天津市居民超重肥胖流行趋势及与慢性病的关系

目的 了解天津市居民超重和肥胖患病状况,并分析与其他慢性病的关系.方法 于2006年采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法分别抽取天津市城区、农村、滨海新区居民1 327人、1 077人、482人,共计2 886人,对调查对象进行体格测量和实验室检查,分析超重、肥胖及中心型肥胖在人群的分布及与其他慢性病的相对危险度.结果 天津市居民超重率为30.4%,肥胖率为15.5%,中心型肥胖率为48.6%;超重率、肥胖率及中心型肥胖率均以老年人(60岁～)最高(χ2值分别为38.95,48.23,84.91,均P<0.05).城市、农村、滨海新区超重率均为男性高于女性(χ2值分别为14.15,5.32,22.54,均P<0.05),而中心型肥胖率相反(χ2值分别为15.52,34.46,29.54,均P<0.05),肥胖率在城市为男性高于女性(χ2=5.41,P<0.05),而在农村及滨海新区为男性低于女性(χ2值分别为15.90,8.49,均P<0.05).超重可增加患高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、冠心病的风险(OR值分别为2.54,1.17,1.32,1.49),中心型肥胖会增加患高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、冠心病的风险(OR值分别为4.63,1.94,1.62.2.61).结论 天津市居民超重、肥胖及中心型肥胖率均较高,且是主要慢性病的危险因素.     

辛辣食物摄入增加超重和肥胖的风险

目的探究人群中辛辣食物摄入与超重和肥胖的关系,为肥胖膳食预防提供理论依据。方法本研究数据来自中国慢性病前瞻性研究(China Kadoorie Biobank,CKB)哈尔滨市2004—2008年的横断面人群,采用整群随机抽样方法纳入57 555名30～79岁(男性23 254人,女性34 301人)研究对象。通过面对面问卷调查获得人口学信息及吸烟、饮酒等生活习惯信息,采用食物频率问卷获取各类食物包括辛辣食物摄入信息,体格检查获得身高、体重等指标,并应用Logistic回归方法分析辛辣食物摄入及其与偏爱肉食/素食膳食习惯的交互作用对超重与肥胖风险的影响。结果与摄入辛辣食物频率低的人群相比,摄入辛辣食物频率高的人群超重和肥胖的风险在男性中增加了29%(OR=1.285,95%CI 1.251～1.319,P<0.001),在女性中增加了33%(OR=1.329,95%CI 1.294～1.364,P<0.001)。与摄入微辣食物的人群相比,摄入极辣食物人群男女超重和肥胖的风险分别增加了20%(OR=1.198, 95%CI 1.137～1.259,P=0.011)和19%(OR=1.194, 95%CI 1.141～1.247,P=0.003)。在男性人群中,偏好肉食,且辛辣食物摄入频率及程度高的人群,超重和肥胖的风险最高,偏好肉食/素食的膳食习惯与辛辣食物摄入两因素间存在交互作用(P<0.001)。结论辛辣食物的摄入可能增加超重和肥胖的风险,同时减少辛辣食物和肉食的摄入可能能够更有效地预防超重和肥胖。     

天津市社区成年人超重肥胖与高血压关系

目的了解天津市社区成年人超重、肥胖与高血压患病率的关系,为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法按分层整群随机抽样方法,于2007年9月—2009年7月抽取天津市内18岁及以上23 533名常住居民进行调查。结果高血压患病率有随BMI增高而增高的趋势,正常体重组、超重组和肥胖组的高血压患病率分别为20.1%,37.5%和52.2%,青年人中超重、肥胖者患高血压风险更大(男性OR值分别为2.737和5.236;女性OR值分别为3.744和7.360),大于中年组(男性OR值分别为1.913和4.090;女性OR值分别为2.099和3.942)和老年组(男性OR值分别为1.671和2.848;女性OR值分别为1.674和2.685)。结论与正常体重相比,超重和肥胖者患高血压危险增加。控制青年人群的超重和肥胖的发生率对于降低该人群的高血压患病水平有重要意义。     

