氧化苦参碱防治二甲基亚硝胺诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的实验研究

目的　观察氧化苦参碱预防及治疗大鼠肝纤维化的疗效并探讨其作用机制。方法　采用二甲基亚硝胺诱导的大鼠肝纤维化模型 ,观察氧化苦参碱 (30mg/kg、90mg/kg)干预前后肝指数、血及肝组织生化、羟脯氨酸含量、肿瘤坏死因子 (TGF) β1mRNA表达水平、电镜及病理组织学改变。结果　氧化苦参碱干预组较模型组丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶下降 ,肝组织羟脯氨酸含量及TGF β1mR NA表达水平降低 (P <0 .0 1) ;干预组肝组织内超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶较模型组升高 ,而丙二醛低于模型组 ;电镜显示肝细胞损伤减轻 ,病理组织学改善。结论　氧化苦参碱对二甲基亚硝胺诱导的肝纤维化有预防及治疗作用 ,其部分机制为通过抗脂质过氧化而保护肝细胞、抑制纤维生成等     

反义转化生长因子βⅡ型受体表达质粒对实验性肝纤维化的影响

目的 观察反义转化生长因子βⅡ型受作(TGF βRⅡ)表达质粒对实验性肝纤维化的影响。方法 运用重组DNA技术中构建反义TGF βRⅡ真核细胞表达质粒,采用猪血清腹腔注射制备免疫性大鼠肝纤维化模型,实验动物分为肝纤维化模型组、反义TGF βRⅡ治疗组、pCDNA3对照组及正常对照组。反义TGF βRⅡ质粒和pCDNA3空质粒与糖化多聚赖氨酸偶联后经尾静脉分别导入大鼠体内,通过northern blot、RT-PCR、Western blot检测外源导入质粒在肝组织中的表达,检测血清转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1)、肝组织羟脯氨酸测定,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原免疫组织化学与Van Gieson染色观察反义TGF βRⅡ质粒对大鼠肝纤维化的影响。 结果 反义TGF βRⅡ表达质粒可在肝组织中获得确切表达,其表达可使反义治疗组血清TGF β1含量下降,反义TGF βRⅡ治疗组为(23.16 ± 3.13)ng/ml,模型组为(32.96±3.79)ng/ml,F=36.73,P<0.01。肝组织羟脯氦酸含量下降,治疗组为(0.17±0.01)mg/g,模型组为(0.30±0.03)mg/g,F=15.48,P<0.01。减少了肝组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原的沉积,治疗组Ⅰ型胶原为650.26±51.51,Ⅲ型胶原为661.5 8±55.28,模型组Ⅰ型胶原为1209.44±16.60,Ⅲ型胶原为1175.14±121.44,F值分圳为69.87、70.46,P<0.01。并促进反义治疗组肝脏病理形态一定程度的改善。     

雌二醇对肝纤维化大鼠Ⅰ,Ⅲ型胶原及TGFβ1表达的影响

目的:观察雌二醇对肝纤维化大鼠肝脏胶原沉积和转化生长因子β_1(TGF β_1)表达的影响,研究雌激素对肝纤维化形成的抑制作用,并探讨其可能的机制。方法:设立模型组、治疗对照组、雌二醇组和正常对照组,以四氯化碳复合因素诱导大鼠肝纤维化动物模型,雌二醇组在四氯化碳应用的同时皮下注射苯甲酸雌二醇1mg/kg,2次/wk,共8wk。大鼠肝脏HE染色与Masson染色,分级观察肝组织的炎性坏死与胶原纤维沉积变化,并观察对大鼠肝纤维化形成过程中肝脏表达Ⅰ,Ⅲ型胶原蛋白及对TGF β_1的影响。结果:与正常对照组比较,四氯化碳模型大鼠出现典型的肝纤维化表现,肝脏胶原纤维间隔广泛形成,肝小叶与肝窦内胶原增生沉积明显,Ⅰ,Ⅲ型胶原(0.58±0.26vs 6.34±2.24,1.07±0.49 vs 5.28±1.28,P值均<0.001)及TGF β_1基因表达明显增多;雌二醇应用可以明显减轻肝脏内胶原纤维增生沉积P<0.05),抑制肝脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白(2.47±0.76 vs 6.34±2.24,3.02±1.20 vs5.28±1.28,P值均<0.05)及TGF β_1的合成表达。结论:雌二醇可抑制肝纤维化大鼠肝脏Ⅰ,Ⅲ型胶原蛋白及TGF β_1的合成表达,发挥对肝纤维化的抑制作用。     

