锰超氧化物歧化酶对脑肿瘤的辅助诊断意义

目的:探讨血清锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)与颅内良恶性肿瘤的关系。方法:采用黄嘌吟氧化酶法测定了50例脑肿瘤患者血清Mn-SOD活性,并做相关性分析。结果:①星形细胞瘤各组血清Mn-SOD活性均明显低于脑膜瘤组及正常对照组(P<0.01);星形细胞瘤Ⅲ、Ⅵ级组亦明显低于星形细胞Ⅰ、Ⅱ级组(P<0.01);而脑膜瘤组与正常对照组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。②术后10d星形细胞瘤各组血清Mn-SOD活性较术前明显升高(P<>0.01),而脑膜瘤组较术前无明显改变。③复发性星形细胞瘤Mn-SOD水平较术后10d明显下降(P<0.01),接近于术前水平。结论:随脑肿瘤恶性程度的增加,血清Mn-SOD活性降低;Mn-SOD可作为鉴别脑肿瘤良恶性的辅助指标,并可为早期诊断复发提供帮助。     

脑肿瘤MRI增强前后的定量分析对鉴别诊断的意义

目的　探讨MRI增强前后对脑肿瘤鉴别诊断有价值的参数指标。方法　对 88例颅内常见肿瘤 ,包括 :星形细胞瘤 3 0例、脑膜瘤 2 0例、血管网状细胞瘤 12例、转移瘤 16例和听神经瘤 10例 (另有 10例肉芽肿性病变 ) ,增强前后的MRI图像进行分析 ,总结出了强化比值 (% )、平扫肿瘤实体部分与正常脑白质的相对信号强度 (RSIc )及增强后肿瘤实体部分与正常脑白质相对信号强度 (RSIGd)几个指标 ,并对这几个指标在各组肿瘤中进行了统计和比较 (独立t检验 ) ,得出各组不同指标的均值、标准差及 χ2 值。结果　RSIGd在良性与恶性星形细胞瘤之间及与其它各组之间均有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,与听神经瘤和血管网状细胞瘤相比差异更显著 (P <0 0 1) ,高度星形细胞瘤与听神经瘤和血管网状细胞瘤相比亦有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,脑膜瘤与听神经瘤和血管网状细胞瘤相比有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;良性与恶性星形细胞瘤之间的强化比值 (% )差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但与听神经瘤和血管网状细胞瘤相比亦有差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;脑膜瘤与听神经瘤和血管网状细胞瘤相比也有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;RSIc 在各组中的数值较集中 ,各组之间无明显的统计学意义。结论　RSIGd不但对星形细胞瘤级别的判断、还是在其他脑内肿瘤     

人脑肿瘤的高分辨率质子磁共振波谱

目的　研究脑肿瘤的质子磁共振波谱 (1 H- MRS)特征并分析其生化特性 .方法　手术中获取 2 6份肿瘤标本 ,包括星形细胞瘤 15例 ,脑膜瘤 5例 ,转移瘤 2例 ,神经纤维瘤 2例 ,神经鞘瘤 2例 ;并且获得 4份正常脑组织标本 .经高氯酸提取、标准方法中和及冻干后 ,使用 40 0 MHz超导磁共振仪进行测试 .结果　 1 H- MRS可检测出脑内许多与生化代谢有关的化合物 ,主要有 N-乙酰门冬氨酸 (NAA)、胆碱类化合物(Cho)、肌酸 (Cr)、谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺 (Gln+ Glu)、乳酸 (L ac)等 .脑肿瘤的 1 H- MRS与正常脑组织明显不同 :星形细胞瘤显示 NAA/Cho(正常 1.18± 0 .46 , 级星形细胞瘤 :0 .15±0 .0 5 ,P<0 .0 1)、NAA/Cr比值 (正常 :0 .78± 0 .2 1, 级星形细胞瘤 :0 .2 1± 0 .15 ,P <0 .0 1)下降 ,Cho/Cr(正常 0 .46±0 .11, 级星形细胞瘤 3.6 5± 0 .73,P<0 .0 1)比值升高 ,并且与肿瘤的病理分级有关 .脑膜瘤的 Cho增多 (Cho/Cr比值为2 .6 3± 0 .5 1,P<0 .0 1) ,NAA含量明显减少有时难以检测 ,并且在化学位移 1.47× 10 - 6 处出现异常增高的信号 ,代表丙氨酸 .脑转移瘤显示无 NAA信号 ,化学位移位于乳酸和肌酸之间的化合物消失 ,并且脂质信号增强 .结论　 1 H- MRS可以提供组织生化及代谢方面的信息 ,这对研究脑肿瘤     

