无创正压通气复合腰-硬联合麻醉在妇科腹腔镜手术中的应用

目的 探讨无创正压通气复合腰-硬联合麻醉行妇科腹腔镜手术的安全性和可行性.方法 30例在腰-硬联合麻醉下行妇科腹腔镜手术的患者随机分为两组,每组15例,A组:鼻饲给氧,B组:无创正压通气(NPPV).记录麻醉前、麻醉后、气腹后10,30,60 min,术毕15 min各时点的HR,SPO2,MAP,RR,并采集动脉血,行血气分析.结果 A组SpO2,RR,pH麻醉后与麻醉前及B组同时点比较下降明显(P＜0.05).A,B两组MAP,HR及B组SpO2,RR麻醉后各时点与术前比较无明显变化(P＞0.05).两组PaO2术中均较麻醉前明显增高(P＜0.05),麻醉后B组与A组各时点比较增加更为明显(P＜0.05).A组PaCO2麻醉后与麻醉前及B组同时点比较明显增高(P＜0.05).但各参数术毕15 min均恢复至麻醉前水平.结论 无创正压通气复合腰-硬联合麻醉行妇科腹腔镜手术安全有效,可避免术中因二氧化碳蓄积而发生高碳酸血症和酸中毒危险.     

腰-硬联合麻醉在妇科腹腔镜术中的应用

目的：比较腰-硬联合麻醉和气管插管全身麻醉在妇科腹腔镜手术中的应用效果。方法：100例ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ级行腹腔镜妇科手术患者,随机分为腰-硬联合麻醉复合静脉麻醉组（Ⅰ组,n=50）和气管插管全身麻醉组（Ⅱ组,n=50）。Ⅰ组患者采用腰-硬联合麻醉,术中静注丙泊酚维持麻醉。Ⅱ组患者麻醉诱导后气管插管,术中吸入异氟烷、静注异丙酚维持麻醉。两组患者均进行心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、血氧饱和度（SpO2）等生命体征监测。记录麻醉前、气腹前、气腹中、停气腹后HR、MAP、SpO2以及术中、术后并发症。结果：Ⅰ组患者术中HR、MAP、SpO2平稳,术毕即可回病房。而Ⅱ组患者麻醉诱导气管插管后、气腹后、拔管后MAP明显升高,且高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）,患者术后20-60 min才能回病房。结论：腰-硬联合麻醉较好控制机体的应激反应,适用于妇科腹腔镜手术的麻醉。     

不同通气下静脉联合骶管阻滞麻醉用于先天性巨结肠症根治术的比较

目的 观察气管插管、喉罩和面罩通气全麻联合骶管阻滞用于经肛门直肠内拖出术的临床效果,为小儿经肛门直肠内拖出巨结肠根治术的麻醉提供参考依据.方法 婴幼儿常见型先天性巨结肠症患儿60例,分为气管插管全麻联合骶管阻滞组(A组)、喉罩全麻联合骶管阻滞组(B组)和面罩吸氧下氯胺酮静脉麻醉联合骶管阻滞组(C组).观察3组患儿诱导前、切皮时、手术开始后20 min、术毕时的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、苏醒时间及术后不良反应.结果 B组各时点MAP、HR与诱导前比较差异无统计学意义,A组术毕时MAP、HR较诱导前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),C组各时点MAP、HR较诱导前均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).B组患儿各时点SpO2均为100%,苏醒时间较A、C组明显缩短(P<0.05),且苏醒期无不良反应.结论 喉罩通气下全麻联合骶管阻滞对循环影响小,术后苏醒时间短、术后不良反应少,较气管内全麻和传统氯胺酮静脉麻醉效果更优,可以安全用于婴幼儿先天性巨结肠症手术的麻醉.     

腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞麻醉对腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术应激反应的影响

目的 观察腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞麻醉和全身麻醉用于腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术对血浆肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素及血动力学的影响.方法 40例拟行腹腔镜经腹腔腹膜前网片腹股沟疝修补术患者随机分为两组:两点穿刺法腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA)组和全麻(GA)组,每组20例.监测麻醉前,手术开始前即刻,气腹后5min、30min、术毕30min各时点血浆NE、E浓度并记录HR、MAP值.结果 CSEA组各时点NE浓度无明显改变,手术开始前即刻及气腹后明显升高(P<0.05),术后30min基本恢复;CA组气腹后NE及E均明显增加(P<0.05),术后30min仍未恢复.手术开始前即刻CSEA组HR高于GA组(P<0.05),气腹后CSEA组HR、MAP低于GA组.结论 腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉较全身麻醉能较好地抑制腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术的应激反应.     

腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞对腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术应激反应的影响

目的观察两点法腰麻-硬膜外联合阻滞麻醉和全身麻醉用于腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术对血浆肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素及血流动力学的影响。方法42例拟行腹腔镜经腹腔腹膜前网片腹股沟疝修补术患者随机分为两组:两点穿刺法腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉(CSEA)组和全麻(GA)组,每组21例。监测麻醉前,手术开始前即刻,气腹后5min、30min,术毕30min各时点血浆NE、E浓度并记录HR、MAP值。结果CSEA组各时点NE浓度无明显改变,手术开始前即刻及气腹后E明显增高(P<0.05),术后30min基本恢复;GA组气腹后NE及E均明显增加(P<0.05),术后30min仍未恢复。手术开始前即刻CSEA组HR高于GA组(P<0.05),气腹后CSEA组HR、MAP低于GA组。结论腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉较全身麻醉能较好地抑制腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术的应激反应。     

异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼气管插管与复合氯胺酮非气管插管麻醉在烧伤手术中的比较

目的 比较异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼气管插管与复合氯胺酮非气管插管麻醉在烧伤手术中的特点.方法 60例择期烧伤手术病人,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,按序贯实验分为氯胺酮组(A组)和瑞芬太尼组(B组),每组30例.A组麻醉诱导用安定和氯胺酮,维持麻醉用微量泵持续输注异丙酚和氯胺酮,术中保留自主呼吸并用鼻导管给氧;B组麻醉诱导用安定、阿曲库铵、丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼,气管插管后行机械通气,维持麻醉用微量泵持续输注瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚、阿曲库铵.观察麻醉前、麻醉诱导后、手术开始时、术中45 min、术毕5 min各时点的平均动脉压(MAP)、HR和SpO2的变化以及术后苏醒时间和术中、术毕时出现的不良反应.结果 麻醉诱导后A组MAP明显增高(P＜0.05),而B组MAP显著下降(P＜0.05);2组比较,差异也有统计学意义P<0.05);麻醉诱导后A组SpO2明显下降(P＜0.05),而B组SpO2稍有增高(但P＞0.05);B组苏醒时间明显比A组短(P<0.01);A组术中易发生躁动、谵妄和呼吸抑制等不良反应.结论 异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼气管插管麻醉用于烧伤手术,呼吸循环稳定,苏醒及时,不良反应少,提高了麻醉的安全性,且便于麻醉管理.     

四种麻醉方法对妇科腹腔镜手术患者的影响

目的观察四种麻醉方法（气管内插管、腰硬联合加浅全麻、喉罩加腰硬联合麻醉、喉罩）对妇科腹腔镜手术患者的影响。方法对160例妇科腹腔镜手术患者随机分为气管内插管组（A）、腰硬联合加浅全麻组（B）、喉罩加腰硬联合麻醉组（C）和喉罩组（D）。于麻醉前（T0）、麻醉后10min（T1）、气腹后5min（T2）、手术开始后15min（T3）、结束气腹后5min（T4）监测呼气末CO2浓度（PetCO2）脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO2）、心率（HR）和平均动脉压（MAP）。结果C和B组比较,在T1、T2、T3、T4时ETCO2、变化有显著性差异（P〈0．01）,SpO2无明显差异,A、B和D组三者亦无明显差异;在T1、T2时C和A组比较,HR、MAP比较有明显差异（P〈0．05）,C、B和D组三者亦无明显差异。结论喉罩加腰硬联合麻醉具有容易维持气道,通气效率明显提高,对呼吸及循环功能影响小,拔罩反应轻等特点。喉罩加腰硬联合麻醉在妇科腹腔镜手术中是一种安全有效的麻醉方法。     