熊去氧胆酸抗免疫性大鼠肝纤维化作用的研究

目的　研究熊去氧胆酸 (UDCA)对免疫性大鼠肝纤维化的影响 ,并探讨其作用机制。方法　 3 6只SD大鼠随机分为 3组。 2 4只大鼠腹腔内注射猪血清 (每周 2次 ,共 8周 )诱导建立肝纤维化模型 ;其中 12只予以UDCA[15mg/(kg·d]干预 (UDCA组 ) :余 12只为模型组。对照组 12只大鼠未予任何处理。 8周后处死动物。观察肝组织纤维化程度、胶原表达及血清透明质酸 (HA) ;羟脯氨酸 (Hyp)水平的变化 ;免疫组化染色观察α 平滑肌肌动蛋白 (α SMA)、转化生长因子 β1(TGF β1)及核因子κB(NFκBp65 )表达的情况 ;各组结果分别进行比较。结果　模型组大鼠肝内胶原面积明显高于对照组 ( 11 1± 2 0 9vs 0 73± 0 15 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,血清HA、Hyp及α SMA、TGF β1,NFκBp65在肝内的表达亦显著增高 (P <0 0 5 )。与模型组相比较 ,UDCA组肝内胶原面积无明显变化 ( 9 49±1 3 1vs 11 1± 2 0 9,P >0 0 5 ) ,其余指标在两组间均无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　一般剂量的UDCA对大鼠免疫性肝纤维化无显著改善作用     

苦参素穴位注射防治大鼠肝纤维化研究

[目的]观察苦参素足三里注射预防及治疗大鼠肝纤维化的疗效,并探讨其作用机制.[方法]采用CCl4诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,SD大鼠35只,随机分为5组:正常对照组、模型对照组、苦参素腹腔注射(OM ip)对照组、苦参素足三里(OM ZSL)注射治疗组、OM ZSL注射预防组.实验至10周末,测定血清透明质酸(HA)、谷氨酸转肽酶(GGT)及肝组织中羟脯氨酸(Hyp)、丙二醛(MDA)水平.VG染色观察肝细胞结构和肝纤维化程度;RT-PCR和蛋白酶谱法检测肝组织中基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)mRNA、MMP-2蛋白的表达.[结果]OM ZSL注射预防与治疗给药均能明显降低CCl4诱导肝纤维化大鼠HA、GGT、Hyp及MDA(P＜0.05,＜0.01).病理学观察,OM ZSL注射治疗与预防组大鼠胶原纤维沉积明显减轻,假小叶结构明显减少;且肝纤维化程度轻于治疗组;肝组织中MMP-2 mRNA、MMP-2活性蛋白的表达显著低于模型对照组(P ＜0.05,＜0.01).[结论]OM ZSL穴位注射对CCl4诱导的肝纤维化有较好的预防及治疗作用,其部分机制是通过减少脂质过氧化产物MDA,减少MMP-2 mRNA、MMP-2活性蛋白的表达,促进细胞外基质(ECM)的降解,抑制ECM沉积,从而减轻或逆转肝纤维化.     

氧化苦参碱预防半乳糖胺诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的实验研究

目的　观察氧化苦参碱预防大鼠肝纤维化的疗效并探讨其作用机制。方法　采用半乳糖胺诱导的大鼠肝纤维化模型 ,观察氧化苦参碱 ( 30mg/kg、90mg/kg)干预前后肝指数、血及肝组织生化、羟脯氨酸含量、TGFβ1mRNA表达水平、电镜及病理组织学改变。结果　氧化苦参碱预防组较模型组ALT、AST下降 ,肝组织羟脯氨酸含量及TGFβ1表达水平降低 (P <0 .0 1) ;预防组肝组织内SOD、GST PX较模型组升高 ,而MDA低于模型组 ;电镜显示肝细胞损伤减轻 ,病理组织学明显改善。免疫组化显示预防组desmin及α SMA的表达明显低于模型组。结论　氧化苦参碱对半乳糖胺诱导的肝纤维化有预防作用 ,其机制为通过抗脂质过氧化而保护肝细胞、抑制肝星状细胞活化 ,从而抑制纤维生成。     

