足跟慢性溃疡的修复

目的回顾分析外科治疗足跟慢性溃疡的临床资料、治疗方法及疗效。方法1997年5月～2006年12月,收治足跟慢性溃疡患者23例。男20例,女3例;年龄18～79岁,平均45.6岁。病程1个月～7年。良性溃疡18例,恶性溃疡5例。溃疡创面2.5cm×1.5cm～10.5cm×7.0cm。患者予以局部扩创或溃疡扩大切除后,采用足底内侧皮瓣修复7例,带足背皮神经的足背皮瓣修复1例,小腿前外侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复4例,腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复11例,切取皮瓣4.0cm×2.5cm～18.0cm×9.0cm。供区游离植皮覆盖。结果术后创面均期愈合。20例皮瓣完全成活,1例出现静脉危象,予以蒂部缝线拆除后成活;2例皮瓣远端部分坏死,经换药后愈合。供区植皮均成活,切口期愈合。21例获随访3个月～2年,平均11个月。皮瓣质地及外观良好,足底内侧皮瓣及足背皮瓣感觉恢复良好,小腿前外侧逆行岛状皮瓣及腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣痛温觉部分恢复。患足可正常负重,足跟溃疡未见复发。结论足跟慢性溃疡以预防为主,创面应早期手术行皮瓣修复,以防止溃疡复发。     

额部扩张双蒂轴型皮瓣修复老年患者颅顶部慢性难治性溃疡

目的探讨老年患者颅顶部慢性难治性溃疡的治疗方法，及额部扩张双蒂轴型皮瓣的临床应用效果。方法2002年9月～2006年6月，收治5例颅顶部慢性难治性溃疡老年男性患者，年龄55～76岁。外伤1例，感染1例，鳞状细胞癌2例，基底细胞癌1例。病程6～25个月。曾行1～4次手术。溃疡范围5cm×3cm～10cm×9cm。一期手术于颞浅动脉额支下方和额肌下方设计植入皮肤软组织扩张器；二期手术扩大切除颅顶部慢性溃疡，采用额部扩张双蒂轴型皮瓣，旋转移位修复。创面清创后范围为6．0cm×3．5cm～12．0cm×10．5cm，皮瓣切取范围26cm×10cm～34cm×17cm。2例供区利用多余扩张皮瓣修复，3例植皮修复。结果术后皮瓣均成活，伤口I期愈合，供区愈合良好。患者均获随访3～24个月，平均10个月。皮瓣附着良好，溃疡无复发，无上睑外翻及眼裂闭合不全，日常生活无不适。结论采用额部扩张双蒂轴型皮瓣修复老年颅顶部慢性难治性溃疡，临床效果满意，是治疗老年患者颅顶部难治性溃疡一种新的手术方法。     

