病毒性肝炎患者血清氨基酸检测106例分析

检测了106例各型病毒性肝炎血清氨基酸,发现蛋氨酸均显著升高,急性肝炎患者脯氨酸、丙氨酸和缬氨酸显著下降,其余13种氨基酸与正常对照组比较无差异.急性期与恢复期亦无差异(P>0.05);慢活肝患者酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸亦显著增高;重症肝炎患者支链氨基酸显著下降,芳香族等12种氦基酸显著增高.BCAA/AAA克分子比值慢活肝、重症肝炎明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05),重症肝炎降低最显著(P<0.01),测定血清氨基酸对了解病情,预后及转归有一定的临床意义.     

血浆置换联合乳果糖治疗重症肝炎对血浆氨基酸谱变化的影响

目的　明确重症肝炎氨基酸谱变化的特点 ,探讨血浆置换 (PE)及血浆置换联合乳果糖治疗对其的影响。方法　检测血浆置换及其联合乳果糖治疗的重症肝炎患者各 2 0例 ,分析其氨基酸谱变化特点及氨基酸变化与PTA改善的关系。结果　重症肝炎患者血清蛋氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸浓度显著增高 ,亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸浓度和BCAA/AAA比值显著下降 (均P <0 .0 1) ;PE及PE联合乳果糖治疗组芳香族氨基酸浓度下降 ,支链氨基酸浓度升高 ,BCAA/AAA比值上升 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,联合组与单纯PE组比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;治疗组BCAA上升值、AAA下降值与PTA增加值呈正相关。结论　重症肝炎患者存在特征性氨基酸谱改变 ,尤以BCAA/AAA比值的改变与肝功能改善显著相关 ,PE治疗能调整氨基酸代谢 ,改善患者肝脏功能 ,联合应用乳果糖可以提高疗效。     

病毒性肝炎患者血α_2浆纤溶酶抑制物的变化

首次用国产发色底物 S-2251测定了155例病毒性肝炎患血浆中α_2-纤溶酶抑制物的活性。结果表明,除急性肝炎组外,其他各组(慢性肝炎组、重型肝炎组和肝炎后肝硬化组)共110例患者的血浆α_2-纤溶酶抑制物的活性比正常组明显降低(P<0.01)。其中,慢性活动性肝炎组和肝炎后肝硬化组患者血浆的α_2-纤溶酶抑制物的最为显著(P<0.001)。     

各型肝病患者血浆内皮素的初步研究

目的　探讨ET与各型肝病的关系。方法　用放射免疫分析法测定 14 4例急性、慢性肝炎、肝硬化腹水患者血浆的ET浓度 ,并进行横向比较。结果　急性肝炎组及慢性肝炎组ET水平均较正常组显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而肝硬化腹水组 ,较正常对照组显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,肝硬化腹水组 ,与急性肝炎组及慢性肝炎组ET水平比较 ,差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1)。急性肝炎组患者血清ALT、血浆ET水平呈显著正相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;肝硬化腹水组患者血浆ET与血清钠及血浆白蛋白呈显著正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　①急性肝炎、慢性肝炎患者血浆ET水平显著升高 ;②肝硬化腹水组血浆ET水平均显著降低 ;③ET在急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化腹水发病中起着重要作用。     

不同类型肝炎全血粘度血浆粘度测定结果分析

<正>本文对我院1991年以来256例不同类型肝炎病人进行全血粘度(ηb)、血浆粘度(ηp)测定,其结果分析如下。1.对象与方法 1.对象 256例肝炎患者系我院门诊及住院病人,其中急性肝炎(AH)58例,慢性迁延性肝炎(CPH)66例、慢性活动性肝炎(CAH)64例、重症肝炎(SH)20例、肝硬化(LC)48例。各型肝炎均按1990年上海全国肝炎会议制定的“病毒性肝炎诊断标准草案”确诊。50例正常人是健康体检者,年龄23～56岁,无肝、肾及其他有关疾病。     