大黄酸对大鼠肝纤维化形成的影响

目的观察大黄酸对肝纤维化形成的影响。方法采用体积分数60％的CCl4及5％的乙醇制备肝纤维化动物模型,分别用小剂量、大剂量大黄酸干预,测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)及肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量,免疫组织化学方法观察抗转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1)、α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的表达情况,并观察肝组织胶原面积及病理变化。 结果(1)血清ALT(U/L)、HA(μg/L)、PCⅢ(μg/L)水平及肝组织中MDA(nmol/mg)含量,大黄酸大剂量组分别为78±18、217±75、16±6和1.88±0.34,模型对照组分别为150±16、321±97、31±14和3.67±0.68,两组比较t值分别为7.831、2.977、3.249和6.751,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01)。肝组织中SOD活性(NU/mg蛋白)大黄酸大剂量组为91.26±14.04,模型对照组为62.45±8.74(t=4.453,P<0.01)。(2)肝组织中TGFβ1、α-SMA的表达显著减少(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(3)肝组织胶原面积明显减少,纤维化程度明显改善(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论大黄酸具有保肝作用和抗肝纤维化作用,其作用机制可能与其抗炎、抗氧化作用及抑制TGFβ1的活性、抑制肝星状细胞活化有关。     

肝力克对肝纤维化大鼠肝组织转化生长因子β1 mRNA表达的影响

[目的 ]探讨中药复方肝力克对肝纤维化大鼠肝组织转化生长因子 β1(TGF β1)mRNA表达的影响。 [方法 ]用 4 0 ?l4皮下注射建立SD大鼠肝纤维化模型。造模结束后 ,给予不同剂量的肝力克和秋水仙碱灌胃治疗 9周。采用原位杂交法观察大鼠肝组织中TGF β1mRNA的表达情况。 [结果 ]肝纤维化模型组大鼠肝组织TGF β1mRNA阳性表达较正常对照组明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ;应用肝力克大、中、小剂量和秋水仙碱治疗后 ,大鼠肝组织TGF β1mRNA阳性表达均较肝纤维化模型组明显降低 (P <0 .0 1,<0 .0 5 )。肝纤维化模型组大鼠肝组织纤维化计分与TGF β1表达程度呈明显正相关 (r =0 .80 1,P <0 .0 1)。 [结论 ]肝纤维化大鼠肝组织TGF β1mRNA表达程度与肝纤维化的发生发展有密切关系 ;中药肝力克降低肝纤维化大鼠肝组织TGF β1mRNA的表达可能是其抗肝纤维化的作用途径之一。     

TGF-β1Ⅱ型受体部分基因表达质粒对实验性大鼠肝纤维化的影响

目的　观察缺陷型TGF β1 Ⅱ型受体表达质粒在大白鼠体内阻断TGF β1 的作用后对免疫性大鼠肝纤维化的影响。方法　运用基因重组技术 ,构建人的含有细胞外结合区、跨膜区和少量细胞质区的缺陷型TGF β1 Ⅱ型受体真核细胞表达质粒 ,经脂质体包埋后 ,通过腹腔注射将其导入免疫性大鼠肝纤维化模型体内 ,观察其对大鼠肝纤维化的影响。结果　早期接受缺陷型TGF β1 Ⅱ型受体表达质粒治疗的大鼠 ,其血清透明质酸 (HA)、层黏连蛋白 (LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原 (PCⅢ )、Ⅳ型胶原 (Ⅳ C)的水平均比模型组低 (P <0 .0 1) ,晚期组与模型组之间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;在病理形态学的观察方面 ,早期、晚期运用缺陷型TGF β1 Ⅱ型受体表达质粒进行治疗 ,均可使大鼠肝纤维化程度较模型组减轻 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　在肝纤维化形成的早期应用缺陷型TGF β1 Ⅱ型受体表达质粒进行治疗可以预防肝纤维化的形成 ,而晚期应用只能阻止肝纤维化的进一步发展 ,尚不能有效逆转肝纤维化     

