交通多发伤168例急诊救治分析

目的探讨交通多发伤的诊断和治疗方法,以减少误诊和漏诊,提高救治成功率。方法对2009年中168例交通多发伤进行CRAMS创伤评分以指导临床抢救和治疗。结果全组治愈148例（91.6%）,死亡20例（8.4%）。死因分别为失血性休克、脑疝、MODS等。结论①多发伤的诊断：要求做到快、准、全。②多发伤的临床特点：a.各部位的创伤具有不同表现和危险性;b.休克发生率高;c.感染发生率高;d.易发生MODS。③多发伤的急救要点：重点应放在对失血性休克、急性呼吸功能障碍及脑疝。④多发伤救治的手术原则：应在充分复苏的前提下,用最简单的手术方式、最快的速度修补损伤的脏器,减轻伤员的负担,降低手术的危险性,抢救伤员的生命。     

急诊多发伤患者危险因素及急救措施研究

【摘要】目的：探究急诊多发伤患者的危险因素，并制定出有效的急救措施，以提升急诊多发伤患者的生存率。方法：选取2013年5月～2015年5月本院急诊科收治的多发伤患者1135例为观察对象，对相关资料进行回顾性分析，以了解多发伤患者的危险因素，并根据其结果制定出有效的急救措施。结果：患者的年龄、损伤部位数、ISS评分和就诊时间均为影响患者急救效果的危险因素。结论：重视患者的年龄、损伤部位数、ISS评分和就诊时间等危险因素对急诊多发伤患者的影响，并以此为重点制定有效的急救措施。     

无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤疗效的相关因素研究

目的:探究无骨折脱位型脊髓损伤不同治疗方式的效果以及影响疗效的相关因素分析。方法:选择2011年1月-2013年6月在本院骨科接受治疗的无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤患者127例。根据治疗方式分为观察组(手术治疗84例)和对照组(保守治疗43例)。对所有患者的治疗效果应用JOA评分进行判定,记录受伤至手术时间、伤后脊髓功能状态以及随访结果。结果:观察组JOA改善率高于对照组,且通过Logistic回归性分析得到影响疗效的4个因素:伤后脊髓功能状态为Ⅰ度、伤后至手术时间、是否进行康复训练以及治疗方式。结论:无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤应用手术治疗效果好于保守治疗,且及时治疗加以术后适当的康复训练能明显改善疗效。     

老年多发伤患者短期内并发多器官功能障碍综合征的危险因素分析

探讨影响老年多发伤患者短期内并发多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2010年11月～2020年8月江苏大学附属医院收治的130例老年多发伤患者的临床资料,根据患者是否在入院4周内并发MODS分为MODS组（n=42）和非MODS组（n=88）。比较两组性别、年龄、致伤原因、入院前时间、损伤部位数目、主要损伤部位、损伤严重度评分（ISS）、D二聚体水平、动脉血乳酸水平、急性生理与慢性健康状况（APACHEIII）评分、是否急诊手术、是否输血和是否合并脓毒症等13个临床指标。通过单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析探讨影响老年多发伤患者短期内并发MODS的危险因素。结果 单因素分析显示主要损伤部位、ISS、D二聚体水平、动脉血乳酸水平、APACHEIII评分、是否急诊手术和是否合并脓毒症共7个临床指标在两组间比较有统计学差异（P＜0.05）,而性别、年龄、致伤原因、入院前时间、损伤部位数目和是否输血共6个临床指标在两组间比较无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示主要损伤部位、ISS、D二聚体水平、动脉血乳酸水平、APACHEIII评分和是否合并脓毒症共6个临床指标是影响老年多发伤患者短期内并发MODS的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论 影响老年多发伤患者短期内并发MODS的独立危险因素包括主要损伤部位、ISS、D二聚体水平、动脉血乳酸水平、APACHEIII评分和是否合并脓毒症。重视主要损伤部位、损伤严重程度、凝血功能和综合病情危重程度的评估,同时有效液体复苏,改善微循环及维护内环境稳定并预防感染可降低老年多发伤患者短期内并发MODS的风险。     

腹部损伤为主的多发伤患者二期骨折手术的时机

目的：探讨腹部闭合性损伤合并下肢骨折多发伤患者二期骨折手术时机。方法：通过比较67例腹部闭合性损伤合并下肢骨折多发伤患者的并发症发生率和住院时间,观察骨折急诊固定（21例）和延期固定(30例)对疗效的影响。结果：骨折急诊固定组在住院时间、早期肺部并发症、骨折晚期并发症发生率方面均低于延期固定组。结论：在治疗有腹部闭合性...     