中国成年人辣食摄入与唇、口腔及咽部恶性肿瘤发病风险的前瞻性队列研究

目的探索我国成年人辣食摄入与唇、口腔及咽部恶性肿瘤(LOCPs)发病风险的关联。方法主要利用中国慢性病前瞻性研究项目的基线调查及随访数据, 采用Cox比例风险回归模型估计辣食摄入频率、辣度及开始每周摄入辣食的年龄与LOCPs发病风险之间的关联。结果本研究共纳入510 145名研究对象, 其中每天摄入辣食者占30.1%。在平均随访10.8(2.0)年期间, 共确诊767例LOCPs, 发病率为0.15%。在调整多种潜在混杂因素后, LOCPs的发病风险随着辣食摄入频率的增加而降低(趋势P=0.003), 与从不或偶尔摄入辣食的人群相比, 每天摄入辣食者风险比(HR)值(95%CI)为0.69(0.54～0.88)。偏好中等辣度的人群LOCPs风险最低, 相比于从不或偶尔摄入辣食的人群降低了33%[0.67(95%CI:0.52～0.87)]。开始每周摄入辣食的年龄越晚, 辣食摄入行为对LOCPs发病风险的保护作用越强(趋势P=0.004), 18岁及以后开始摄入辣食者LOCPs发病的HR值(95%CI)为0.70(0.54～0.92)。结论辣食摄入可能与LOCPs发病风险降低有关, 且独...     

更年期女性骨密度及其影响因素分析

目的分析更年期女性骨密度(BMD)及其影响因素,为提高此人群骨健康提供依据。方法选择2018年1月至12月在兵器工业521医院体检的484例更年期女性为研究对象,采用调查问卷方式记录基本资料,双能X线BMD检测仪检测腰椎、髋部、前臂的BMD,多因素Logistic回归分析骨质疏松患者的相关因素。结果 484例调查对象中骨质疏松(OP)者95例(19.62%),低骨量者146例(30.17%)。骨质疏松组产次显著高于骨量正常组(t=2.547,P<0.05),而豆制品、海产品、牛奶及鸡蛋摄入率显著低于骨量正常组(χ~2值分别为14.072、14.228、5.375、6.108,均P<0.05),且户外运动、钙剂补充及使用绝经激素治疗(MHT)率均显著低于骨量正常组(χ~2值分别为6.605、21.121、4.191,均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:多次生产是更年期女性骨质疏松的危险因素(OR=1.654,P<0.05),豆制品摄入、海产品摄入、牛奶摄入、鸡蛋摄入、户外运动、钙剂补充、使用MHT是保护因素(OR值0.274~0.580,均P<0.05)。绝经前组女性腰椎、髋部及前臂BMD均显著高于绝经后组(t值分别为2.908、2.774、2.853,均P<0.05),而低骨量和OP患病率均显著低于绝经后组(χ~2值分别为8.717、7.657,均P<0.05)。结论更年期女性骨健康受生育次数、生活习惯、钙剂补充、绝经状态及MHT等多种因素影响,此人群应监测BMD,尽早预防骨质疏松。     

天津市某镇老年人冠心病患病情况及相关因素

目的了解农村老年人冠心病的患病情况以及相关因素,为冠心病的预防控制提供科学依据。方法 2008年对天津市某镇13个村委会的60岁及以上的常住居民2 755人进行问卷调查及体格检查等,应用非条件logistic回归分析冠心病的影响因素,计算OR值及其95%CI,并对可能的混杂因素进行调整。结果研究人群中冠心病的患病率为9.8%,女性冠心病患病率(11.9%)高于男性(7.1%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.262,P0.01)。全身性肥胖人群冠心病患病率(12.5%)高于非全身性肥胖人群(9.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.030,P0.05);中心性肥胖人群冠心病患病率(10.4%)高于非中心性肥胖人群(6.4%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.409,P0.05)。多因素回归分析结果表明,女性、中心性肥胖、高血压和冠心病家族史与老年人冠心病的高风险有关,其OR值(95%CI)分别为1.775(1.257~2.506)、2.166(1.192~3.937)、1.565(1.173~2.087)和4.949(2.915~8.400)。结论研究人群冠心病的患病率较高,应针对女性、中心性肥胖、高血压人群和冠心病家族史人群进行干预,以降低该地区老年人冠心病的患病率。     