氧化苦参碱预防肝纤维化的实验研究

目的　观察氧化苦参碱预防大鼠肝纤维化的疗效并探讨其作用机制。方法　建立半乳糖胺和二甲基亚硝胺大鼠肝纤维化模型 ,观察氧化苦参碱 (3 0mg/kg、90mg/kg)预防前后肝指数、血及肝组织生化、羟脯氨酸含量、TGFβ1mRNA表达、电镜及病理组织学改变。结果　氧化苦参碱预防组较模型组肝功能改善、肝组织羟脯氨酸含量及TGFβ1表达水平降低 (P <0 .0 1) ;预防组肝组织内SOD、GST PX较模型组升高 ,而MDA低于模型组 ;电镜显示肝细胞损伤减轻 ,病理组织学明显改善。结论　氧化苦参碱对半乳糖胺及二甲基亚硝胺诱导的肝纤维化均有预防作用 ,其主要机制为抗脂质过氧化、保护肝细胞和抑制肝星状细胞活化 ,从而抑制纤维生成等     

Leptin administration exacerbates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in mice

AIM: To investigate the effects of leptin administration on liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA). METHODS: Twenty-four male C57Bl/6 mice were randomly allocated into four groups, which were intra-peritoneally given saline (2 mL/kg), leptin (1 mg/kg), TAA (200 mg/kg), TAA (200 mg/kg) plus leptin (1 mg/kg) respectively, thrice a week. All mice were killed after 4 wk. The changes in biochemical markers, such as the levels of alanine aminot-ransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver were determined. For histological analysis, liver tissues were fixed with 10% buffered formalin, embedded with paraffin. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and picric acid-Sirius red dyeing were performed. The level of α1(I) procollagen mRNA in liver tissues was analyzed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Apparent liver fibrosis was found in TAA group and TAA plus leptin group. Compared to saline group, the levels of ALT and AST in serum and MDA in liver increased in TAA group (205.67±27.69 U/L vs50.67±10.46 U/L, 177.50±23.65 U/L vs 76.33±12.27 U/L, 2.60±0.18 nmol/mg pro vs 1.91±0.14 nmol/mg pro, P<0.01) and in TAA plus leptin group (256.17±22.50 U/L vs 50.67±10.46 U/L, 234.17±27.37 U/L vs 76.33±12.27 U/L, 2.97±0.19 nmol/mg pro vs 1.91±0.14 nmol/mg pro,P<0.01). The level of SOD in livers decreased (51.80±8.36 U/mg pro vs 81.52±11.40 U/mg pro, 35.78±6.11 U/mg pro vs 81.52± 11.40 U/mg pro, P<0.01) and the level of α1(I) procollagen mRNA in liver tissues also increased (0.28±0.04 vs 0.11± 0.02, 0.54±0.07 vs 0.11±0.02, P<0.01). But no significant changes were found in leptin group and saline group. Compared to TAA group, ALT, AST, MDA, and α1(I) procollagen mRNA and grade of liver fibrosis in TAA plus leptin group increased (256.17±22.50 U/L vs 205.67± 27.69 U/L, P<0.05; 234.17±27.37 U/L vs 177.50±23.65 U/L, P<0.05; 2.97±0.19 nmol/mg pro vs 2.60±0.18 nmol/mg pro,P<0.05; 0.54±0.07 vs 0.28±0.04, P<0.01; 3.17 vs 2.00, P<0.05), and the level of SOD in liver decreased (35.78±6.11 U/mg pro vs 51.80±8.36 U/mg pro, P<0.05). There were similar changes in the degree of type I collagen deposition confirmed by picric acid-Sirius red dyeing. CONCLUSION: Leptin can exacerbate the degree of TAA-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Leptin may be an important factor in the development of liver fibrosis.     

依达拉奉对实验性肝纤维化大鼠脂质过氧化的影响

目的探讨依达拉奉（EDA）对实验性肝纤维化大鼠脂质过氧化的影响。方法以四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型。30只Sprague—Dawley大鼠随机分为对照组（10只）、肝纤维化模型组（10只）和EDA防治组（10只）。检测各组大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平及肝组织羟脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性。结果EDA防治大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶水平分别为714．2±28．2U／L和766．0±11．0U／L,较模型组（1110．3±45．9U／L和1640．3±26．7U／L,P〈0．05和P〈0．01）明显降低;EDA组大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸和丙二醛含量分别为0．4±0．1μg／mg和5．5±2．3nmol／gl,较模型组（0．8±0．1μg／mg和7．5±2．1nmol／gl,P均〈0．01）显著下降;EDA组大鼠超氧化物歧化酶活性为129．7±2．3u／g,较模型组（933±3．9u／g,P〈0．01）明显升高;EDA组和模型组大鼠肝组织纤维化评分分别为2．7±1．0和3．5±0．7,差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论EDA对大鼠肝纤维化有一定的防治作用,其机制很可能与抗脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