病毒性肝炎病人血浆VitE水平及其临床意义

观测了急性肝炎和重症肝炎病人血浆ＶｉｔＥ及Ｌｐｏ水平及其动态变化。急性肝炎和重症肝炎病人血浆ＶｉｔＥ低于对照组，Ｌｐｏ高于对照组，均以重症肝炎更明显，且死亡病例血浆ＶｉｔＥ低于存活者。部份病人口服ＶｉｔＥ不能提高其血浆水平，并随病情加重而逐渐降低。讨论了病毒性肝炎病人血浆ＶｉｔＥ降低与Ｌｐｏ升高的关系及其临床意义，认为动态观测血浆ＶｉｔＥ可作为判断重症肝炎病情进展及预后的参考。     

乙型肝炎患者外周血淋巴细胞糖皮质激素受体及血浆皮质醇…

应用放射配体结合测定法、放射免疫测定法测定１１０例乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）患者外周血淋巴细胞糖皮质激素受体（ＧＲ）与血浆皮质醇（Ｆ）的变化。其中急性重症肝炎２０例、慢性重症肝炎２０例，慢性迁延性肝炎２０例，慢性活动性肝炎５０例以及对照组４０例。结果表明：各类乙肝患者ＧＲ水平明显低于对照组，而血浆Ｆ高于对照组。同时测定２０例慢性活动性肝炎稳定期ＧＲ、Ｆ的变化，发现随病情的改善ＧＲ水平也升高，而血浆Ｆ无     

肝病患者血栓调节蛋白检测的临床意义

目的 探讨急性肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌病人血浆血栓调节蛋白(TM)水平及其在疾病病情进展及预后判断中的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)方法,检测30例急性肝炎和肝硬化病人、14例肝癌病人治疗前和治疗后血浆TM水平,并与12例健康者进行对照.结果 急性重症肝炎、肝硬化代偿、肝硬化失代偿组血浆TM水平皆较正常对照组显著增高,急性重症肝炎组明显高于急性甲型肝炎组,肝硬化失代偿组显著高于代偿组,肝癌病人术前血浆TM水平明显升高,与正常对照组比较差异有显著性. 结论 TM为血管内皮细胞损伤的标志物,可作为某些肝脏疾病病情进展及预后判断的重要指标.     

乙型肝炎患者外周血淋巴细胞糖皮质激素受体及血浆皮质醇变化的初步研究

应用放射配体结合测定法、放射免疫测定法测定１１０例乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）患者外周血淋巴细胞糖皮质激素受体（ＧＲ）与血浆皮质醇（Ｆ）的变化。其中急性重症肝炎２０例、慢性重症肝炎２０例，慢性迁延性肝炎２０例，慢性活动性肝炎５０例以及对照组４０例。结果表明：各类乙肝患者ＧＲ水平明显低于对照组，而血浆Ｆ高于对照组。同时测定２０例慢性活动性肝炎稳定期ＧＲ、Ｆ的变化，发现随病情的改善ＧＲ水平也升高，而血浆Ｆ无明显改变。     

新疆石河子地区几种肝脏疾病与正常人血浆游离氨基酸检测与比较

肝脏是人体最重要的代谢器官．为了观察部分肝脏病变时血浆游离氨基酸的变化，我们对部分急肝、肝硬化、肝癌患者的血浆进行了十六种游离氨基酸的测定。现报道如下。临床资料本组45例，均为本院住院病人。为避免血浆游离氨基酸的测定值在性别及年龄上的差异，本试验血样取自40～48岁的汉族男性，肝炎的诊断均符合1978年全国病毒性肝炎学术会议制定的诊断标准。1．急性病毒性肝炎（急肝组）；15例，血清ALT均超过400U，并伴有不同程度的黄疸．2．肝硬化组：15例，白／球倒置，蛋白电泳球蛋白明显增高，全血细胞不同程度减低，伴腹水。3·原…     

庚型肝炎病毒感染对重型肝炎发病的影响

目的 探讨庚型肝炎病毒感染在重型肝炎中的发病作用。方法 采用RT－PCR及EIA法检测重型肝炎患者血清HGVRNA及抗－HGV阳性情况，并与临床肝功、预后进行比较。结果 各临床类型重肝HGV感染率无明显差别，HGV感染病例ALT升高较低，SB、A／G较高，病死率显著低于HGV（－）病例，单纯HGV感染少见。结论 庚型肝炎病毒致病务弱，其感染不但未加重肝衰竭，反有利于肝衰竭的恢复。     

Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure

The outcome of fulminant hepatic failure without timely liver transplantation is poor. We describe a 19-year-old woman with fulminant hepatic failure due to acute hepatitis B infection who received a living donor liver transplant from her sister. The donor's recovery was uneventful, allowing hospital discharge on Day 6. Two months after transplantation the recipient developed a biliary stricture requiring surgery. One year after transplantation, her liver function was normal.     

