大鼠空间学习记忆能力测试的时反应量-效关系

目的:分析空间学习记忆大鼠行为模型实验的时反应量-效关系。方法:应用Morris水迷宫实验方法检测大鼠空间学习记忆功能,进行定位航行实验的逃避潜伏期、靶象限活动时间、游泳速度,空间探索实验的穿台时间、穿台次数等时反应指标的分析。结果:通过每日1次连续7d的Morris水迷宫定位航行实验,观察到随测试次数的增加,游泳速度保持相对稳定,而呈现逃避潜伏期逐渐缩短、靶象限活动时间百分比逐渐增大的时反应量-效关系(P<0.01),并能有效反映大鼠的空间学习功能。随后的一次性空间探索实验仅初期能反映空间记忆功能,后期则伴有记忆消退的过程。结论:Morris水迷宫实验的定位航行实验中逃避潜伏期和靶象限活动时间百分比指标存在能反映空间学习功能的特殊类型时反应量-效关系,但空间探索实验对空间记忆功能的代表性仍需进一步研究。     

睡眠剥夺对小鼠学习与记忆功能及海马突触素Ⅰ表达的影响

目的 观察睡眠剥夺对小鼠空间学习与记忆以及海马突触素Ⅰ(synapsin Ⅰ)表达的影响.方法 20只健康雌性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为两组:(1)剥夺睡眠组(SD,n=10),采用"轻触法"剥夺小鼠睡眠;(2)普通鼠笼对照组(CC,n=10).采用Morris水迷宫进行航行定位实验测定各组小鼠的平均逃避潜伏期、游泳速度,并进行空间探索实验测定动物在月台所在象限时间的百分比.通过Western blot方法检测小鼠海马结构突触素Ⅰ的表达.结果 睡眠剥夺组鼠到达月台的平均潜伏期大于对照组,而在月台所在象限时间的百分比明显低于对照组(P<0.05).睡眠剥夺组鼠海马结构突触囊素Ⅰ的相对含量较对照组低(P<0.01).结论 睡眠剥夺可能通过影响海马的突触可塑性而降低实验动物的空间学习和记忆能力.     

单侧磨牙缺失对老年性学习记忆减退大鼠空间记忆能力的影响

目的探讨单侧缺牙对不同学习记忆能力老年大鼠的空间记忆能力的影响.方法用Morris水迷宫筛选出老年记忆减退鼠和老年记忆正常鼠,拔除单侧磨牙后2个月,再用Morris水迷宫进行行为学测试.结果逃避潜伏期:老年记忆减退鼠拔牙组比对照组明显延长(P<0.01).平台象限游泳距离百分比:与其它象限比,老年记忆减退鼠拔牙组无明显差异,而其对照组、青年鼠、老年记忆正常鼠均明显提高(P<0.01,P<0.05).结论单侧磨牙缺失可加速老年性学习记忆减退鼠学习记忆能力的损害.     

单侧磨牙缺失对老年性学习记忆减退大鼠空间记忆能力的影响

目的 探讨单侧缺牙对不同学习记忆能力老年大鼠的空间记忆能力的影响。方法 用Morris水迷宫筛选出老年记忆减退鼠和老年记忆正常鼠，拔除单侧磨牙后2个月，再用Morris水迷宫进行行为学测试。结果 逃避潜伏期：老年记忆减退鼠拔牙组比对照组明显延长（P＜0．01）。平台象限游泳距离百分比：与其他象限比，老年记忆减退鼠拔牙组无明显差异，而其对照组、青年鼠、老年记忆正常鼠均明显提高（P＜0．01，P＜0．05）。结论单侧磨牙缺失可加速老年性学习记忆减退鼠学习记忆能力的损害。     

外源性硫化氢对海洛因成瘾大鼠学习记忆能力的影响

目的研究硫化氢对海洛因成瘾大鼠学习记忆能力的影响。方法实验动物随机分成3组：对照组、海洛因依赖（Heroin）组、海洛因依赖＋硫氢化钠（Heroin＋NariS）组。采用Morris水迷宫通过定位航行实验及空间探索实验测定各组大鼠学习记忆能力。结果①Morris水迷宫定位航行实验中,Heroin组和Heroin＋NariS组大鼠逃避潜伏期均较对照组明显延长（P〈0．01）,Heroin＋NariS组较Heroin组大鼠逃避潜伏期缩短（P〈0．01）。②空间探索实验中,Heroin组和Heroin＋NariS组与对照组比较,原平台所在象限（第四象限）游泳时间均显著缩短（P〈0．01）,且Heroin组第四象限游泳距离占总距离的百分比以及穿越平台次数均较对照组明显减少（P〈0．01）;Heroin＋NariS组与Heroin组比较,第四象限游泳时间延长（P〈0．01）,第四象限游泳距离占总距离的百分比增大（P〈0．01）,穿越平台次数也增多愀0．05）。结论海洛因成瘾可损害大鼠的学习记忆能力,外源性H2S供体NaHS减轻了海洛因对大鼠学习记忆的损害。     