Effects of AT1 receptor antagonist, Iosartan, on rat hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4

AIM To investigate effect of Iosartan, an AT1 receptor antagonist, on hepatic fibrosis induced by CCI4; and to determine whether or not AT1 receptors are expressed on hepatic stellate cells. M~THODS AND RESULTS Fifty male SpragueDawley rats, weighing (180 ± 20) g, were randomized into five groups (control group, model group, and three Iosartan treated groups ), in which all rats were given the subcutaneous injection of 40% CCl4 (every 3 days for 6 weeks) except for rats of control group. Rats of Iosartantreated groups were treated with Iosartan (20 mg/ kg, 10 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, daily gavage). After 6 weeks liver tissue and serum samples of all rats were examined. Serum hyaluronic acid (HA), procollagen type Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ ) were detected by radioimmunoassays. van Giesion collagen staining was used to evaluate the extracellular matrix of rats with liver fibrosis. The expression of AT1 receptors, transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in liver tissue were determined by immunohistochemical techniques. Compared with model group, serum ALT and AST of Iosartantreated groups were significantly reduced (t = 4.20, P < 0.01 and t = 4.57, P < 0.01 ). Serum HA and PC Ⅲ also had significant differences (t = 3.53, P<0.01 and t=2.20, P<0.05). The degree of fibrosis was improved by Iosartan and correlated with the expressions of AT1 receptors, TGF-β, and α-SMA in liver tissue. CONCLUSION AT1 receptor antagonist, Iosartan, could limit the progression of the hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4. The mechanism may be related to the decrease in the expression of AT1 receptors and TGF-β, ameliorating the injury of hepatocytes; activation of local renin-angiotensin system might relate to hepatic fibrosis; and during progression of fibrosis, activated hepatic stellate cells might express AT1 receptors.     

四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化脂质过氧化相关蛋白表达的动态变化及一贯煎的干预效应

目的 探讨四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导大鼠肝纤维化脂质过氧化相关蛋白表达的动态变化及一贯煎的干预效应.方法 Wistar雄性大鼠57只,其中模型组39只,正常组18只.模型大鼠腹腔注射50％的CCl4橄榄油溶液(1ml/lg),每周2次,共9周.造模3、6周后,随机抽取正常及模型大鼠各6只,处死作动态观察.其余模型大鼠随机分为模型组15只及干预组12只,模型组大鼠在8周时处死4只观察成模情况.第7周开始,继续造模的同时,干预组用一贯煎(2.682 g/kg)蒸馏水稀释灌胃,1次/d,共计3周.用药3周结束后,处死大鼠,检测肝功能、肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)和丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性,以及热休克蛋白70 (HSP70)、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)、转铁蛋白(Transferrin)、过氧化还原酶(Prxd)6、肝脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白(L-FABP)等的表达.计量资料采用单因素方差分析,计数资料采用Ridit分析. 结果 (1)与对照组比较,模型组大鼠6、9周时肝组织MDA含量显著升高[(4.23±0.45) nmol/mg比(2.22±0.59)nmol/mg; (6.29±1.23) nmol/mg比(2.22±0.59) nmol/mg,F值分别为60.13、66.99,P值均＜ 0.05];SOD活性显著降低[(196.94±39.20) U/mg比(264.50±30.44)U/mg,F=11.12,P＜ 0.05; (152.21±51.65) U/mg比(264.50±30.44) U/mg,F=23.11,P＜0.01];GSH含量显著降低[(48.47±7.27) nmol/mg比(60.74±9.04) nmol/mg,F=6.71,P＜0.05;(37.89±9.01) nmol/mg比(60.74±9.04)nmol/mg,F=24.06,P＜0.01];与9周模型组比较,干预组MDA显著降低[(4.25±0.86) nmol/mg比(6.29±1.23) nmol/mg,F=19.52,P＜ 0.01],SOD显著升高[(198.35±46.48) U/mg比(152.21±51.65) U/mg,F=4.65,P＜0.05],GSH显著升高[(53.73±7.54) nmol/mg比(37.89±9.01) nmol/mg,F=19.23,P＜0.01];(2)与正常组比较,9周时模型组大鼠HSP70蛋白表达量升高(1.21±0.06比0.58±0.07,F=166.87,P＜0.0l),HO-1蛋白表达量也升高(1.11±0.06比0.58±0.06,F=123.96,P＜ 0.01),Prdx6蛋白表达量降低(0.04±0.05比1.49±0.05,F=1215.85,P＜0.01),L-FABP表达量降低(0.24±0.02比1.44±0.14,F=219.05,P＜0.01),Transferrin蛋白表达量降低(0.67±0.03比1.67±0.04,F=301.35,P＜0.01).9周时,干预组HSP70和HO-1蛋白表达量分别为0.82±0.04、0.90±0.04,与9周时模型组比较,F值分别为92.31、26.89,P值均＜0.01,差异有统计学意义;9周时,干预组Prdx6、L-FABP和Transferrin蛋白表达分别为0.88±0.11、1.36±0.13、1.04±0.12,与9周时模型组比较,F值分别为150.17、237.19、27.53,P值均＜0.01,差异有统计学意义. 结论 一贯煎具有促进机体抗氧化物质生成、减轻脂质过氧化损伤的作用.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者拉米夫定治疗后肝组织学的改变