应用颈浅动脉皮瓣修复颈部放射性溃疡

目的探讨应用颈浅动脉皮瓣修复颈部放射性溃疡的方法和临床效果。方法2016年1月至2019年6月,暨南大学附属广州红十字会医院烧伤整形科采用颈浅动脉皮瓣修复颈部放射溃疡11例。溃疡发生距放疗平均13.4年,面积1 cm×2 cm~3 cm×7 cm,广泛纤维化。术前取材病理检查,清创宽度包括溃疡及周围纤维化组织,控制深度,避免损伤颈部大血管。清创后创面大小6 cm×9 cm~8 cm×13 cm。以肩峰水平脊柱旁4~5 cm处为皮瓣旋转点,以术前多普勒血流探测仪探测的颈浅动脉筋膜皮支血管走行方向为长轴设计皮瓣,旋转点到皮瓣近侧缘的距离大于其到创面近侧缘距离约2 cm,皮瓣大小超出创面大小约2 cm。分离出蒂部血管后顺行切取皮瓣,转移到颈部修复放射性溃疡切除后缺损。供区边缘适当游离2~3 cm,如缝合张力较小可行真皮层远位减张直接缝合,如张力较大则采用部分缝合,缩小创面后以中厚皮片移植修复。观察患者术后情况。结果本组11例患者的溃疡组织病理检查均提示明显纤维组织增生胶原化并小灶状钙化,局部区域坏死,间质大量淋巴细胞、单核细胞等慢性炎性细胞并少量中性粒细胞等急性炎性细胞浸润,排除肿瘤复发。11例患者中4例行供瓣区预扩张,其余7例均为皮瓣一期切取后转移,皮瓣大小8 cm×11 cm~10 cm×15 cm。8例采用颈肩胛皮瓣修复,3例采用颈背皮瓣修复。供瓣区8例真皮层远位减张后直接缝合,3例缩小创面后中厚皮片移植修复。其中10例皮瓣完全成活,伤口一期愈合。1例皮瓣远端小范围坏死,通过创面换药和二期植皮后痊愈。随访6~24个月,溃疡无复发。所有患者放射性溃疡均得到有效修复,术区外观、功能良好。结论颈部放射性溃疡是颈部放疗后较严重的远期并发症,颈浅动脉皮瓣靠近颈部、血运丰富、解剖恒定、供区隐蔽,是治疗颈部放射性溃疡切实可行的方法之一。     

远端蒂足内侧皮瓣在儿童趵趾皮肤缺损中的应用

目的总结应用远端蒂足内侧皮瓣逆向移位修复儿童拇趾皮肤缺损的临床效果。方法2003年3月-2007年10月，采用远端蒂足内侧皮瓣修复拇趾皮肤缺损7例。男5例，女2例；年龄2～13岁。撕脱伤4例，重物砸伤3例。拇趾末节趾腹缺损1例，近节腹侧缺损4例，拇趾残端皮肤缺损2例。软组织缺损范围为2．5cm×2．0cm～6．0cm×4．0cm。病程2h～1个月。术中切取皮瓣范围3．0cm×2．5cm～6．5cm×4．5cm，供区中厚皮片植皮修复。结果5例皮瓣及供区植皮均成活；2例皮瓣远端分别于术后2d和3d出现0．5cm×1．0cm水疱，均于2周后脱痂皮愈合。供受区切口均I期愈合。7例均获随访，随访时间6个月～4年7个月。皮瓣外观、血运、弹性好，两点辨别觉为5～12mm，无溃疡或磨损，行走无影响。结论采用远端蒂足内侧皮瓣修复儿童拇趾皮肤缺损是一种较好的手术方法。     

腓动脉穿支远端蒂腓肠神经岛状筋膜肌皮瓣修复足踝骨髓炎创面

目的探讨以腓动脉穿支为蒂的腓肠神经岛状筋膜肌皮瓣逆向修复足踝骨髓炎创面的临床疗效。方法解剖10条小腿灌注标本，观察腓肠神经血管轴与腓肠肌内、外侧头肌支和肌皮穿支之间的交通吻合。临床应用远端蒂腓肠神经岛状筋膜肌皮瓣修复足踝骨髓炎创面5例。结果腓肠神经在穿出深筋膜前，其血管轴与两侧的腓肠肌肌支间各有2-4个吻合（筋膜下段）；在穿出深筋膜后，其血管轴与两侧的腓肠肌肌皮穿支间各有2-3个吻合（筋膜上段）。在腓肠肌腱腹交界的近侧2-4cm内，恒定有1-3支肌皮穿支血管与腓肠神经血管轴相交通。据此，临床设计切取以腓动脉最远端肌间隔穿支血管（外踝上5cm）供血的腓肠神经岛状筋膜肌皮瓣，逆向修复5例伴有死腔和骨髓炎感染的小腿下段和足踝创面。5例筋膜皮瓣面积12cm×6cm-17cm×9cm，携带的深层腓肠肌肉面积5cm×4cm-9cm×7cm。随访6个月～1年，皮瓣完全成活。结论腓动脉穿支远端蒂腓肠神经岛状筋膜肌皮瓣。血供可靠，转移方便，是修复小腿下段1／3和足踝部骨髓炎创面的好方法。     