贵州成人腰围体质指数与高血压的关系研究

目的:采用腰围、体质指数综合评价成人高血压患病风险。方法:按多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取贵州省12个县(市/区)18岁及以上9280名常驻居民进行调查。结果:高血压患病率有随BMI增高而增高的趋势,正常体重组、超重组和肥胖组的高血压患病率分别为22.37%、36.59%和51.73%,青年人中肥胖人群患高血压风险最大男性OR=4.171(95%CI=2.872~6.058),女性OR=5.071(95%CI=3.402~7.560),而在超重人群中则以老年组患高血压风险最大,男性OR=1.983(95%CI=1.339~2.937),女性OR=2.503(95%CI=1.801~3.479)。结论:与正常体重相比,超重肥胖人群患高血压危险逐步增加,控制青年人肥胖和老年人群超重对于降低人群的高血压患病水平有重要意义。     

江西省城乡社区人群超重和肥胖的流行现状分析

目的了解江西省城乡社区人群超重和肥胖的流行状况。方法采用中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)建议的我国体重指数(BMI)的分类标准,对城乡社区中20～69岁人群进行超重和肥胖的流行现状分析。结果城市社区人群超重现患率和肥胖现患率(18.3%,2.3%)高于农村(12.7%,1.3%),城市社区女性(19.7%,2.7%)高于男性(17.3%,1.9%),农村则男性(14.3%,1.5%)高于女性(11.5%,1.3%),差别均具有显著性(P<0.01);超重与肥胖的现患率随年龄的增加而上升,5059岁达到高峰;城乡社区不同文化程度人群及不同职业人群超重和肥胖现患率组均存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论超重和肥胖的防治应采取全人群与高危人群相结合的综合防治策略,特别是要从儿童抓起,根据城乡社区人群的不同特点提出有针对性的防治措施。     

南通市成人常见慢性病患病情况调查

目的了解南通市18周岁以上居民常见慢性病的流行情况,为慢性病综合防控提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,随机抽取了62 526名成人作为调查对象,进行了问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查,获得了常见慢性病的患病率。结果调查人群高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中、血脂异常、肥胖患病率分别为26.92%、8.17%、2.21%、1.81%、39.77%、10.09%,城市主要慢病患病率均高于农村(χ2值分别为517.7022、384.8696、13.1766、13.5224、314.8,P<0.05),女性的糖尿病、冠心病、血脂异常、肥胖患病率明显高于男性(χ2值分别为71.4890、4.3939、14.5542、171.535,P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中、血脂异常患病率随年龄增长而升高(趋势χ2值分别为6317.89、1 053.55、258.14、1 106.05、79.62,P<0.05)。结论南通市成人常见慢性病患病率较高,应加大健康四大基石的宣传教育,并加强农村地区的健康筛查。     

四川城乡成人超重、肥胖流行病学分析

[目的]了解四川省城乡成年人超重、肥胖流行特征及其影响因素,为预防控制肥胖提供科学依据。[方法]利用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查四川省调查资料,对6249名18岁以上人群的超重、肥胖现状及影响因素进行流行病学分析。[结果]体重指数均值22.65,腰围均值79.83cm,二者都随年龄增加而增大。超重、肥胖的现患率分别为23.44%和5.97%,标化率分别为22.25%和5.53%;超重、肥胖现患率城市(分别为31.85%、10.15%)高于农村(19.11%和3.87%),女性(24.50%、6.71%)高于男性(21.84%、5.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。中心性肥胖患病率为27.03%,男23.85%、女29.50%,女性明显高于男性(P﹤0.01)。Logistic回归结果显示,年龄、性别、家庭人均年收入、吸烟、城乡、体力活动是影响超重、肥胖的主要因素。[结论]超重和肥胖已成为影响四川省成年居民的重要健康问题,必须采取平衡膳食、增加体力活动等措施进行综合防治,减少肥胖带来的危害。     

Folate intake estimated with an updated database and its association to blood folate and homocysteine in Korean college students

