齐墩果酸对CCl4诱导小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的研究齐墩果酸对CCl4诱导小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用。方法 30只雄性昆明小鼠随机分成正常对照组、模型组和齐墩果酸组。齐墩果酸组以300 mg/kg齐墩果酸豆油溶液灌胃,模型组和正常对照组以相同剂量的豆油灌胃,共2 d。末次灌胃给药后,模型组和齐墩果酸组按3 m L/kg剂量皮下注射CCl4原液,正常对照组皮下注射同等体积的生理盐水。24 h后处死小鼠,摘取肝脏,比较各组小鼠肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量,并观察肝脏组织的脏器系数及病理学改变。结果齐墩果酸能显著升高CCl4引起的SOD降低(P<0.05),降低CCl4导致的MDA的升高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,齐墩果酸组肝脏的脏器系数有下降的趋势,同时减轻了肝脏的病理损害。结论齐墩果酸对CCl4所引起的急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

大枣渣多糖对CCl_4肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的研究大枣渣多糖对CCl4肝损伤小鼠转氨酶、肝脏形态学的影响,观察其肝保护作用。方法采用CCl4制备小鼠急性肝损伤模型,同时给予不同剂量的大枣渣多糖干预,测定小鼠血清GOT、GPT水平,取肝脏组织做HE染色常规光镜观察。结果大枣渣多糖对CCl4肝损伤模型小鼠血清GOT、GPT水平有降低作用（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,能改善肝损小鼠肝脏组织的形态学变化。结论大枣多糖对小鼠急性CCl4肝损伤有保护作用。     

柳叶鬼针草总黄酮对四氯化碳所致小鼠急、慢性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：采用四氯化碳（CCl4）腹腔注射制备小鼠急、慢性肝损伤模型,探讨柳叶鬼针草（TFB）〖JP3〗总黄酮对肝损伤的保护作用及其作用机制。方法:60只ICR小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性药护肝片（4 g?kg-1）〖JP〗组及TFB高、中、低（120、60和30 mg/kg）剂量组,每组10只。采用腹腔注射不同剂量及不同给药次数给予CCl4 分别制备小鼠急、慢性肝损伤模型,观察肝脏指数、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和丙二醛（MDA）水平,以及肝脏组织病理形态学变化。结果:与模型组比较,TFB（120、60和30 mg/kg）及阳性药护肝片（4 g/kg）组小鼠肝脏水肿明显减轻（P<0.05或P<0.01）,血清AST及ALT活性明显降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）,血清SOD活性升高,MDA含量降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）,肝脏组织病理损害明显改善。结论:TFB对CCl4所致小鼠急、慢性肝损伤具有明显保护作用,其作用机制可能与抗氧化损伤有关。     

冬奇子口服液对小鼠肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的 通过建立四氯化碳（CCl4）致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,观察冬奇子口服液对肝损伤的的保护作用,并初步探讨冬奇子口服液的保肝机制.方法 将50只ICR小鼠随机分为5组：对照组,CCl4致肝损伤模型组,低、中、高剂量的冬奇子给药组（1、2.5、5 g/kg）.各组连续给药7d,末次给药1h后,正常组腹腔注射调和油,其余各组腹腔注射0.1％CCL调和油溶液（10 ml/kg）,18h后测定血清丙氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）,肝组织丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性.结果 低、中、高剂量的冬奇子给药组与肝损伤模型组比较,血清ALT分别降低16.27％（P＜ 0.05）、64.96％（P＜ 0.01）和113.77％（P＜ 0.01）;血清AST分别降低33.79％（P＜0.05）、61.20％（P＜0.01）和87.31％（P＜0.01）;肝组织MDA含量分别降低28.27％（P＜0.05）、65.74％ （P＜0.01）和108.89％（P＜0.01）;肝组织SOD活性分别增加13.82％（P ＞0.05）、27.31％（P＜0.05）和40.73％ （P＜0.05）.结论 冬奇子口服液对肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与减少肝组织脂质过氧反应,增强SOD的抗自由基的能力有关.     