VSD联合股前外侧穿支皮瓣治疗糖尿病足溃疡12例

目的:探讨VSD负压吸引联合股前外侧穿支皮瓣修复糖尿病足溃疡的临床疗效。方法 :回顾性分析2015年6月至2017年12月就诊的糖尿病足12例,男8例,女4例;年龄49～71岁,平均57.4岁;溃疡创面形成时间1～24个月;足背部7例,足趾区5例;溃疡创面面积3 cm×5 cm～7 cm×10 cm。均采用清创VSD负压吸引、中药洗剂冲洗,皮瓣修复治疗,观察皮瓣存活情况、外形、感觉恢复程度。结果:12例患者术后移植皮瓣全部成活,创面修复满意,供区愈合良好。随访6～18个月,12例皮瓣存活良好,皮瓣质地柔软,弹性良好,无明显臃肿,感觉部分恢复。结论:糖尿病足溃疡清创后VSD负压引流联合股前外侧穿支皮瓣移植临床效果满意,值得推广。     

带隐神经营养血管交腿筋膜皮瓣修复小腿创伤性骨外露创面

目的探讨小腿严重创伤伴骨外露缺损创面的修复方法及临床效果。方法对下肢严重创伤性组织缺损骨外露创面26例，应用健侧小腿隐神经营养血管交腿筋膜皮瓣进行修复，其中顺行皮瓣17例，逆行皮瓣9例，皮瓣面积12cm×26cm～6cm×16cm。结果24例皮瓣全部存活，2例皮瓣远端边缘部分皮肤坏死。术后随访6～48个月，皮瓣质地优良，肢体外形与功能恢复满意。结论隐神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣，具有不牺牲主干血管，旋转弧度大，修复范围广，手术快捷方便等优点。     

皮瓣移位术修复下肢冻伤创面

我科于 1987年 12月～ 1996年 5月 ,应用各种皮瓣移位修复冻伤所致下肢创面 2 0例 ,效果满意 ,报告如下。1　临床资料本组男 16例 ,女 4例。年龄 17～ 42岁。其中单足截趾后创面 4例 ,单足自口止庶骨平面截除后创面 5例 ,冻伤后单足跟骨外露 5例 ,双足口止庶骨平面截除后创面 3例 ,双足跟骨外露3例。采用对侧交腿皮瓣修复截肢创面 5例 ,小腿内侧皮瓣 4例 ,小腿外侧皮瓣 3例 ,足外侧及足底皮瓣修复跟骨外露 6例 ,截肢同时用交腿和小腿内侧皮瓣修复创面各 1例。其中截肢同时用皮瓣修复的 2例 ,发生不同程度的皮瓣坏死 ,经植皮后封闭创面 ,其余…     

交通伤所致下肢严重皮肤撕脱伤的治疗

目的探讨交通伤所致下肢严重皮肤撕脱伤的手术治疗方法。方法对2000年12月～2005年6月因交通伤所致的下肢严重皮肤撕脱伤68例患者的治疗进行回顾性分析。治疗方法采用彻底清创后行骨折固定、血管神经修复，用四种处理方法行创面皮肤覆盖。原位缝合8例（外院处理后转入患者）；急诊植皮或皮瓣移植修复38例，其中皮瓣修复26例，返削植皮12例；延迟一期修复15例，即急诊清创后观察3～7d，再进行第二次清创，采用植皮或皮瓣修复创面；二期处理7例中有3例采用游离股前外侧皮瓣移植，2例采用肌皮瓣转位并植皮，2例返削植皮，对因一期处理不当致皮肤坏死或形成皮下囊肿患者采用再次返削植皮。结果原位缝合中1例大部分皮肤成活，7例大面积皮肤坏死。急诊皮瓣完全成活26例，1例边缘部分坏死，其中皮瓣结合皮片移植9例均完全成活，急诊返削植皮12例中10例一期成活，有2例皮片部分坏死。延迟一期修复植皮除1例部分失活，其余皮瓣完全成活。二期处理中皮瓣及植皮均成活。本组患者随访6个月～5年（平均18个月），皮肤创面均完全覆盖，肢体功能恢复：优38例，良23例，差7例，优良率为89．7％。结论准确判断皮肤撕脱伤所累及组织的伤情、安排周密的术前计划、合理选用创面修复方法是确保皮肤撕脱伤肢体功能获得最大程度恢复的关键。     