OBJECTIVE: To measure folate content in cooked foods commonly consumed in Korea for evaluating its relation to folate nutriture of college students. DESIGN: Folate content in 32 raw and cooked foods was measured by microbiological assay after trienzyme extraction. These values and the previously published values of 110 raw foods commonly consumed in Korea were used to update the currently available food tables to estimate dietary folate intake of 106 students based on a 3-day 24-h recall. The association of folate intake with blood folate and homocysteine concentrations was evaluated. SETTING: Cheongju, Korea. SUBJECTS: Healthy college students aged 18 to 27 y old (44 males and 62 females). RESULTS: The average folate loss in 32 foods caused by cooking was 29%. The mean daily dietary folate intakes estimated with an updated database were 406 and 305 mug in males and females, respectively. About 10% of both male and female students showed low serum folate (<6.8 nmol/l). Folate intake was positively correlated with serum and erythrocyte folate concentrations in female students (r=0.27 and 0.29, respectively, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with serum homocysteine in male students (r=-0.41, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Mean dietary folate intake was higher than those of previous studies since the database was updated using values obtained with trienzyme extraction. Folate intake for the general population should be re-evaluated using reliable food folate values obtained with trienzyme extraction.     

单餐大份量进食是儿童单纯性肥胖的饮食危险因素

目的了解儿童单餐摄食量与肥胖的关系,探索儿童单纯性肥胖的饮食危险因素。方法设计问卷,对202名超重肥胖儿童和209名正常体重儿童进行图片法食量评估、24h膳食回顾、饮食行为及家庭环境等调查。采用logistic回归方法分析儿童单纯性肥胖的饮食危险因素。结果肥胖儿童在单餐进食份量(P<0.05)、每日总能量(P<0.05)及供能营养素摄入量(P<0.05)上明显高于对照组,蔬菜摄入量则低于对照组(P<0.05)。食物图片法分析儿童食量的结果与24h膳食调查结果一致。多因素校正后的回归分析显示儿童肥胖与单餐进食份量(午餐OR=1.003,P<0.05、晚餐OR=1.002,P<0.05)、晚餐能量密度(OR=2.260,P<0.05)、蛋白质摄入量(OR=1.027,P<0.05)密切相关,与总能量及脂肪摄入量无关(P>0.05)。结论单餐大份量、高能量密度进食是儿童肥胖的饮食危险因素,食物图片法可以对儿童日常食量作出良好评价,结合食量及食物能量密度分析的方法能更全面地反映儿童肥胖发生的风险。     

2008-2018年北京城区某体检人群不健康饮食长期变化趋势

  目的  描述2008-2018年北京市城区年龄≥20岁体检人群不健康饮食的长期变化趋势,为人群膳食干预提供证据。  方法  以2008-2018年在北京美兆健康体检中心进行体检的人群为研究对象,采用半定量食物频率问卷进行膳食调查,获得北京市城市居民部分不健康饮食信息,包括含糖饮料、油炸类、腌制类食物、方便面及酱油等含盐佐料的日均摄入量,采取Meta回归分析描述其时间变化趋势。  结果  共纳入232 702人次,经性别和年龄标化后,2008-2018年北京城市居民油炸类食物的日均摄入量呈上升趋势,上升幅度为0.23 g/年(P < 0.001);方便面的日均摄入量呈下降趋势,下降幅度为0.26 g/年(P < 0.001);含糖饮料和腌制食物摄入量有下降趋势(均有P < 0.05),酱油等含盐佐料变化无统计学意义(P=0.073),除腌制类食物上述趋势在男女性中均表现为低年龄组变化趋势更明显(均有P < 0.05)。  结论  2008-2018年,北京城市居民不健康饮食摄入存在长期变化趋势,且以年轻人变化更为明显,提示了人群膳食干预的重点。     

The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 is able to distinguish among different eating patterns in a general population

A revised version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) was developed in an obese population, but its applicability to the general population was not assessed. We aimed to define the relationship between eating behavior and reported food intake. This was a cross-sectional study of 529 middle-aged adults and 358 teenagers and young adults recruited on a geographical basis. The TFEQ-R18 measures 3 aspects of eating behavior: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating. Reported food intake was calculated from a food frequency questionnaire. Girls who scored higher on restrained eating had a lower energy intake than the other girls (9164 kJ vs. 13,163 kJ, P < 0.001). In adult men, energy intake increased with UE (9663 kJ vs. 11,029 kJ in the lower and higher UE tertiles, respectively, P < 0.05). When specific food groups were analyzed, higher CR was positively associated in adults with healthy food groups like green vegetables [OR = 1.92 (0.68-2.44)] and negatively associated with French fries [OR = 0.35 (0.22-0.57)] and sugar [OR = 0.38 (0.23-0.61)]. Energy-dense foods, such as fat, were positively associated with UE [OR = 2.28 (1.46-3.57) for dietary fat]. Finally, emotional eaters had a higher snacking food intake. In teenagers and young adults, most associations were seen with CR. Converse to observations in adults, teenagers and young adults who exhibited a high cognitive restraint reported consumption of fewer energy-dense foods rather than more "healthy foods." The TFEQ-R18 was therefore able to distinguish among different eating patterns in our sample of a French general population.     