无创正压通气对肥胖患者全身麻醉后苏醒质量的影响

目的 探讨无创正压通气在肥胖患者全身麻醉术后并发症的预防,提高苏醒质量方面的作用.方法 将术前情况基本相同的30例全身麻醉术后的肥胖患者体质量指数(BMI)≥30,随机分为两组,每组15例.A组:拔管后采用鼻饲给氧;B组:拔管后采用无创正压通气(NPPV),持续4 h,其他处理与A组相同.观察术前、拔管时、拔管后0.5、2、4 h各时间点的动脉血气、HR、MAP、RR及警觉/镇静评分;记录两组患者拔管后不良反应.结果 A组PaCO2 PaO2拔管后2、4 h与麻醉前及B组同时间点比较改变明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).A组HR、MAP、RR在拔管后与术前及B组同时间点比较增高明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).B组警觉/镇静评分(OAA/S评分)拔管后2、4 h与A组同时间点比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),清醒程度高.结论 无创正压通气对肥胖患者全身麻醉术后的低氧血症、高碳酸血症有预防和治疗作用,并提高苏醒质量.     

腰-硬联合麻醉复合喉罩和气管插管全麻在腹腔镜妇科手术的应用比较

目的 观察腰-硬联合麻醉复合喉罩和气管插管全麻对患者血流动力学和术后并发症的影响.方法 择期腹腔镜妇科手术患者60例,随机分为A组和B组.A组选择L2-3间隙进行腰-硬联合麻醉,调整麻醉平面于T6水平,后麻醉诱导插入喉罩.B组为气管插管全麻组.记录麻醉前(T0)、诱导后1min(T1)、插入喉罩或气管导管后1min(T2)、气腹后5min(T3)、拔喉罩或气管导管前(T4)、拔喉罩或气管导管后1min(T5)的SBP、DBP、HR、SpO2和ECG.并记录患者拔管、呼之睁眼、随意运动恢复、定向力恢复的时间,术后疼痛评分.结果 与T0时相比,B组T2、T3、T4、T5时SBP、DBP明显升高,HR明显增快,且相应时点均高于A组(P<0.05);A组拔管时间,睁眼时间,定向力恢复时间明显短于B组,苏醒后述伤口疼痛率,术后咽喉痛A组明显少于B组.结论 腰-硬联合麻醉复合喉罩用于腹腔镜妇科手术具有麻醉效果确切、平稳、苏醒迅速及不良反应少的优点,是较为安全有效的麻醉方法.     

不同麻醉方式悬吊式腹腔镜手术患者血流动力学及血清酶学变化

目的比较全身麻醉和腰硬联合阻滞麻醉（combined spinal anesthesia,CSEA）下悬吊式腹腔镜手术对患者血流动力学及血清酶学的影响。方法择期妇科悬吊式腹腔镜手术患者52例,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,年龄35-65岁。按麻醉方式不同分为全麻组和腰硬组两组,每组26例,分别于麻醉前、麻醉后、悬吊后10 min、悬吊后30 min、解除悬吊后10 min、拔管后等时点监测并记录患者MAP、HR、CVP、SpO2等指标,并比较手术前、后血清酶的变化。结果全麻组患者MAP无显著变化,腰硬组患者MAP在悬吊后10 min显著低于麻醉前水平;腰硬组患者MAP在悬吊后10 min显著低于全麻组;全麻组HR在麻醉诱导后显著低于麻醉前水平,腰硬组HR无显著变化;全麻组CVP在麻醉后显著高于麻醉前水平,腰硬组患者CVP在悬吊后10 min显著高于麻醉前水平,组间比较腰硬组患者CVP在麻醉后各时点显著低于全麻组;全麻组患者术后LDH和ALP显著升高（P〈0.05）,而腰硬组患者术后仅ALP较术前显著升高,全麻组术后LDH显著高于腰硬组。结论两种麻醉方法均可满足悬吊式腹腔镜手术的需要,但腰硬联合阻滞麻醉对患者循环系统的影响更小,同时减少了麻醉用药和对血清酶学的影响。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.