足部皮瓣移植修复拇、手指皮肤缺损

目的 探讨应用5种足部皮瓣移植修复拇、手指皮肤缺损的疗效。方法 1987年5月-2003年6月，对93例拇、手指皮肤缺损的患者，采用5种不同类型的足部皮瓣进行移植修复。其中采用趾腹皮瓣移植修复指腹缺损27例；趾甲瓣移植修复指甲与指背皮肤缺损8例；[足母]甲瓣或第二趾趾甲皮瓣移植修复拇、手指皮肤脱套伤48例；[足母]趾腓侧半月形皮瓣移植修复拇、手指近节与（或）中节皮肤环形缺损6例；足背三叶或二叶皮瓣移植修复2～3个手指部分皮肤缺损4例。结果 术后皮瓣成功90例，失败3例，成功率为96．8％。供区3例[足母]甲瓣切取后创面不愈．经扩创、植皮后愈合。术后随访8个月～6年．平均2年，皮瓣质地、弹性及拇、手指外形功能良好．指腹皮瓣两点分辨觉达5～8mm。供区行走无影响。结论 选择不同类型的足部皮瓣游离移植是修复拇、手指不同部位皮肤缺损的理想、有效的治疗方法。     

前中足碾挫伤的疗效分析

目的回顾性分析前中足碾挫伤患者的损伤特点、手术方式选择、并发症及治疗效果。方法 2002年5月至2009年10月手术治疗14例足部碾挫伤患者,男12例,女2例;年龄14～69岁,平均34.6岁。14例患者均为碾压伤。中足骨折脱位5例,前足骨折脱位4例,前中足骨折脱位5例。合并糖尿病2例,动脉闭塞1例。初次清创后,皮肤软组织缺损面积3 cm×3 cm以下9例,采用一期缝合或换药＋植皮;缺损面积3 cm×3 cm以上5例,行二期转移皮瓣覆盖创面。神经/血管/肌腱吻合或移植5例。切开复位接骨板固定5例,克氏针螺钉固定5例,石膏或支具治疗2例,另2例行截肢术。围手术期并发症包括：皮缘坏死1例,皮瓣坏死1例,深静脉血栓1例,筋膜室综合征1例。结果 13例获得随访,随访时间6～29个月,平均15个月。功能恢复满意11例。结论足部碾挫伤是足部骨、关节及皮肤软组织的严重复合损伤。治疗应重建足弓的负重结构,如能解决软组织覆盖问题,内固定不是绝对禁忌证。多科室协作有利于早期康复。     

