绩效管理在双向执行反馈体系中的应用

医院职能部门绩效管理是双向执行反馈体系的核心内容之一。在双向执行反馈体系中采取目标管理的方式,有效地将医院的战略转化为各层次的绩效指标,层层分解,尽量细化,增强指标的可操作性,确保了医院工作任务和决议精神的贯彻落实。     

医院水平管理研究——双向执行反馈体系的构建

通过建立职能部门双向执行反馈体系,利用跨职能的团队运作模式,突破医院中层管理执行屏障,并通过"人对点"方式采集或反馈有价值信息供领导决策或纠偏,切实提高了医院执行力和决策的科学性。体系的应用为医院水平管理赋予了新的内涵,促进了医院水平管理的发展。     

信息反馈系统在双向执行反馈体系中的运用

信息反馈系统是双向执行反馈体系中的重要组成部分,系统是在传统的垂直式信息传递基础上,着重加强水平式信息反馈力度。     

构建职能部门联席会议制度

双向执行反馈体系是职能部门的一种团队运作模式,组建职能部门联席会议,就是为职责、分工各不相同的职能部门搭建沟通、交流的平台。通过职能部门联席会议的形式,将职能部门整合成一个具有共同目标、高度协作精神的运作团队,切实提高执行力。     

绩效考核在创建三级医院中的作用

目的 利用绩效考核这一管理工具,牵动各部门把实际工作同创建三级医院工作相结合,推动医院总体目标的实现.方法 从三级综合医院评审标准评价要素中,选取考核指标,建立与三级医院标准一致的绩效评价体系.结果 把目标绩效考核应用于创建三级医院,医院总体目标分解为各部门的目标,从考核监测、结果反馈和改进以及考核结果的使用等方面促进目标实现;实行绩效考核一年前后各项指标绩效变化对比,体现绩效考核对创建三级医院的作用.     

双向评价体系应用于精神科临床护理带教的作用评价

目的:探讨双向评价体系应用于精神科临床护理带教的作用。方法:纳入2016年2月-2017年2月90例精神科临床护理教学护生以数字表法分组。常规护理教学模式组采用常规的护理教学方法,双向评价体系教学模式组采用双向评价体系法。比较两组带教者对护生学习成绩和实际操作能力的考核评分;护生对教学模式合理性、科学性的认可度。结果:双向评价体系教学模式组带教者对护生学习成绩和实际操作能力的考核评分高于常规护理教学模式组,P 0.05,双向评价体系教学模式组带教者对护生学习成绩和实际操作能力的考核评分分别是95.11±3.12分和93.66±3.21分,而常规护理教学模式组带教者对护生学习成绩和实际操作能力的考核评分分别是84.11±3.46分和87.35±3.26分。双向评价体系教学模式组护生对教学模式合理性、科学性的认可度高于常规护理教学模式组,P 0.05。双向评价体系教学模式组护生对教学模式合理性、科学性的认可度分别是93.32±3.02分和95.21±3.14分。而常规护理教学模式组护生对教学模式合理性、科学性的认可度分别是83.11±3.11分和86.01±3.21分。结论:精神科临床护理教学改革中双向评价体系法的运用效果确切,可更好提高护生的认可度和提高其考核成绩。     

国外双向转诊制度的启示

就国外一些国家双向转诊的运行和评价现况,从政策引导、质量保障、评价反馈和技术支持四个方面进行分析,提出构建适用于我国的双向转诊综合评价体系的相关讨论。     

谈谈以质量中心为基础的责任会计制

一、医院建立责任会计制的可行性研究所谓医院责任会计是指按医院各科室的业务性质,将医院一定时期内管理目标中的质量、经济指标进行预算分解,且按一定程序进行记录、计算和考核,并及时反馈给各责任中的一种内部管理制度。建立医院责任会计制既是完善我国整个责任会计体系的要求,也是当前经济发展的必然。     

疾病预防控制机构绩效考核现状调查及存在问题分析

目的:了解黑龙江省各级疾病预防控制机构绩效考核现状及存在问题。方法:分层整群抽样,采用问卷调查与深入访谈结合的方法。结果:976名调查职工中,所在单位开展绩效考核的占67.9%,考核周期主要是年度考核,不同级别机构绩效考核内容的侧重不同,考核结果比较真实地反映了员工实际工作状况。考核结果实际用途与职工的期望存在较大差别。结论:各级疾病预防控制机构在开展绩效考核过程中,存在考核周期过长,绩效考核结果应用有限;疏忽了对职工绩效反馈及双向沟通等问题,尚需完善绩效考核制度。     

《政府会计制度》下公立医院全面预算绩效体系重构与实施 路径研究

基于当前公立医院全面预算绩效管理存在的问题,充分考虑《政府会计制度》"双基础、双功能、双报告"体系的内涵和目的,以战略为指引,以预算项目为载体,设计公立医院"双体系"预算框架,解决传统预算绩效管理无法全面反映预期财务状况和现金流量的问题;强化预算的执行和监督,完善预算绩效管理系统,实现"三个一体化"和"一个实时化",用信息化保障了预算绩效的时效性和数据共享性;同时对不同的层级、项目等综合考虑考核指标,实现全方位、多维度的考核。     

The human drama of genetics: 'hard' and 'soft' media representations of inherited breast cancer

This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

Worker education in the primary prevention of occupational dermatoses

This paper reports the evaluation of a skin care education programmeconducted on a fine chemicals manufacturing site where over1,000 employees are located. Approximately 60% are involvedin chemical manufacture. Over a 12 month period production staffreceived training in prevention of occupational dermatoses linkedto a site-wide poster initiative. The incidence of new casesof occupational dermatoses fell from 0.055 (70 cases in 1,277employees) to 0.021 (27 cases in 1,277 employees) before andafter the intervention respectively (p<0.0001). After otherfactors such as chemicals handled, observer bias and changesin reporting related to socioeconomic climate were taken intoaccount it is concluded that this study demonstrates the importanceof worker education as a tool for primary prevention of disease.Training materials such as video and poster presentations maybe effectively used in the chemical manufacturing industry asan adjunct to prevention and control of exposure to substanceshazardous to the skin. Such methods may also be used in otherindustries where there are significant risks of dermatoses.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.     

Regional Variation in Travel-related Illness acquired in Africa,March 1997–May 2011

To understand geographic variation in travel-related illness acquired in distinct African regions, we used the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database to analyze records for 16,893 ill travelers returning from Africa over a 14-year period. Travelers to northern Africa most commonly reported gastrointestinal illnesses and dog bites. Febrile illnesses were more common in travelers returning from sub-Saharan countries. Eleven travelers died, 9 of malaria; these deaths occurred mainly among male business travelers to sub-Saharan Africa. The profile of illness varied substantially by region: malaria predominated in travelers returning from Central and Western Africa; schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, and dengue from Eastern and Western Africa; and loaisis from Central Africa. There were few reports of vaccine-preventable infections, HIV infection, and tuberculosis. Geographic profiling of illness acquired during travel to Africa guides targeted pretravel advice, expedites diagnosis in ill returning travelers, and may influence destination choices in tourism.