额三针透刺的脑功能性磁共振成像研究

目的:研究额三针透刺引发的脑内功能区的变化情况。方法:对6例健康志愿者进行额三针透刺,利用血氧依赖性磁共振成像技术,获取针刺前后的脑功能变化图像,利用SPM信号处理系统进行对比分析,观察脑皮层相应功能区的激活状况。结果:额三针透刺高激活的脑区,左侧:额上回(BA8/10),额中回(BA9/46),额下回(BA47),颞上回(BA38),颞中回(BA39),边缘叶,楔叶(BA20),小脑;右侧:中央前回(BA6),颞下回(BA20),枕叶(BA18/19),顶下小叶(BA40),脑干,尾状核;低激活的脑区,左侧:豆状核,顶上小叶(BA7),颞上回(BA39),颞下回(BA20),额中回(BA8);右侧:边缘叶(BA33)。结论:额三针透刺激活脑区可能在治疗心境障碍性疾病时起一定作用,fMRI可清楚显示针刺效应引起的脑部功能变化,可作为针刺机制及效应的评价方法。     

利用低频振幅算法在正常人静息态下的脑性别差异磁共振研究

目的:采用静息态功能磁共振成像(resting-state functional MRI,rfMRI)技术,探讨正常人静息态下脑低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuation,ALFF)的性别差异。方法:对19例男性健康者与19例年龄、受教育程度相匹配的女性健康者进行磁共振静息态扫描,使用ALFF算法对比分析MRI数据,观察男女性血氧水平依赖(blood oxygenation level dependent,BOLD)信号振荡幅度不同的区域。结果:较女性健康组,男性健康组双侧中央前回、双侧额中回、双侧颞上回区域的ALFF值更高;较男性健康组,女性健康组左丘脑、左角回、右海马旁回、后扣带回、脊髓小脑区域的ALFF值更高。结论:静息态下正常人的脑神经活动存在性别差异。     

针刺足三里穴后续效应的脑功能成像研究

[目的]利用功能磁共振探讨针刺足三里穴的后续效应对脑部的影响.[方法]选择16名健康志愿者,分别在针刺足三里前及拔针后25 min对其进行磁共振功能扫描,应用局部一致性(regionall homogeneity,ReHi)方法处理fNRI数据.[结果]拔针后25 min时,右侧额中回、左侧额上回、右侧颞上回、后扣带回...     

低频振幅算法功能磁共振成像对双侧海马硬化颞叶癫痫的研究

目的 采用静息功能磁共振成像低频振幅(ALFF)技术,探讨颞叶癫痫脑活动的神经机制.方法 采用功能磁共振成像技术,观察伴有双侧海马硬化(HS)的内侧颞叶癫痫(mTLE)患者脑血氧水平依赖信号活动的改变.对南京军区南京总医院20例伴有HS的mTLE患者及20名正常志愿者进行静息态数据采集,并计算出各受试者ALFF值;采用两样本t检验,以P＜0.01水平观察TLE患者相对正常人,ALFF增高及降低的区域.结果 相比正常人,TLE患者BOLD信号ALFF改变的区域呈双侧对称分布.ALFF升高区域以边缘叶为中心进行分布:包括双侧海马旁回、杏仁核、脑干网状结构区、下丘脑、部分扣带回等边缘系统;双侧感觉运动区、枕叶、颞下回及眶额回等新皮层区;以及中脑腹侧及小脑内侧等皮层下结构,以右中央前回(15,-12,51)为最大ALFF增高区(T=6.02).ALFF幅度降低的区域包括:扣带回前部、内侧前额叶及楔前叶等经典缺省模式区域,双背外侧前额叶及颞上回,双豆状核头部、中脑背侧结构及小脑后叶等结构,以小脑(3,-78,-21)为最大ALFF降低区(T=-4.42).结论 ALFF功能磁共振成像技术可以对癫痫引起的脑活动改变情况进行观察.ALFF增高的脑区反映了大脑对癫痫活动的产生、传播等易化作用,边缘叶在TLE中起着重要作用;ALFF降低区域反映了大脑对癫痫活动的抑制,尤其是缺省模式功能的受抑制.     