The diabetic foot seen by the surgeon. Personal experience

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate a major amputation risk criterion in diabetic patients with trophic lesions of the foot. The records of a series of 100 consecutive patients (65 males and 35 females) with diabetic foot ulcer treated in our surgical facilities between January 1992 and December 1997, in collaboration with diabetologists and podiatrists, have been reviewed retrospectively. METHODS: In 26 cases the ulcer involved both limbs and, therefore, the feet observed in this study have been 126. Accurate diagnosis of the underlying cause was the first step and in cases with a poor blood supply (69 limbs; 55%) unresponsive to medical therapy (44 limbs) vascular reconstruction (37 limbs), spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation (3 limbs) or major amputation (4 limbs) were performed. According to Wagner grading there were 42 grade 2 ulcers (33%), 38 grade 3 (30%), 43 grade 4 (34%) ad 3 grade 5 (3%). RESULTS: One patient died postoperatively after SCS implantation. All but 4 neuropathic ulcers (53 limbs) healed in a mean time (+/- SD) of 5.2 +/- 3.8 months and all but 10 vascular ulcers (59 limbs) healed in a mean time of 6.3 +/- 4.1 months. Of the latter group in 4 cases the patient died before ulcer healing while in 6 cases (8.7%) a major amputation was performed (in 2 cases after vascular reconstruction procedures). Minor amputations of the forefoot have been performed in 23 instances (33%) of vascular ulcer and in 10 cases (17%) of neuropathic ulcer. CONCLUSIONS: Since ischemia is the main risk factor for amputation, it is suggested that a particular effort should be made in improving the vascular diagnostic, both clinical and strumental, capabilities of our diabetologists and podiatrists in order to detect the vascular insufficiency in earlier stages.     

4-Phasen-Therapiealgorithmus zur operativen Behandlung des diabetischen Fußulkus in Verbindung mit einer Fußdeformität

An operative four-stage regimen (debridement, closure, unloading, correction) for operative treatment of diabetic foot ulcer with deformity and first clinical results are introduced.257 patients entered stage 1 between 01/09/2006 and 31/08/2009.Stage 1: In 153 cases (59%), one debridement resulted in sterile postoperative specimens.Stage 2: 168 cases (65%) sustained secondary closure, 67 (26%) local shifted skin graft, and 16 (6%) limited amputation.Stage 3: 234 (91%) finished stage 3, 10 (4%) presented with recurrent ulcer.Stage 4: In 139 cases (54%), correction arthrodeses were performed. 84 (33%) were with orthosis only.235 (91%) completed follow-up at mean of 24 (12 – 38) months. Recurrent ulcer was registered in 42 (16%) cases until follow-up, major amputations in 3 (1%) cases.The management of diabetic foot ulcer combined with deformity with the introduced extensive operative four-stage regimen showed low amputation rate and low recurrent ulcer rate compared with the literature.     

Four-stage regimen for operative treatment of diabetic foot ulcer with deformity – Results of 300 patients

BackgroundAn operative four-stage regimen (stage 1, debridement; stage 2, closure; stage 3, unloading; stage 4, correction) for operative treatment of diabetic foot ulcer with deformity, and first clinical results are introduced.Methods and results335 patients entered stage 1 between 01/09/2006 and 31/08/2010.Stage 1: In 189 cases (56%), one debridement resulted in sterile postoperative specimens.Stage 2: 210 cases (63%) sustained secondary closure, 97 (29%) local shifted skin graft, and 20 (6%) functional amputation.Stage 3: 304 (90%) finished stage 3, 14 (4%) presented with recurrent ulcer.Stage 4: In 185 cases (55%), correction arthrodeses were performed successfully.Follow-up: 300 (90%) completed follow-up at 26 months on average (12–48 months). Recurrent ulcer was registered in 46 (15%). Overall amputation rate was 14%, the majority at digital or midfoot level. Four cases (1%) required a below-knee amputation.ConclusionsThe management of diabetic foot ulcer combined with deformity with the introduced regimen showed low major amputation rate and low recurrent ulcer rate compared with the literature.     