Whole-fat dairy food intake is inversely associated with obesity prevalence: findings from the Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Luxembourg study

Because research focusing on dairy food consumption and the risk for obesity is inconsistent and only a few studies have even examined specific dairy products, in regard to type of food and fat content, in relation to obesity risk, this cross-sectional study investigated whether dairy food consumption is associated with the prevalence of global and abdominal obesity. Data were analyzed from 1352 participants in the Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Luxembourg survey. We hypothesized that higher total dairy food consumption would be independently associated with reduced prevalence of obesity. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to measure intakes of dairy foods. Odds for global obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m²) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference >102 cm for men and >88 cm for women) were determined based on total dairy food intake as well as intakes of individual low- and whole-fat dairy products (milk, yogurt, and cheese). Total dairy food intake was inversely associated with the likelihood of global obesity (odds ratio [OR], 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30-0.89; P < .05) and abdominal obesity (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.32-0.83; P < .01). Participants in the highest tertile of whole-fat dairy intakes (milk, cheese, yogurt) had significantly lower odds for being obese (global obesity: OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29-0.72; P < .01; abdominal obesity: OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.23-0.54; P < .001), compared with those in the lowest intake tertile, after full adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, dietary, and cardiovascular risk factor variables. Increasing consumption of dairy foods may have the potential to lower the prevalence of global and abdominal obesity.     

河南经济欠发达地区儿童青少年家庭喂养方式与肥胖的关系

目的 对河南经济欠发达地区中小学生家庭喂养方式及肥胖状况进行调查,了解之间存在的关系。方法 在方便抽样的原则下以班级为单位选取河南经济欠发达地区5所小学和中学的5 146名中小学生的及家庭父母进行问卷调查。结果 河南经济欠发达地区中小学生的肥胖率为7.68%。男生（8.42%）高于女生（6.91%）,差异具有统计学意义(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=4.11,P＜0.05)。在饮食速度过快、喜食甜品、喜食西餐、喜欢喝饮料方面肥胖学生的比例显著高于正常体重学生(χ2=6.04、17.47、5.84、3.75,P＜0.05);在喜食蔬菜方面正常体重学生的比例高于肥胖学生(χ2=8.24,P＜0.01)。正常体重学生的父母对子女饮食摄入量的干预、饮食结构的控制和对体重的重视比例均显著高于肥胖学生的家长(χ2=19.51、18.86、7.45,P＜0.01)。回归分析显示,饮食速度过快(OR=1.091)、喜食甜品(OR=2.475)、喜食西餐(OR=2.332)与中小学生肥胖之间存在正相关关系(P＜0.05);喜食蔬菜(OR=0.629)、对子女饮食结构的控制(OR=0.391)、对子女饮食摄入量的干预(OR=0.298)与中小学生肥胖的发生之间存在负相关关系(P＜0.05)。结论 河南经济欠发达地区中小学生肥胖问题严重,不良的饮食行为、父母认知行为不正确可引起学生肥胖。     

社区人群高尿酸血症危险因素的病例对照研究

目的 探讨社区人群(20岁以上)高尿酸血症的危险因素。方法 采用病例对照研究方法,对研究对象进行单因素与多因素logistic回归分析。结果 经单因素筛选,有17个暴露因素与高尿酸有关;多因素分析,有5个因素在P=0.05水平被选入,高甘油三酯(OR=3.069)、饮酒(OR=2.032)、肥胖(OR=1.802)、口味偏辣(OR=1.877)、高血糖(OR=1.622)在模型中是高尿酸血症的独立危险因素。结论 高尿酸血症是一种与环境和生活方式有关的疾病,改变生活方式,如减少饮酒和合理饮食结构可能预防或减少高尿酸血症的发生,进而减少痛风的发生。     