高速路交通致腹部闭合性损伤37例诊治分析

目的 :提高早期高速路交通伤伴腹部闭合性损伤的诊断和手术治疗水平。方法 :3年多急救高速路交通伤 2 2 16人 ,多发伤伴腹部闭合性损伤 37例。均行剖腹手术 ,腹内主要脏器损伤依次是脾、肝、大小肠等。结果 :存活 34例 ,由于首次手术处置不当或遗漏损伤脏器再次手术 2例 ,死亡 3例 ,总病死率 8.1%。结论 :在高速路交通伤中 ,腹部闭合性损伤多伴有多发伤 ,早期手术救治是抢救成功的关键所在。多脏器损伤处理坚持保全生命第一 ,保全器官第二的手术原则     

180例多发伤的诊治体会

多发伤是指同一致伤因素打击下机体同时或相继发生的2个或2个以上部位的损伤，其中1个部位的损伤危及生命。随着交通及建筑业的不断发展，农民工的大量进城，道路的拥挤，多发伤的发病率逐渐增多，因此我们必须增强对多发伤发病机制及病理生理的进一步的认识，这样才能提高抢救成功率。现将我院自2000年10月1日-2006年10月1日收治的180例多发伤救治体会报告如下：     

坠落伤与交通事故伤患者创伤部位及抢救效果比较

目的：探讨交通事故伤与坠落伤创伤部位的差异、抢救方案和效果。方法：回顾性分析160例由坠落伤与交通事故伤导致的脊柱骨折患者的临床资料,记录患者的致伤原因、骨折部位、骨折类型、救治措施,评价其治疗效果。结果：坠落伤以椎弓根骨折、椎板骨折、小关节骨折多见,高于交通致伤骨折（P＜0.05）;交通致伤骨折类型则多为爆裂骨折与压缩骨折,坠落伤脊髓损伤分级多为C级,高于交通事故伤的10.2%。交通事故伤以A级、B级、E级骨髓损伤常见,其中A、E级所占比例高于坠落伤（P＜0.05）;交通事故伤患者治疗总有效率与坠落伤对比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：多节段脊柱骨折有其复杂性特征,在临床诊断、急救及治疗方式的确立方面需从致伤原因、损伤类型等方面作综合性考虑。     

煤矿多发性骨折273例流行病学分析

目的 探讨位于丘陵、山地特殊地质地貌下,煤矿生产过程中造成多发性骨折的构成特征,为其防治提供客观依据.方法 回顾性分析273例多发骨折病人的年龄分布、致伤因素、骨折部位、致伤类型、住院时间、治疗结果.结果 煤矿事故致多发骨折伤主要集中在35～ 50岁的壮年男性劳动者,闭合骨折168例,占62％;开放骨折105例,占38％.住院天数5～266天,平均135天;多为严重多发伤,往往伴发多器官、多组织创伤,且易造成多部位骨折.结论 近年煤矿事故多发骨折高发病率主要集中在壮年,煤矿石砸伤及煤矿车挤压伤为其主要致伤因素,下肢和脊柱及头颅和肋骨是煤矿多发骨折的主要损伤部位;同时,煤矿事故致多发骨折损伤部位多,开放伤多,伴发复合损伤多.应根据不同致伤原因、致伤部位采取相应的预防、治疗措施.     

高压氧治疗重型颅脑损伤合并多发伤的相关因素分析

目的探讨高压氧治疗重型颅脑损伤合并多发伤的时机和疗程,并对影响其预后相关因素进行分析。方法分析海军总医院高压氧科住院进行高压氧治疗的96例重型颅脑损伤合并多发伤患者的临床资料。96例患者分别依据伤后开始高压氧治疗时间的不同分成≤30d组和〉30d组,依据高压氧治疗次数的不同分成≤30次组和〉30次组,比较不同组间治疗前后的残疾分级量表（DRS）评分;考虑的可能影响预后的因素为：性别、年龄、既往史、脑部手术、气管切开、脑疝、合并伤的种类、脑损伤的类型等,在伤后半年根据格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GOS）分级标准进行预后分组,将上述因素进行单因素分析和Logistic多因素回归分析。结果≤30d组治疗后DRS评分明显低于〉30d组,差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）;≤30次组和〉30次组治疗后DRS评分比较无差异（P〉0．05）;影响预后的主要因素包括：年龄、合并肺挫裂伤、合并脊柱骨折、发生脑疝、发生原发脑干损伤（P〈0．05）。结论年龄超过45岁,发生脑疝、原发脑干损伤,合并肺挫裂伤、脊柱骨折的重型颅脑损伤合并多发伤患者预后差;伤后30天内开始高压氧治疗是合适的治疗时机,可以促进病情的恢复,降低残疾程度。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.