微菌落-双分子信标技术快速检测结核杆菌的应用评价

目的探讨结核病的准确、快速、高特异性诊断方法,建立并评价微菌落-双分子信标法在结核分枝杆菌检测中的应用价值。方法采用MC-双分子信标技术与达安公司的结核分枝杆菌核酸检测试剂的检测结果相比较。结果 102份临床标本中微菌落-双分子信标法检出25份阳性,阳性率25%;达安结核分枝杆菌核酸扩增荧光检测试剂盒检出25份阳性,阳性率也是25%。其中各有1例阳性标本为阴性,2种检测方法比较无显著性差。结论微菌落-双分子信标技术具有准确、快速、高特异性等特点,不仅可快速发现结核病患者,而且可以监测疫情,反映疾病的流行程度。     

高通量核酸分析技术在体外诊断领域的应用前景

分子诊断技术是以目的核酸作为诊断目标,通过核酸扩增技术或者核酸杂交技术检测核酸的变化,并以此作为疾病诊断的依据.相对于传统的检测方法如显微镜技术或微生物培养,核酸分析技术的优越性在于其高灵敏度和特异性,核酸分析技术不仅在疾病诊断方面具有优势,而且在疾病的易感性,疾病的分型、分期以及预后判断和疗效检测都具有十分重要的意义.目前核酸检测技术已广泛应用于科学研究和临床检测,如感染性疾病和遗传性疾病筛查、肿瘤的分子诊断和药物基因组研究等,是临床检验医学的一个重要组成部分.     

分子Gene-Xpert技术在肺结核病原体检测中的应用

近年来临床广泛使用Genen-Xpert分子检测技术应用中使用定量PCR分子检测过程中样品的准备,核酸纯化,基因倍增,将其步骤使用把样本的制备和扩增整合成自动化程序,可以准确快速安全的得出实验结果,已成为新型分子POCT检测技术平台为感性疾病检测病原体提供新的方法,特别是在结核病中的诊断尤其重要达到早检、早诊、早治。所以介绍Genen-Xpert分子检测技术在临床中的意义和将来发展的趋势及临床应用中存在问题。     

核酸适配体技术在海洋生物毒素检测中的应用

核酸适配体是利用指数富集的配基系统进化技术体外筛选得到的单链DNA或RNA片段,能高亲和、高特异性地结合氨基酸、糖类、蛋白质、细胞、细菌和病毒等多种目标物质,具有操作简单、灵敏度高和检测成本低等优点.在海洋生物毒素的检测和预防中,核酸适配体技术已显示出巨大的潜力.本文概述了核酸适配体技术的基本原理、目前的应用现状及优势,分析了海洋生物毒素分子的特点及现有检测手段的局限,并对核酸适配体技术在海洋生物毒素检测中的应用前景进行了展望.     

HBV基因型与肝癌的预测性相关研究 Ⅰ.地高辛甙元标记HBV-DNA探针的制备

用地高辛甙元随机引物法标记HBV DNA探针,通过核酸分子杂交技术测试该探针。结果证实,该探针检测HBV DNA的特异性和敏感性均达到了实验要求,为进一步开展临床HBV核酸分子杂交检测技术提供了可靠的实验材科。     

抗体新时代--核酸多功能配基

抗体在人类疾病诊断和治疗等方面做出了巨大的贡献,但筛选周期长,成本高,分子量较大,在应用中受到一定的局限。tRNA为研制一种多功能核酸配基分子提供了重要的启发和佐证。SELEX技术筛选的核酸配基具有筛选周期短、特异性强、分子量小等优点;利用核酸配基研制的核酸多功能配基,与传统的抗体相比,具有不同功能配基组装方便、搭配灵活、功能多样、实用性强等优势,预计在生物医学领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

分子生物学技术在微生物检验中应用

在现代社会分子生物学被广泛的采用,微生物检验和分类逐渐提高到了一个新的水平。本文简要介绍了分子生物学技术在微生物检验和分类中的应用,包括DNA(G+C)mol%值、核酸杂交技术、核酸序列分析以及DNA分子标记技术等,以期为相关研究提供一定的理论参考。     

社区获得性肺炎病原学检测新进展

成人社区获得性肺炎(community-acquired pneumonia,CAP)是全球高发病率、高死亡率的疾病之一。明确CAP的致病微生物能够指导最佳的抗感染治疗策略,改善患者预后,且具有重要的流行病学及公共卫生学价值。传统微生物学检测方法如微生物培养、尿病原体抗原检测等简便、普及性高,但受时效性、敏感性、标本运输处理、分离培养条件等多方面的限制。近年来微生物核酸分子检测技术快速发展,基于聚合酶链式反应(polymerasechain reaction,PCR)的核酸分子扩增检测能够快速定量检测目标病原体基因片段,敏感性、特异性高。二代测序技术为呼吸道微生物检测带来了重大变革,能同时测定许多病原体的保守基因序列,使对呼吸道微生物群落的研究达到前所未有的广度和深度。传统检测方法的继续改良与核酸分子检测手段的不断创新,多种检测手段的优化组合,将为临床CAP的诊断提供更全面准确的病原学信息。同时,下呼吸道微生物组学的研究有望揭示CAP发生发展与呼吸道微生物组变化的关系,使CAP的临床诊疗进入新的时代。      

基因芯片技术及其在医学领域的应用

基因芯片是在固体介质上有序固定上特定的可寻址的核酸分子而形成的核酸微阵列.该技术能一次检测大量的目标分子,是一个高效率和大规模的基因组分析和基因表达研究的技术,可以用于基因表达检测、遗传性疾病诊断、肿瘤相关基因筛选、疾病病原体检测、法医学鉴定等多个方面.     

Luminex液态芯片在临床及科研中的应用

Luminex 液态芯片是一个多功能、多指标并行分析系统,集编码微球、激光技术、流式细胞、数字信号处理等技术于一体,具有高通量、既能检测蛋白,又能检测核算等特点,可广泛应用于免疫分析、核酸研究、酶学分析、受体和配体识别分析等研究.本文就液态芯片技术的原理、特点及在临床和科研中的应用进行阐述.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…