急性病毒性肝炎患者的血浆游离氨基酸谱变化及其临床意义

采用高效液相色谱仪，以外标法，对６０例急性病毒性肝炎（ＡＨ）患者及２０例正常人的血浆游离氨基酸谱进行检测，并结合ＡＨ患者的肝功能状况作了研究。结果表明：与正常人组比较，在ＡＨ时大多数患者的血浆游离氨基酸有天冬、谷、颉、蛋、异亮、亮、酪、苯丙氨酸等显著升高，但支链氨基酸／芳香族氨基酸值在两组间无显著性差异。此外还观察到ＡＨ患者的血浆游离蛋氨酸升高与血清总胆红素水平显著相关。在肝脏受损的初期，表现为血浆中多种氨基酸的升高，其中蛋氨酸的升高程度能反映肝损伤状况。因此，检测游离蛋氨酸作为一项肝损伤指标，可了解和判断患者的病情状况。     

Acute and subacute fulminant hepatic failure: the role of liver transplantation

OBJECTIVES: To report the experience of the Australian National Liver Transplant Unit with patients with fulminant hepatic failure and to describe the role of liver transplantation. PATIENTS: Twenty-seven patients presented with acute or subacute fulminant hepatic failure during the period from January, 1986, to March, 1990. Twenty-two had acute and five had subacute fulminant hepatic failure. The causes were hepatitis B in 10 patients, presumed non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis in eight patients, drug-induced hepatic damage in five patients, and Wilson's disease in four patients. There were 13 males and 14 females. Ages were 2-43 years (mean, 23). Twenty patients (74%) were in grade IV encephalopathy on presentation. RESULTS: Six patients (22%) began to improve soon after admission and went on to full recovery. Spontaneous recovery was more frequent in patients with drug-induced hepatic damage (four patients [80%]) and was less frequent in those with hepatitis B (one patient [10%]) and NANB hepatitis (one patient [12%]). The other 21 patients (78%) were considered for orthotopic liver transplantation. Eight (30%) were judged to be unsuitable and went on to early death. Thirteen (48%) were suitable for transplantation. Of these five (19%) died before a liver donor became available and eight (30%) received liver grafts and went on to full recovery. Overall, 14 patients (52%) survived and 13 (48%) died. Patients with Wilson's disease (four [100%]) were most suitable for orthotopic liver transplantation whereas eight (44%) of those with hepatitis B or NANB hepatitis were unsuitable. Of the eight patients receiving liver grafts one had hepatitis B, three had NANB hepatitis and four had Wilson's disease. Five were in grade IV encephalopathy at the time of operation. The mean waiting time for transplantation was 6.4 days. Five patients received ABO blood group compatible grafts and three received ABO incompatible grafts. Of the latter group, two subsequently required secondary orthotopic liver transplantation with ABO compatible grafts. All eight patients who received transplants are alive and well 3-24 months after the operation. No patient has any neurological sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: Orthotopic liver transplantation is a preferred option for patients with fulminant hepatic failure whose condition is not responding to conservative management. ABO incompatible livers transplanted in emergency circumstances may prove life-saving either by functioning successfully or by providing time during which ABO compatible grafts become available.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Treatment of hepatic failure with artificial liver support system