水飞蓟素脂质体对小鼠CCl4急性肝损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的：研究水飞蓟素脂质体（L-SIL）对四氯化碳（CCl4）所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用.方法：昆明种小鼠80只,随机分为空白组、CCl4急性肝损伤模型组及L-SIL低、中、高剂量组和益肝灵（T-SIL）低、中、高剂量组共8组,测量并比较各组小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平及肝组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）水平和丙二醛（MDA）含量,并观察各组小鼠肝组织病理学改变.结果：与CCl4急性肝损伤模型组相比,L-SIL各剂量组血清ALT、AST水平明显降低（P〈0.05～0.01）,L-SIL各剂量肝组织匀浆GSH-PX水平及L-SIL高剂量组SOD水平明显升高（P〈0.05～0.01）,并具有剂量依赖性,L-SIL高剂量组肝组织匀浆MDA含量明显降低（P〈0.01）.L-SIL对ALT、SOD、GSH-PX水平的作用优于相应剂量T-SIL组（P〈0.05～0.01）.组织学观察L-SIL中、大剂量组的肝损伤明显轻于模型组和相应剂量T-SIL组.结论：L-SIL对小鼠CCl4肝损伤有明显的保护作用,且其保护作用明显优于T-SIL.     

郁金水煎剂对四氯化碳致急性肝损伤小鼠肝细胞p53和caspase-3表达的影响及其对肝损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨单味郁金水煎剂对四氯化碳（CCl4）致急性肝损伤小鼠肝细胞凋亡基因p53和caspase-3蛋白表达的影响,阐明郁金对肝损伤保护作用的机制。方法:ICR小鼠60只,随机分为空白对照组（等体积生理盐水）、模型组（等体积生理盐水）、郁金低剂量组（2.5 g/kg）、郁金中剂量组（5.0 g/kg）、郁金高剂量组（10.0 g/kg）和阳性药组 (甘利欣 22.5 mg/kg);连续给药7 d后,除空白对照组外各组小鼠均通过CCl4复制小鼠急性肝损伤模型。计算肝指数,测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性,HE染色观察肝组织形态学变化;RT-PCR法检测肝细胞p53基因转录情况;免疫组织化学法检测肝细胞caspase-3蛋白表达。结果：与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠肝指数明显增加（P<0.05）;与模型组比较,各给药组小鼠肝指数明显降低（P<0.05）。与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠血清ALT增高（P<0.01）;与模型组比较,阳性药组及郁金高、中剂量组小鼠血清ALT明显降低（P<0.05）。肝脏形态学变化,肉眼观察,空白对照组小鼠肝脏呈现粉红色,质软而富有弹性,模型组小鼠肝脏明显肿大、呈微黄色,表面可见散在点状及片状黄褐色斑点,质脆,各给药组小鼠肝脏大小、颜色及质地均界于空白对照组与模型组之间,且表面无明显黄褐色斑点;镜下观察,空白对照组小鼠肝脏结构正常,模型组小鼠细胞呈明显局灶性气球样变、水样变性和死亡,而阳性药组和郁金中、高剂量组小鼠与模型组比较肝组织上述病灶数量减少。与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠肝细胞p53基因转录明显增强（P<0.05）;与模型组比较,郁金高剂量组小鼠肝细胞p53基因转录显著减弱 （P<0.05）。与模型组比较,郁金给药组小鼠肝细胞caspase-3蛋白表达减弱。结论：郁金对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤有一定的拮抗作用,其机制之一可能与下调凋亡基因p53和caspase-3蛋白的表达、阻碍肝细胞凋亡有关。     

番茄红素对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 观察番茄红素对四氯化碳（CCl4）引起的小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 将小鼠分为正常组、模型组、番茄红素组和阳性药联苯双酯组。番茄红素组和联苯双酯组分别用番茄红素和联苯双酯ig进行预给药干预,正常组和模型组以溶剂0.1%羧甲基纤维素钠ig,连续给药7 d后ip CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤。计算肝脏指数,检测血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）以及肝组织中的超氧化歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的水平,并观察肝组织HE染色切片的病理变化。结果 番茄红素能显著降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性;升高肝组织匀浆中SOD活力,降低MDA含量和LDH活性;病理切片表明给药组小鼠肝损伤均减轻。结论 番茄红素对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与番茄红素所具有抗脂质过氧化和清除体内过多的氧自由基的作用有关。     