目的 评价国产拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者1年后肝组织学改变。方法 口服拉米夫定100mg,每日1次,疗程1年,治疗前、后均接受肝穿刺活检的慢性乙型肝炎患者101例。按照Kondell组织学活动指数(HAI)双盲评价肝组织学改变。结果 治疗后53.5％(54/101)患者肝组织学改善(治疗后HAI积分下降≥2),HAI积分由治疗前的8.0±4.7下降至治疗后5.2±3.3(t=7.358,P<0.01);其中51.5％(52/101)患者坏死炎症程度改善(治疗后积分下降≥2),坏死炎症积分由5.9±3.8下降至3.6±2.5;31.7％(32/101)患者纤维化程度改善(治疗后积分下降≥1),纤维化积分由2.1±1.2下降至1.6±1.2(t-3.827,P<0.01)。无论治疗结束是否发生乙型肝炎病毒e抗原血清转换,患者的肝脏组织学均明显改善。结论 国产拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎1年后,肝组织学的坏死炎症和肝纤维化程度均获明显改善。     

5-Fluorouracil concentration in blood, liver and tumor tissues and apoptosis of tumor cells after preoperative oral 5＇-deoxy-5-fluorouridine in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To study the levels of 5-fluorouracail (5-FU) in plasma, liver and tumor in patients with hepatoceilular carcinoma after oral administration of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR). METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with hepatoceilular carcinoma were treated with oral 5'-DFUR for more than 4 d before operation. The contents of 5-FU in plasma, liver and tumor were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and apoptosis of tumor cells was evaluated by in-situ TUNEL after resection of tumor. RESULTS: The concentrations of 5-FU were 1.1 μg/mL, 5.6, 5.9, and 10.5 μg/g in plasma, the liver tissue, the center of tumor and the periphery of tumor, respectively. 5-FU concentration was significantly higher in the periphery of tumor than that in the liver tissue and the center of tumor (10.5±1.6 μg/g vs 5.6±0.8 μg/g, t = 21.38, P<0.05; 10.5±1.6 μg/g vs 5.9±0.9 μg/g, t = 20.07, P<0.05). 5-FU level was significantly lower in plasma than that in the liver and the tumor (1.1±0.3 μg/mL vs 5.6±0.8 μg/g, t = 19.63, P<0.05; 1.1±0.3 μg/mL vs 10.5±1.6 μg/g, t= 41.01, P<0.05). Apoptosis of tumor cells was significantly increased after oral 5'-DFUR compared to the control group without 5-DFUR treatment. CONCLUSION: There is a higher concentration of 5-FU distributed in the tumor compared with liver tissue and apoptosis of tumor cells is increased following oral 5'-DFUR compared with the control group. The results indicate that 5'-DFUR is hopeful as neo-adjuvant chemotherapy to prevent recurrence after resection of hepatoceilular carcinoma.     