目的　为进一步探索人工肝支持系统 (ALSS)治疗重型肝炎临床应用疗效 ,并研究其机制。方法　应用ALSS共治疗 2 35例重型肝炎患者。治疗前后检测了肝功能、内毒素含量等 ,并对部分患者检测血清乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)含量、氨基酸谱等。比较重型肝炎不同期应用ALSS治疗效果。结果　 10 8例重肝患者治疗后存活。ALSS治疗后 ,重型肝炎肝功能明显改善 ,血内毒素和HBV含量明显下降 ,血清蛋氨酸和芳香族氨基酸浓度下降 ,BCAA/AAA比值上升。早、中期重型肝炎患者应用ALSS治愈好转率远高于晚期重型肝炎患者。结论　人工肝治疗重型肝炎疗效可靠 ,在早、中期治疗最为适宜。     

Hepatitis B virus infection in medical and health care personnel

Analysis of 51 cases of hepatitis B virus infection in health care workers admitted as patients to the liver unit over seven years showed three healthy carriers of hepatitis B virus, seven cases of fulminant hepatic persistent hepatitis, 17 cases of chronic active hepatitis (of whom 11 had cirrhosis), and five cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. To date 11 of these patients have died. Only 15 of the 51 patients had a history of direct occupational exposure and only three patients could recall specific inoculation injuries. In contrast, the source of infection was apparent in 32 of 50 consecutive cases of fulminant hepatic failure or acute hepatitis B in nonmedical staff. Since specific inoculation injuries are not the usual mode of infection ion medical staff and since only a few of the patients who are hepatitis B virus carriers will be detected by selective screening of "high-risk" patients, the overall risk of infection can be reduced only by stricter precautions in the handling of any patient's blood and by the use of hepatitis B virus vaccines for medical staff at high risk.     

重型病毒性肝炎经输血传播病毒感染状况调查及其临床意义

目的：调查重型病毒性肝炎经输血传播病毒的感染状况。方法：设计ＴＴＶ基因的特异性引物,采用巢式ＰＣＲ法对３７例重型肝炎进行血清中ＴＴＶ ＤＮＡ的检测,并对ＴＴＶ ＤＮＡ阳性病例进行临床资料分析。结果：３７例重型肝炎中９例血清ＴＴＶ ＤＮＡ阳性（２４．３％）,其中７例重叠感染ＨＢＶ,１例重叠感染ＨＣＶ,１例为单纯ＴＴＶ感染,９例中急性重型肝炎,亚急性重型肝炎１例,亚急性重型肝炎６例,慢性重型肝炎２例;     

Orthotopic liver transplantation in a patient with Amanita poisoning

Orthotopic liver transplantation in patients with acute toxic hepatitis has not, to our knowledge, been reported. Our recent experience with orthotopic liver transplantation in a 3-year-old girl with acute hepatic failure secondary to Amanita poisoning is described. Aspects of Amanita toxin-induced pathophysiology pertinent to orthotopic liver transplantation are discussed. The results in this case provide important implications for patients with fulminant hepatic failure secondary to other hepatotoxic agents in whom liver transplantation is considered.     

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in Chinese patients with viral hepatitis and hepatic failure.

Anti-HCV assay with ORTHO kits was done in 100 blood donors and recipients and 374 cases of viral hepatitis, including 65 cases of fulminant, subacute and chronic hepatic failure. None of the 100 blood donors and recipients showed positive anti-HCV response. Anti-HCV was positive in 7.6% of the patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, 9.7% of the patients with chronic active hepatitis and 23.1% of the patients with liver cirrhosis. High prevalence of anti-HCV was observed in subacute hepatic failure (60.8%) and chronic hepatic failure (53.9%). Fifty-two (83.9%) of 62 anti-HCV positive cases were infected concurrently with HBV. The incidence of HBV replicating marker in patients with HCV or co-infected with HBV was lower than that of those with HBV alone. It is suggested that HCV might inhibit the replication of hepatitis B virus. The mortality rate of patients with anti-HCV positive hepatic failure was higher than that of those with HBV infection. Therefore, anti-viral therapy for anti-HCV positive hepatic failure should be considered.

     

Myocarditis and fulminant hepatic failure from coxsackievirus B infection

A case of fulminant hepatic failure in association with myocarditis is reported. Presentation suggested an acute hepatitis which was complicated by cardiac failure. Evidence of severe myocarditis was found at autopsy.