血管内支架成形术治疗颅内动脉狭窄的临床疗效评价

目的　评价血管内支架成形术治疗颅内动脉狭窄的初步效果。方法　 39例颅内动脉狭窄患者 (19例后循环狭窄 ,2 0例为前循环狭窄 ) ,应用球囊膨胀型支架行腔内成形术治疗。结果　支架均一次成功植入 ,无手术相关并发症。术前术后平均血管狭窄程度分别为 73 5 %± 6 7%、11 2 %± 4 3%。临床随访 4～ 2 4个月 ,无脑缺血再发作或中风 ;脑血管造影随访 2 9例患者 ,均无血管再狭窄。结论　血管内支架成形治疗颅内动脉狭窄是安全、可行的 ,有助于降低中风的发生率。长期疗效需要进一步观察。     

临床研究支架血管成形术治疗颈内动脉起始段狭窄15例分析

目的 探讨支架血管技术治疗颈动脉起始段狭窄的临床效果.方法 对15例颈动脉颅外段狭窄的患者行全脑血管造影,置入支架,术中12例进行球囊预扩张、15例均应用脑保护装置.结果 15例支架置入均获成功,血管残余狭窄程度＜30%.术后随访13例(10～18个月),1例发生再狭窄(狭窄率＞50%).结论 血管内支架成形术是治疗颈动脉狭窄的一种有效方法,颈动脉支架成形术可以明显降低颈动脉狭窄患者的卒中发生率.     

切割球囊冠状动脉腔内成形术69例临床应用报告

目的　应用切割球囊行冠状动脉腔内成形术并对其疗效进行评价 .方法　对 6 9例冠心病患者的 80处病变行切割球囊扩张治疗 ,对其进行分析 ,并短期随访 .结果　 80处病变血管直接切割球囊扩张治疗 ,成功率 93% ,其中 9例完全闭塞性病变中 7例获得成功 (成功率 78% ) .3例支架内再狭窄均扩张成功 .80处病变切割球囊扩张后安放支架 5 8个 (支架安放率 73% ) ,2 2例单纯行切割球囊扩张术者残余狭窄为 0～2 0 % [平均 (7± 6 ) % ].1例患者术后出现心包填塞 ,无严重内膜撕裂发生、急性闭塞、急诊冠脉架桥术及急性心肌梗死发生 .随访 1～ 10 mo(平均 5 .9mo) ,1例单纯行切割球囊扩张术患者于术后 1mo出现心绞痛 ,经冠脉造影证实为再狭窄 .其他患者随访期间无心脏事件发生 .结论　切割球囊行冠状动脉腔内成形术安全、有效 ,短期疗效良好 .     

颈动脉支架成形术治疗症状性颈动脉狭窄

目的 讨论颈动脉支架成形术治疗高危颈动脉狭窄的短期疗效和安全性.方法 2004年8月至2006年3月期间,采用颈动脉支架治疗15例颈内动脉狭窄病人(狭窄≥70%,NASCET法),于围手术期进行抗血小板治疗,临床随访3至20个月.结果 15例患者手术操作完全成功,术后残余狭窄小于20%.术中5例患者出现一过性心率减慢、血压下降或颈内动脉远端血管痉挛,治疗后好转,术后未发生新的卒中,3个月后颈动脉彩超未显示再狭窄.结论 颈动脉支架成形术治疗颈内动脉狭窄是一种安全可行的方法,短期疗效肯定.     

支架置入术治疗颈动脉狭窄80例临床分析

目的分析总结血管内支架置入术治疗颈动脉狭窄的疗效和安全性.方法本组80例患者经颈部超声检查、MRI及全脑血管造影确诊颈动脉狭窄,经股动脉入路应用血管内支架置入术.结果80例患者手术均成功,颈动脉狭窄得到有效改善,临床缺血症状术后得到明显改善,短期随访6个月未出现新发脑卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作,随访2年末发现明显颈内动脉支架部位再狭窄,支架形态无改变.结论颈内动脉支架置入术是治疗颈内动脉狭窄安全、有效的方法.     