Effects of AT1 receptor antagonist, losartan, on rat hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl(4)

AIM:To investigate effect of losartan, an AT1 receptor antagonist, on hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl(4); and to determine whether or not AT1 receptors are expressed on hepatic stellate cells. METHODS AND RESULTS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing (180 plus minus20)g, were randomized into five groups (control group, model group, and three losartan treated groups), in which all rats were given the subcutaneous injection of 40% CCl(4)(every 3 days for 6 weeks) except for rats of control group. Rats of losartan-treated groups were treated with losartan (20 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, daily gavage). After 6 weeks liver tissue and serum samples of all rats were examined. Serum hyaluronic acid (HA), procollagen type III (PC III) were detected by radioimmunoassays. van Giesion collagen staining was used to evaluate the extracellular matrix of rats with liver fibrosis. The expression of AT1 receptors, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and alpha-smooth muscle actinalpha-SMA) in liver tissue were determined by immunohistochemical techniques. Compared with model group, serum ALT and AST of losartan-treated groups were significantly reduced (italic>t = 4.20,P < 0.01 and italic>t = 4.57,P < 0.01). Serum HA and PC III also had significant differences (italic>t = 3.53,P<0.01 and t=2.20, P<0.05). The degree of fibrosis was improved by losartan and correlated with the expressions of AT1 receptors, TGF-beta, and alpha-SMA in liver tissue.CONCLUSION:AT1 receptor antagonist, losartan, could limit the progression of the hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl(4). The mechanism may be related to the decrease in the expression of AT1 receptors and TGF-beta, ameliorating the injury of hepatocytes; activation of local renin-angiotensin system might relate to hepatic fibrosis; and during progression of fibrosis, activated hepatic stellate cells might express AT1 receptors.     

Blockage of transforming growth factor β receptors prevents progression of pig serum-induced rat liver fibrosis

AIM: To test the hypothesis that introduction of antisense TβR Ⅰ and TβR Ⅱ eukaryotic expressing plasmids into a rat model of immunologically induced liver fibrosis might block the action of TGF-β1 and halt the progression of liver fibrosis. METHODS: RT-Nest-PCR and gene recombination techniques were used to construct rat antisense TβR Ⅰ and TβR Ⅱ recombinant plasmids which could be expressed in eukaryotic cells. The recombinant plasmids and empty vector (pcDNA3) were encapsulated by glycosyl-poly-L-lysine and then transducted into rats of pig serum-induced liver fibrosis model. Expression of exogenously transfected gene was assessed by Northern blot, and hepatic expressions of TβR Ⅰ and TβR Ⅱ were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot.We also performed ELISA for serum TGF-β1, hydroxyproline of hepatic tissues, immunohistochemistry for collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ, and VG staining for pathological study of the liver tissues. RESULTS: The exogenous antisense TβR Ⅰ and TβR Ⅱ plasmids could be well expressed in vivo, and block mRNA and protein expression of TβR Ⅰ and TβR Ⅱ in the fibrotic liver at the level of mRNA respectively. These exogenous plasmid expressions reduced the level of TGF-β1 (antisense TβR Ⅰ group 23.998+3.045 ng/mL, antisense TβR Ⅱ group 23.156+3.131 ng/mL, disease control group 32.960+3.789 ng/mL; F-=-38.19, 36.73, P&lt;0.01). Compared with disease control group, the contents of hepatic hydroxyproline (antisense TβR Ⅰ group 0.169+0.015 mg/g liver, antisense TβR Ⅱ group 0.167+0.009 mg/g liver, disease control group 0.296+0.026 mg/g liver; F=14.39, 15.48, P&lt;0.01) and the deposition of collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ decreased in the two antisense treatment groups(antisense TβR Ⅰ group, collagen type Ⅰ 669.90+50.67, collagen type Ⅲ 657.29+49.48; antisense TβR Ⅱ group, collagen type Ⅰ 650.26+51.51, collagen type Ⅲ 661.58+55.28; disease control group, collagen type I 1209.44+116.60, collagen type Ⅲ 1175.14+121.44; F=15.48 to 74.89, P&lt;0.01). Their expression also improved the pathologic classification of liver fibrosis models (compared with disease control group, X^2=17.14, 17.24, P&lt;0.01). No difference was found in the level of TGF-β1, the contents of hepatic hydroxyproline and collagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ and pathologic grade between pcDNA3 control group and disease control group or between the two antisense treatment groups (F=0.11 to1.06, X^2=0.13 to 0.16, P&gt;0.05). CONCLUSION: Antisense TβR Ⅰ and TβR Ⅱ recombinant plasmids have certain reverse effects on liver fibrosis and can be used as possible candidates for gene therapy.