首发未用药精神分裂症患者的白质纤维及皮质结构的MRI研究

目的 研究首发未用药精神分裂症患者白质纤维及皮质结构的异常改变.方法 对36例首发未用药精神分裂症患者和41名健康对照进行全脑弥散张量成像（DTI）及脑结构成像.通过基于纤维束的空间体积分析（TBSS）比较两组间白质纤维FA值的差异.使用基于表面的分析方法（FreeSurfer）进行两组间皮质结构的比较.结果 TBSS分析显示患者组中双侧上纵束、双侧后扣带束以及左侧皮质脊髓束的FA值减低.FreeSurfer分析显示,患者组皮质厚度减低的区域有：左侧额上回、额中回、眶回、中央前回、颞上回、颞中回、颞下回、顶上小叶、顶下小叶、中央后回、楔前叶、侧枕叶、楔叶、扣带回及右侧额上回、颞中回、颞下回、岛叶、缘上回、中央后回、扣带回;表面积减小的区域有左侧额上回、额中回、眶回、中央前回、颞下回、颞中回、颞上回、顶上小叶、顶下小叶、缘上回、中央后回、岛叶、楔前叶、扣带回及右侧额中回、顶上小叶、颞中回、岛叶、中央前回、额上回.结论 首发未用药精神分裂症患者存在白质纤维束及皮质结构的多区域异常,且两者在解剖关系上具有相关性;灰质结构异常可能是精神分裂症发病的主要原因.     

轻度认知障碍病人情景记忆与脑静息态功能连接关系

目的观察轻度认知障碍(MCI)病人情景记忆(EM)编码、提取与其脑静息态功能连接网络变化的关系。方法 MCI组24例,正常对照(NC)组24例,采用GE 3.0T MRI采集静息态脑血氧水平依赖信号,然后行EM编码、提取测试。EM编码和提取成绩与相应功能连接网络进行相关分析。结果与NC组比较,MCI组与后扣带回连接明显减弱脑区:胼胝体、左侧舌回、左侧额叶亚区、右侧颞中回、右侧颞上回、右侧舌回及左侧颞中回(t=-4.84～-3.73,P<0.05);连接增强脑区:小脑后叶、右侧颞下回、右侧额中回、左侧枕中回、左侧中央前回、左侧颞上回、右侧中央前回(t=3.49～4.72,P<0.05)。MCI组EM编码、提取成绩均明显低于NC组,差异均有显著性(t=4.60、3.53,P<0.05)。MCI组与EM编码呈显著正相关脑区为右侧颞上回(r=0.66,P<0.05);NC组无相关脑区。MCI组与EM提取呈显著正相关的脑区为右侧楔前叶(r=0.71,P<0.05),NC组为左侧眶部额中额下回(r=0.68,P<0.05)。结论 MCI病人双侧颞中回、右侧颞上回、双侧舌回与后扣带回功能连接显著减弱;小脑后叶、左侧颞上回、右侧颞下回、左侧枕中回、双侧中央前回、右侧额中回与PCC的功能连接增强。MCI病人EM编码、提取功能存在明显障碍,其中编码功能障碍与其右侧颞上回功能网络连接减弱密切相关。     

帕金森病伴疼痛患者接触性热痛刺激诱发的脑功能磁共振成像研究

目的:观察帕金森病伴疼痛患者(PDP)与帕金森病不伴疼痛患者(nPDP)在接触性热痛刺激(CHS)下的脑功能磁共振成像(fMRI)特点,探索PDP痛觉相关脑网络,为PD疼痛的病理生理机制、临床分型及治疗等提供参考.方法:收集11例PDP(PDP组)与15例nPDP(nPDP组),同期招募17名性别、年龄匹配的健康成年人为对照组(NC组).所有受试者均接受临床量表评估,右侧前臂背侧行51℃CHS同步fMRI扫描,观察三组间脑区激活差异.结果:与nPDP组相比,PDP组右小脑、右海马旁回、右舌回、右背外侧额上回、右眶部额上回脑区激活程度增强,双侧颞下回、双侧脑岛、左中央沟盖、左顶上回、左顶下缘角回脑区激活程度减弱(P<0.05).与NC组相比,PDP组双侧小脑、双侧中央前回、左颞下回、左中央后回、右海马旁回、右海马、右舌回、左丘脑、左颞上回、右脑岛、右中央沟盖、左颞上回、左补充运动区、右梭状回脑区激活程度增强(P<0.05),未见激活降低的脑区.与NC组相比,nPDP组双侧小脑、双侧中央沟盖、双侧梭状回、双侧脑岛、左顶下缘角回、右颞下回、右海马旁回、左丘脑、左颞上回、左中央前回、左中央后回、右海马、左补充运动区、左颞横回、左顶上回脑区激活程度增强(P<0.05),未见激活降低的脑区.结论:多个脑区共同参与痛觉形成及处理,存在复杂的痛觉相关脑网络.CHS-fMRI可为PD患者痛觉相关脑功能研究提供客观手段,PDP痛觉相关脑网络发生改变,对PDP疼痛的病理生理机制研究有一定价值,可能有助于为PD患者临床分型、疗效评定提供参考信息.     