益肺抗纤方对博莱霉素诱导大鼠肺纤维化的防治作用

目的 :观察益肺抗纤方抗肺纤维化的作用。方法 :实验用雄性Wistar大鼠分为 4组 ,对照组、模型组、益肺抗纤方组、地塞米松组 ;对照组气管内注入生理盐水 ,其余 3组气管内注入博莱霉素制作大鼠肺纤维化模型。造模后 ,益肺抗纤方组给益肺抗纤方 10ml/kg灌胃 ,地塞米松组给地塞米松 1.5mg/kg腹腔注射 ,模型组和对照组均给生理盐水灌胃 ,均给药 1次 /d。观察各组大鼠肺部病理变化 ,测定各组第 7d、2 8d肺组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、脂质过氧化物 (LPO)和羟脯氨酸 (HP)的含量。结果 :气管内注入博莱霉素第 2 8d时 ,模型组多呈 3级肺纤维化和 1级肺泡炎改变 ;益肺抗纤方组多呈 1级纤维化改变 ,肺泡炎不明显 ;地塞米松组多呈 1级纤维化和 1～ 3级肺泡炎改变 ;对照组呈正常肺结构。第 2 8d时 ,模型组和地塞米松组肺组织SOD活性均较对照组明显下降 (P <0 .0 1和P <0 .0 5 ) ,地塞米松组较模型组SOD活性下降更明显 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;益肺抗纤方组与对照组之间SOD活性无明显差别。对照组、模型组、益肺抗纤方组肺组织LPO含量明显低于地塞米松组 (P <0 .0 1) ;益肺抗纤方组与对照组和模型组之间无明显差别。结论 :益肺抗纤方可通过提高SOD活性 ,降低脂质过氧化 ,减轻氧自由基损伤 ,抑制胶原沉积 ,保护肺组织     

人脑星形细胞瘤PTEN基因杂合性缺失的研究

目的　探讨 PTEN基因杂合性缺失在人脑星形细胞瘤发生和恶性演变中的作用。　方法　应用双重PCR技术对 6 2例星形细胞瘤和 10例良性脑膜瘤 PTEN基因第 5外显子区域进行检测。　结果　发现 10例正常脑组织和 10例良性脑膜瘤无 1例发生基因缺失发生 ,6 2例星形细胞瘤中 2 6例 (41.9% )发生 PTEN基因缺失 ,并且基因缺失的发生与星形细胞瘤病理分级显著相关 (P<0 .0 1)。　结论　 PTEN基因缺失在星形细胞瘤发生发展中起着关键的作用 ,并且有助于星形细胞瘤的分子病理分级     

良恶性胶质瘤的核仁组织区定量研究

使用胶质银染色技术对80例胶质瘤进行核仁组织区(AgNORs)定量研究.其中星形细胞瘤49例(星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级13例,Ⅱ级11例,Ⅲ级25例),室管膜瘤16例(良性室管膜瘤6例,恶性室管膜瘤10例),髓母细胞瘤15例.观察结果表明:星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级之间平均每核含Ag—NORs颗粒数相差显著(P<0.05),星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级和Ⅲ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级及良、恶性室管膜瘤之间平均每核AgNORs颗粒数均相差非常显著(P<0.01).提示AgNORs定量研究有助于良、恶性胶质瘤的鉴别,对肿瘤的分级有一定参考价值.     

脑肿瘤患者尿表皮生长因子检测及其临床意义

目的：检测脑肿瘤患者尿中表皮生长因子（epidermal growth factor，EGF）的含量并探讨其临床意义。方法：采用放射免疫分析方法检测20例脑肿瘤患者尿中EGF的含量，其中脑星形细胞瘤15例（WHO分级1～2级6例，3～4级9例）和脑膜瘤患者5例，手术前后各检测1次，以健康正常人（n=5）作对照。结果：手术前，与脑膜瘤患者和健康人相比，脑星形细胞瘤患者尿EGF含量明显增高（P〈0．01），且WHO分级3～4级患者尿EGF含量较1～2级者明显增高（P〈0．05）；手术后，脑星形细胞瘤患者尿EGF含量明显下降（P〈0.01）；而脑膜瘤患者尿EGF含量在手术前后无明显变化，与对照组相比，差异均无统计学意义。结论：脑星形细胞瘤患者尿EGF水平与病理级别相关，且其纵向变化与手术治疗前后同步，提示尿EGF含量的检测对星形细胞瘤的诊断和治疗效果评价有实际指导意义。     