北五味子粗多糖对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用及其机制

目的：探讨北五味子粗多糖（SCP）对四氯化碳（CCl4）所致小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用,并初步揭示其作用机制。方法：将50只小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、SCP低剂量组（50 mg/kg）、SCP高剂量组（100 mg/kg）和阳性药物组（联苯双酯,150 mg/kg）组,灌胃给药预处理15 d。末次给药1 h后,除正常对照组外其余4组采用10％CCl4 2.0 mL/kg一次性腹腔注射诱发小鼠急性肝损伤模型。6 h后摘眼球取血,断髓,取肝脏,计算各组小鼠肝指数,检测血清中谷氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性及总胆红素（TBIL）水平,检测肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平及一氧化氮合酶（NOS）活性;HE染色观察肝脏病理学变化。结果：与正常对照组比较,模型组小鼠肝质量、肝指数、血清ALT和AST活性及TBIL水平、肝组织MDA水平及NOS活性均显著升高（P<0.01）,肝组织GSH水平明显下降（P<0.01）。与模型组比较,SCP高剂量组小鼠肝脏质量和肝指数均明显降低（P<0.05）,SCP低、高剂量组及阳性药物组小鼠血清ALT、AST活性和MDA水平均明显降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）,肝组织GSH水平明显升高（P<0.05）,SCP高剂量组小鼠血清TBIL水平和NOS活性均降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。与阳性药物组比较,SCP低、高剂量组小鼠血清ALT和AST活性仍较高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。HE染色,模型组小鼠肝细胞体积增大,胞浆淡染,个别发生嗜酸性变性;SCP高剂量组肝细胞形态明显好转,肝细胞嗜酸性变性明显改善。结论：SCP对CCl4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化有关。     

CAPE-NO2预处理对CCl4引起的小鼠肝损伤的保护作用

目的 研究对硝基咖啡酸苯乙酯(CAPE-NO2)对CCl4诱导的小鼠化学性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 小鼠分为7组,每组10只.分组:正常组,CAPE-NO2(2.0 mg/kg)组,模型组,CAPE(2.0 mg/kg)+CCl4组,CAPE-NO2(2.0 mg/kg)+CCl4组,CAPE-NO2 (1.0 mg/kg)+CCl4组,CAPE-NO2(0.5 mg/kg)+ CCl4组.各组腹腔注射给药15 d,正常组和模型组给生理盐水0.1 mL/10 g.第15天给药结束后,正常组和CAPE-NO2组腹腔注射橄榄油溶液(0.1 mL/10g),其余各组腹腔注射0.15％CCl4橄榄油溶液(0.1 mL/10 g).测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性、三酰甘油(TG)水平,肝组织匀浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性.取肝左叶经10％多聚甲醛固定,进行组织病理学检查和TUNEL染色.结果 CAPE-NO2能显著降低CCl4诱导的肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性、TG水平,升高小鼠肝组织中CAT、GSH-Px的活性,且呈药效剂量依赖性.CAPE-NO2能明显减少肝细胞损伤和降低肝细胞凋亡率,且作用强于CAPE.结论 CAPE-NO2对小鼠化学性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用,机制可能与增强肝细胞抗氧酶的水平,提高机体清除自由基能力和抑制细胞凋亡有关.     

大枣渣多糖对CCl4肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的研究大枣渣多糖对CCl4肝损伤小鼠转氨酶、肝脏形态学的影响,观察其肝保护作用。方法采用CCl4制备小鼠急性肝损伤模型,同时给予不同剂量的大枣渣多糖干预,测定小鼠血清GOT、GPT水平,取肝脏组织做HE染色常规光镜观察。结果大枣渣多糖对CCl4肝损伤模型小鼠血清GOT、GPT水平有降低作用(P<0.01,P<0.05),能改善肝损小鼠肝脏组织的形态学变化。结论大枣多糖对小鼠急性CCl4肝损伤有保护作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.