Use of gracilis muscle free flap for reconstruction of chronic osteomyelitis of foot and ankle

Despite low donor-site morbidity and a straightforward dissection, the gracilis muscle flap is still for many surgeons a second choice in microsurgical reconstruction of the lower extremity in cases of osteomyelitis. They underscore the difficulty of the procedure, and the problems of insufficient muscle volume and a small sized vascular pedicle. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of the gracilis muscle free flap in the treatment of osteomyelitis of the foot and ankle. Between 1992 and 1999, 12 consecutive cases (age 9 to 71 years) of osteomyelitis of the foot and ankle were treated using a skin-grafted gracilis free muscle flap. Criteria for osteomyelitis were the presence of exposed bone, positive cultures and bone scans. The wound defect surface ranged from 9 to 90 cm2 (mean 50.5 cm2). Six flaps were applied on the weight bearing area of the foot. Flap harvesting time never exceeded 30 minutes. The mean follow-up is 15 months (range 2 to 60 months). All flaps survived completely. Secondary skin grafts were needed in two cases. One hematoma was noted at the flap donor site. Two patients (18%) had persistent osteomyelitis due to insufficient debridement in the presence of what appeared to be extensive bone involvement. Attempt to salvage the extremity was first performed but ultimately led to amputation. No patients complained of any donor site morbidity. Failure to cure the osteomyelitis was never caused by inadequate flap coverage. Gracilis muscle flap reliability in terms of vascular supply and ease of dissection made it our first choice in osteomyelitis of the foot and ankle. In the presence of extensive bone involvement, complex bone reconstruction is necessary to avoid amputation.     

负压封闭引流术联合游离植皮修复创伤性小腿截肢残端皮肤缺损

目的：观察全厚皮植皮联合负压封闭引流术在治疗小腿截肢残端皮缺损的临床疗效.方法：2009年9月至2012年12月,采用全厚皮植皮联合负压封闭引流术治疗15例小腿截肢残端皮缺损患者,其中男11例,女4例;年龄25～62岁,平均41.5岁;车祸伤10例,重物砸伤5例;左侧9例,右侧6例.小腿毁损伤6例,无保肢价值,急诊行清创、小腿上段截肢并负压吸引术;因小腿感染、坏死转行清创、小腿上段截肢并负压吸引术9例,Ⅱ期均行全厚皮游离移植.小腿残端创面皮肤缺损面积40 cm×20 cm～25 cm×15 cm.结果：所有患者术后获得随访,时间3个月～1年,小腿残端创面移植全厚皮全部成活,均顺利佩戴假肢,行走满意.残端皮肤逐渐增厚,耐磨,无破溃,无疼痛.结论：全厚皮联合负压封闭引流术治疗小腿截肢皮缺损创面,保留了残肢功能长度,植皮成活率高,成活皮瘢痕少,耐磨性好,有利于假肢的佩戴,是一种简单、易行的治疗方法.     

3D打印个体化钛笼结合Masquelet技术治疗跟骨感染性骨缺损

目的探讨局部皮瓣转移修复足跟部软组织缺损联合3D打印个体化钛笼、Masquelet技术自体肋骨植骨治疗跟骨感染性缺损的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年1月,采用局部皮瓣转移修复足跟软组织缺损和3D打印个体化钛笼、Masquelet技术自体肋骨植骨等技术治疗5例跟骨感染性骨缺损的患者资料,男3例,女2例;年龄37.0岁(范围,17~52岁);车祸伤2例,高处坠落伤2例,碾压伤1例。全部病例采用分期手术治疗,一期骨水泥填塞跟骨缺损皮瓣覆盖创面。清创后软组织缺损:2例10 cm×8 cm,8 cm×7 cm、8 cm×5 cm和5 cm×3 cm各1例。跟骨体部缺损:2例4 cm×3 cm×2 cm、2例3 cm×3 cm×2 cm和1例3 cm×1 cm×1 cm。二期通过3D打印联合Masquelet技术自体肋骨植骨重建跟骨缺损。术后定期随访观察植骨愈合情况、跟骨形态、内固定位置,采用Maryland评分和美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)踝-后足评分评价足部功能。结果5例患者全部获得随访,随访时间18.2个月(范围,12~30个月)。一期手术后4例伤口愈合良好,1例于术后2个月发生深部感染,再次清创更换骨水泥后愈合。细菌培养:耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌3例、表皮葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌各1例。二期采用Masquelet技术自体肋骨植骨和3D打印个体性化钛网植入重建跟骨形状和结构。临床愈合时间4.32个月(范围,3~8个月);影像学检查跟骨植骨区域连续性骨小梁形成时间为13个月(范围,10~22个月)。术后12个月,Maryland评分为92分(范围,86~98分),其中优2例、良3例;AOFAS评分89.8分(范围,83~100分),其中优2例、良3例。1例一期术后发生深部感染,再次清创后治愈。结论3D打印个体化钛笼、Masquelet技术自体肋骨植骨重建跟骨是治疗跟骨感染性骨缺损的一种方法,术后疗效满意。     