Phyto-oestrogen database of foods and average intake in Finland

Information on phyto-oestrogen intake in various populations has been scanty until now, primarily because data on the content of these compounds in foods were lacking. We report here on expansion of the Finnish National Food Composition Database (Fineli) with values for the plant lignans matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol and the isoflavones daidzein and genistein. The values, expressed as aglycones, were based on food analyses (mainly GC-MS) or imputed from analytical data for 180 foods for lignans and 160 foods for isoflavones; additionally, over 1000 values were derived from the recipe database of Fineli. Average intake of these phyto-oestrogens was calculated using food consumption data of the National Dietary Survey FINDIET 1997, which was carried out in a random sample of the adult population in five areas in Finland. The dietary data were collected by 24 h recall =2862). The mean lignan intake was 434 (standard deviation (SD) 1575) microg/d and the mean isoflavone intake was 788 (SD 673) microg/d. Women had a higher lignan density (microg lignans/MJ) in their diet than men (P<0.05). Men had a higher mean daily isoflavone intake, 902 (SD 368) microg, than women, 668 (SD 963) microg (P<0.05). The sources of lignans were many: seeds, cereals, fruit, berries and vegetables. The main sources of isoflavones appeared to be processed meat products/sausages containing soya as an ingredient, and legumes as such. The average intake of lignans and isoflavones in Finland seems to be low, but intake varies throughout the population.     

The Association between Portion Sizes from High-Energy-Dense Foods and Body Composition in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study

Obesity prevalence has been simultaneously increasing with high consumption of large food portion sizes (PS). However, there is scarce information on PS of energy-dense (ED) foods as a potential risk factor of obesity in adolescents. In the present study, we investigate the association between the PS of the most ED foods and body composition. A sample of 1889 adolescents (54.4% females) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence cross-sectional multicenter study (HELENA–CSS) study were included. Most ED foods (e.g., cheese) were selected according to higher fat and/or sugar content and low fiber and water. Linear and ordinal logistic regression models were adjusted for age, physical activity, total energy intake (TEI), and socioeconomic status (SES). Analysis was performed both in those adolescents reporting plausible energy intake according to the approach of Goldberg et al. and in the whole sample. In male plausible reporters, PS from “breakfast cereals” showed a significant and positive association with BMI (β = 0.012; 0.048). PS from “carbonated soft drinks” in males (OR = 1.001; 95% CI 1.000; 1.002) and “bread and rolls” in females (OR = 1.002; 95% CI 1.000; 1.004) were associated with higher probability of having obesity, while “sweet bakery products” were associated with lower probability of having obesity (OR = 0.996; 95% CI 0.991; 0.999) in females. The present study suggests association between PS of ED foods and obesity in European adolescents. Prospective studies are needed to examine the effect of prolonged exposure to large PS and obesity development.     

成都市小学生肥胖调查及综合干预的效果分析

目的调查成都市小学生肥胖情况并分析综合干预的效果。方法选择成都市1500名儿童进行健康体检及问卷调查,分析肥胖发生率及影响因素,将肥胖儿童随机分为对照组(常规健康宣教)与干预组(综合管理)干预,比较干预效果。结果1500名儿童中肥胖儿童192名(12.80%);多因素回归分析显示,性别男(OR=1.881)、巨大儿(OR=1.790)、早产儿(OR=2.261)、家长肥胖(OR=1.774)、宵夜(OR=3.943,P<0.05)、进食速度快(OR=2.980)、嗜猪/鸡/牛等肉类(OR=1.956)、嗜油炸类食物(OR=1.662,P<0.05)、嗜甜品(OR=2.361)、喜食含糖饮料(OR=1.547)、运动不足(OR=2.428),家长对儿童体型的认知(OR=14.629,P<0.05)是儿童肥胖的危险因素(P<0.05);针对危险因素干预后,两组儿童肥胖指标水平均降低,且干预组低于对照组,干预组儿童依从性优良率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论性别男、巨大儿、家长肥胖、进食高热量食物、运动不足等是成都市小学生肥胖的危险因素,实施综合干预手段有助于减肥。