海洛因成瘾对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响

目的研究海洛因成瘾对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响。方法实验随机分成3组：海洛因成瘾组、海洛因成瘾后戒断组和对照组。采用Morris水迷宫对各组大鼠进行学习记忆能力检测。结果①在Morris水迷宫定位航行实验中，三组动物逃避潜伏期和搜索距离均随训练进程逐渐缩短，其中成瘾组的成绩大于戒断组和对照组（P〈0．01）；②在Morris水迷宫空间搜索实验中，海洛因成瘾组和戒断组大鼠原平台所在象限的搜索时间及原平台象限游泳距离占总距离百分比均明显小于对照组（P〈0．01），其中成瘾组大鼠的成绩又小于戒断组大鼠（P〈0．05）。结论海洛因成瘾可损害大鼠的学习记忆能力。     

GLP-1对链尿佐菌素诱导的痴呆大鼠在Morris水迷宫中行为学的保护作用

目的探讨胰高血糖素样多肽1（GLP-1）对链尿佐菌素（STZ）所诱导的阿尔茨海默病（AD）样大鼠实验动物模型在行为学和病理学的作用。方法将24只大鼠随机平均分成对照组、AD模型组和GLP-1保护组。对照组侧脑室予以注射生理盐水;AD模型组侧脑室注射STZ;GLP-1保护组侧脑室注射STZ＋GLP-1。Morris水迷宫检测学习记忆功能。结果Morris水迷宫定位航行实验,AD模型组的逃避潜伏期比对照组和GLP-1保护组的都长,而对照组与GLP-1保护组间的逃避潜伏期无差异;空间探索实验,对照组、AD模型组和GLP-1保护组在原平台象限游泳时间与总时间比分别为（49．00±3．04）％、（28．92±4．08）％、（32．30±4．52）％。结论GLP-1能改善AD模型大鼠的学习记忆功能。     

七氟醚对小鼠空间学习和记忆能力的影响

目的 通过Morris水迷宫实验,评价七氟醚麻醉对小鼠空间学习和记忆能力的影响.方法 将24只C57BL/6品系小鼠分为麻醉组(n=12)和对照组(n=12),两组小鼠分别给予七氟醚麻醉120 min和吸纯氧120 min,均于次日开始进行Morris水迷宫实验,包括4 d训练和1 d探索实验.训练期记录平均游泳速度、潜伏期和游泳距离.探索期记录穿越平台次数、平台象限滞留时间和平台象限滞留时间百分比.并进行统计学分析.结果 训练期第2～4天,麻醉组小鼠潜伏期明显短于对照组(P＜0.05);在训练期第2天,麻醉组小鼠的游泳距离也明显短于对照组(P＜0.05).探索实验显示,与对照组比较,麻醉组小鼠平台象限滞留时间和平台象限滞留时间百分比明显增加(P＜0.05).结论 七氟醚麻醉具有增强小鼠空间学习和记忆能力的作用.     

七氟醚对小鼠空间学习和记忆能力的影响

目的通过Morris水迷宫实验,评价七氟醚麻醉对小鼠空间学习和记忆能力的影响。方法将24只C57BL/6品系小鼠分为麻醉组(n=12)和对照组(n=12),两组小鼠分别给予七氟醚麻醉120 min和吸纯氧120 min,均于次日开始进行Morris水迷宫实验,包括4 d训练和1 d探索实验。训练期记录平均游泳速度、潜伏期和游泳距离。探索期记录穿越平台次数、平台象限滞留时间和平台象限滞留时间百分比,并进行统计学分析。结果训练期第2～4天,麻醉组小鼠潜伏期明显短于对照组(P<0.05);在训练期第2天,麻醉组小鼠的游泳距离也明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。探索实验显示,与对照组比较,麻醉组小鼠平台象限滞留时间和平台象限滞留时间百分比明显增加(P<0.05)。结论七氟醚麻醉具有增强小鼠空间学习和记忆能力的作用。     

大鼠空间学习记忆和海马长时程增强的相关性研究

目的 探讨生理或病理状态下大鼠海马突触可塑性和空间学习记忆的相关性,为在体电生理实验和行为学实验结果的一致性提供依据.方法 按照随机数字表随机选择SD大鼠38只,进行Morris 水迷宫空间学习记忆行为学和在体海马晚期长时程增强(L-LTP)电生理实验.主要指标包括大鼠连续5d定位航行试验寻找水下平台的逃避潜伏期、撤除平台后空间探索试验的目标象限游泳时间百分比以及高频刺激后3h的场兴奋性突触后电位(fEPSP).结果 双侧海马注射4 nmol Aβ25-35明显伤害了大鼠水迷宫实验中的空间学习记忆能力(P＜0.05)和在体海马L-LTP(P＜0.05).正常对照组大鼠L-LTP与逃避潜伏期呈现明显负相关(r=-0.8306,P＜0.01),与目标象限游泳时间百分比呈现明显正相关(r=0.7709,P＜0.01);AD模型组大鼠3h后fEPSP幅度也与逃避潜伏期具有明显负相关(r=-0.7675,P＜0.01),与目标象限游泳时间百分比正相关( r=0.8049,P＜0.01);将两组大鼠数据合并后,海马L-LTP与逃避潜伏期和目标象限游泳时间百分比的相关性更高,分别为r=-0.9124 (P＜0.01)和r=0.9745 (P＜0.01).结论 大鼠在体海马L-LTP电生理记录与空间学习记忆行为学测试结果具有良好的相关性,提示海马L-LTP可能是行为学改变的电生理机制,其损伤可以在一定程度上反映动物学习记忆功能障碍.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.