中枢神经系统肿瘤DNA图像定量分析特征

目的　研究 DNA图像定量分析对中枢神经系统良恶性肿瘤的辅助判定和应用价值 .方法　组织细胞化学方法结合图像分析技术 ,测定肿瘤细胞 DNA含量及 DNA倍体细胞分布状况 .结果　 18组 7种中枢神经系统最常见肿瘤细胞 DNA相对含量和 DNA指数分别为 :良性肿瘤 :脑膜瘤(3.30± 1.17) ,(1.36± 0 .32 ) ;垂体腺瘤 (3.5 2± 1.14) ,(1.46± 0 .39) ;听神经瘤 (3.18± 0 .94) ,(1.35± 0 .2 7) ;颅咽管瘤(3.44± 1.0 4) ,(1.32± 0 .2 3) ;低度恶性肿瘤 :室管膜瘤 (4 .40± 1.43) ,(1.5 8± 0 .2 8) ;星形细胞瘤 ～ 级 (4 .41± 1.10 ) ,(1.6 0± 0 .2 5 ) ;高度恶性肿瘤 :髓母细胞瘤 (5 .6 2± 2 .11) ,(2 .34± 0 .83) ;星形细胞瘤 ～ 级 (6 .6 2± 1.42 ) ,(2 .82±0 .48) . Q值法各组间两两比较显示 :低度和高度恶性肿瘤与良性肿瘤间存在显著的组别差异 (P<0 .0 1) ;低度恶性肿瘤与高度恶性肿瘤间存在显著的组别差异 (P<0 .0 5 ) . 2 DNA倍体细胞分布百分率 :恶性肿瘤与良性肿瘤间 ,低度恶性和高度恶性肿瘤间存在显著的组别差异 (P<0 .0 1) .结论　由高分化肿瘤至低分化肿瘤 DNA含量呈递增表现 ,肿瘤恶性程度与五倍体和超五倍体细胞百分率呈正相关 .DNA图像定量分析技术是辅助判定中枢神经系统良恶性肿     

脑肿瘤应用磁共振弥散联合波谱分析技术诊断的临床价值

目的探讨磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)联合波谱分析技术(MRS)应用于临床诊断脑肿瘤的价值。方法回顾性分析资料完整经手术及组织病理学确诊为脑肿瘤的78例患者临床和影像资料。所有患者均行磁共振扫描检查,并予弥散加权成像及波谱分析。比较不同脑肿瘤及其对侧正常区域脑组织的ADC值,记录不同肿瘤代谢物变化情况。结果脑膜瘤平均ADC值明显高于对侧正常区域脑组织ADC值,差异有统计学意义(t=7.96,P0.05);脑转移瘤平均ADC值高于对侧正常区域脑组织ADC值,差异有统计学意义(t=4.94,P0.05);星形细胞瘤平均ADC值为高于对侧正常区域脑组织ADC值,差异有统计学意义(t=9.09,P0.05)。脑膜瘤、脑转移瘤和星形细胞瘤之间ADC值方差分析无统计学意义(P0.05)。I-II级星形细胞瘤与III~IV级星形细胞瘤ADC值差异有统计学意义(t=7.18,P0.05),与对照侧正常组织差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。脑转移瘤、脑膜瘤及星形细胞瘤NAA水平明显低于正常脑组织NAA水平,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);星形细胞瘤NAA/Cho和NAA/Cr值明显高于脑转移瘤、脑膜瘤,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论磁共振弥散成像对脑肿瘤诊断和鉴别诊断有一定价值,ADC值本身并不能很好鉴别实性肿瘤,联合应用波谱分析技术,并结合常规磁共振检查可对常见脑肿瘤进行定性分析和恶性程度分级,为临床诊断和治疗方案制定提供参考依据。     

p27kip1在星形细胞瘤中表达的意义

目的检测p27kipl在星形细胞瘤中的表达并探讨其在星形细胞瘤发生、发展中的作用。方法采用免疫组化S-P法检测了59例星形细胞瘤的表达。结果p27kipl在星形细胞瘤良性组(I级、Ⅱ级)表达阳性率76.9％(30/39)高于恶性组(Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级)50.0％(10/20)(P<0.05)。p27kipl表达水平与星形细胞瘤分级呈负相关(r=-0.487,P<0.0001)。结论细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂p27kipl在星形细胞瘤发生、发展中起重要作用；p27kip1可作为良恶性星形细胞瘤辅助鉴别诊断标记物。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.