针刺足阳明胃经原穴合穴磁共振脑功能成像

目的 利用功能磁共振成像技术探讨配伍针刺足阳明胃经(ST)原穴与合穴后脑功能变化情况.方法 对30名健康志愿者使用电针同时刺激原穴(冲阳,ST42)、合穴(足三里,ST36)后,采用血氧水平依赖法进行功能磁共振成像;随机选择30名健康志愿者中的10名针刺非穴位点作为对照组.以P＜0.001,k≥30作为阈值,处理结果叠加到标准脑上显示.结果 试验组脑功能激活区有双侧颞上回(22区)、双侧缘上回(40区)、双侧小脑、双侧扣带回及扣带回峡(32区和30区)、双侧顶上小叶(7区);功能减低脑区有双侧眶回(11区)、双侧颞极(38区) 、右侧额下回(47区)、右侧枕颞内侧回(36区).对照组激活区包括颞上回、中央前回、扣带回、丘脑、岛叶、小脑等.对照组激活脑区的范围、信号强度及数量(12个)显著小于试验组(23个).结论 配伍刺激ST的原穴、合穴后,可以激活、降低属于"内脏脑"的不同脑区及躯体感觉区的7区,使之达到新的功能平衡而实现止痛效果.     

基于体素的形态测量学方法分析颞叶癫痫患者脑灰质体积变化

目的采用基于体素的形态测量学方法比较颞叶癫痫患者和正常人脑灰质的体积,探讨颞叶癫痫患者脑灰质体积的变化。方法收集22例经手术病例证实的颞叶癫痫患者及15例性别、年龄相匹配的健康志愿者,分别行全脑三维结构像扫描,采用基于体素的形态学测量学(VBM)方法分析病例组及对照组的数据,计算和比较两组脑灰质的体积。结果与对照组相比,左侧颞叶癫痫患者的右侧小脑前叶、左侧颞中回、左侧颞下回、左侧枕中回、左侧额下回、右侧额下回、右侧颞中回、左侧海马、左侧额上回、右侧尾状叶、右侧额中回、左侧中央后回、右侧中央前回灰质体积减小(P均0.05);右侧颞叶癫痫患者的右侧颞下回、右侧颞中回、左侧舌回、左侧枕下回、左侧颞下回、左侧海马旁回、右侧丘脑、左侧枕上回、左侧颞中回、右侧额上回、左侧中央前回、左侧中央后回、右侧中央前回灰质体积减小(P均0.05)。结论颞叶癫痫患者多个脑区脑灰质体积降低,通过采用基于体素的形态测量学技术可以反映脑灰质体积的变化。     

食蟹猴左足三里穴针刺fMRI研究

目的 对食蟹猴进行左侧足三里穴针刺的fMRI研究,探讨左侧足三里穴针刺所引起的脑功能活动.方法 食蟹猴6只,采用3.0T MR扫描仪,动物麻醉后进行左侧足三里穴磁共振功能成像扫描.针刺fMRI采用"静息-刺激-静息"设计模式.fMRI-BOLD扫描16层,128 phase.采用SPM2软件处理fMRI实验数据,采用t检验来分析特定任务刺激下脑激活的状态.结果 针刺左侧足三里穴可以观察到左侧中央前回、右侧中央后回、双侧岛叶、楔前叶、右侧颞叶激活;额叶、顶叶、枕叶、扣带回有负激活点.结论 可以在临床使用的MRI设备上对非人灵长类动物进行脑fMRI的研究.针刺食蟹猴左侧足三里穴,fMRI可以显示不同脑组织区域的正激活和负激活.针刺的作用机理可能与中央前回、岛叶及颞上回有较密切关系.针刺足三里穴引起的负激活定位性较差,扣带回的负激活在针刺机理及针灸止痛中可能有重要作用.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.