高危颈动脉狭窄患者的经皮腔内支架成形术

目的回顾性分析颈动脉支架成形术治疗高危颈动脉狭窄患者的安全性、有效性、围手术期并发症情况。并文献复习了解最新进展。方法对39例高危颈动脉狭窄患者经磁共振和数字减影血管造影（DSA）确诊,后行经皮腔内颈动脉支架支架血管成形手术。技术成功率为100%。结果术后随访12个月,出现典型脑过度灌注综合症患者2例;术中及术后明确诊断颈动脉窦反应10例;未出现严重脑缺血事件;未出现消化道出血患者。结论颈内动脉支架成形术治疗高危颈动脉硬化狭窄疾病有良好的安全性和确切的疗效,但是高龄患者的病情复杂,确定完备客观的高危因素并进行量化评价仍需要进一步研究。     

术前脑血管造影在血管内支架成形术治疗缺血性脑血管病中的应用

目的：探讨术前脑血管造影在血管内支架成形术治疗脑供血动脉狭窄中的应用价值。方法：对105例症状性脑缺血发作患者进行术前全脑血管造影。对136支狭窄的血管进行了血管内支架成形术。术后不同时期进行脑血管造影随访。结果：105例患者术前共存在136处狭窄血管，支架治疗术后70处血管狭窄恢复了正常血管直径，54处残余狭窄小于20%，7处残余狭窄界于50%～80%之间，有5例因支架不能到位，放弃手术。术中血栓保护伞完全被封堵住1例。所有患者术前症状均有不同程度的缓解，70例患者获得术后1～24个月的脑血管造影随访，其中颈动脉再狭窄2例，椎动脉起始部再狭窄6例，颅内动脉再狭窄6例。结论：术前进行充分的脑血管造影评估，以制定个体化的治疗方案，可以提高血管内支架成形术的安全性。     

血管内支架成形术治疗颈动脉狭窄45例分析

目的探讨血管内支架成形术治疗颈动脉狭窄的疗效和经验。方法对45例颈动脉狭窄患者行血管内支架成形术,术后行全脑血管造影及颈动脉彩超检查,进行影像学随访。结果狭窄血管均成功扩张,术前、术后狭窄段血管管腔分别为（2.84±1.18）mm和（5.86±0.65）mm,术后残余狭窄程度均〈20%。临床随访无TIA或脑缺血发作,无1例发生再狭窄,3个月后颈部血管彩色超声检查,狭窄段管腔内径为（5.84±0.33）mm,与术后即刻狭窄段管腔内径（5.86±0.65）mm比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论血管内支架成形术治疗颈动脉狭窄是安全、有效的。     

经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术及支架置入46例临床体会

1目的　探讨经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 ( PTCA)及支架置入 ( ICS)术的临床效果与体会。 2方法　选择 46例冠心病患者 ,其中 32例先预扩张后放支架 ,14例未扩张而直接置入支架 ;3结果　 46例中共扩张 72处病变 ,置入支架 6 7个 ,支架置入前血管狭窄程度为 ( 89.6± 6 .7) % ,支架置入后血管腔残余狭窄为 ( 0 .45± 1.7) % ( P<0 .0 0 1) ,支架长度为 ( 14 .6± 4.8) mm,直径 ( 3.0± 0 .4) mm,成功率为 10 0 % ,无任何并发症 ,随访率 96 .2 % ,2 6例接受造影 ,未见再狭窄形成 ;4结论　 PTCA及支架置入是治疗冠心病最为有效和最可靠的方法 ,其成功率达 98%以上 ,安全可靠 ,基本上无并发症 ,特别是对某些轻度钙化或无钙化者可直接置入支架 ,既节省时间 ,又省钱 ,并可减少 X线曝光时间。     

颈动脉内支架成形术在缺血性脑卒中患者二级预防中的疗效观察

目的:探讨颈动脉内支架成形术治疗颈动脉狭窄预防缺血性脑卒中的疗效。方法:介绍36例症状性颈动脉狭窄患者支架置入的方法和围手术期的管理。结果:颈动脉支架成形术成功率100%,术后随访3-6年,无颈动脉支架置入后再狭窄的发生,无脑缺血症状,无脑梗死发生。结论:颈动脉内支架成形术是治疗颈动脉狭窄有效、安全的方法,有效地预防了缺血性脑卒中的发生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.