Effect of lower extremity amputation on caregiving burden in caregivers of patients with diabetic foot: Prospective cohort study

Lower extremity amputation as a treatment of diabetic foot ulcer is probably a major burden for the patient's family and friends, who typically act as caregivers and support the patient in coping with the physical disabilities and emotional distress. In the present prospective study, we investigated the effects of different lower extremity amputation levels for diabetic foot ulcer treatment on caregivers of patients with diabetes using the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI‐12) scale. Patients with diabetic foot ulcers who underwent unilateral major amputation (above‐below knee) and minor amputation of foot (heel sparing) and their caregivers were requested to volunteer to participate in this study from June 2016 to December 2018. The ZBI‐12 form was completed immediately preoperatively and 3 and 6 months after postoperatively. In the minor amputation group, the mean age of the 51 patients was 72.1 years. In the major amputation group, the mean age of the 88 patients was 73.7 years. Both groups of caregivers of patients with minor amputation and major amputations showed a significant improvement in ZBI‐12 score when compared preoperatively and at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up visits. The mean ZBI‐12 score was significantly higher in the major than in the minor amputation group in preoperative and all postoperative visits. The absence of the ankle joint in the below‐ or above‐knee amputation renders it more difficult for the amputee to quickly learn the use of prosthesis, thereby increasing the burden of the patient and caregivers. We found that lower extremity amputation for the treatment of chronic diabetic foot ulcers has significantly favourable effect on the caregiver burden, and thereby heel sparing was considerably more effective for the caregiver burden.     

胫骨横向骨搬移结合负压引流治疗糖尿病足溃疡的临床疗效分析

目的 :探讨胫骨横向骨搬移微血管网再生技术结合封闭负压引流治疗伴溃疡形成的糖尿病足的临床疗效。方法:对2015年11月至2016年12月采用胫骨横向骨搬移结合负压引流治疗的19例伴溃疡形成的糖尿病足的临床资料进行回顾性分析,男15例,女4例;年龄42~82岁,平均(64.57±7.14)岁;糖尿病平均病程(14.62±6.19)年;左足12例,右足7例;溃疡面积2 cm×3 cm~8 cm×6 cm;按照Texas分类法进行分类,所有病例为D期,其中2级3例,3级10例,4级6例。手术前后测量踝肱指数及密歇根神经体征评分(MNSI)评价患足周围血管和周围神经功能恢复情况,术后复查血管造影或血管彩超。结果:19例患者中17例术后获得随访,时间3~13个月,平均6.9个月。17例患足创面均得到愈合;术后3个月踝肱指数由术前的0.51±0.20升至0.93±0.18,差异有统计学意义(t=13.63,P=0.000);术后3个月的MNSI为5.76±1.44,优于术前的4.06±1.36,差异有统计学意义(t=7.31,P=0.000)。术后复查血管造影或血管彩超显示患足微血管网再生满意,患足功能达到正常运动和日常生活需要。结论:胫骨横向骨搬移微血管网再生技术可以重建患肢小腿以下微血管网,促进周围血管及周围神经恢复,结合封闭负压引流可促进创面愈合,具有手术简便、疗效确切,保肢成功率高的优点,是治疗糖尿病足溃疡的理想方法之一。