克力芝联合方案治疗HIV/AIDS患者的临床研究

目的分析和研究克力芝联合方案治疗HIV/AIDS患者的临床效果。方法选取本院在2013年10月-2016年10月期间收治的31例HIV/AIDS患者,对所有患者都进行克力芝联合方案治疗,观察患者在治疗后的不同时间段内HIV病毒载量和CD_4~+T细胞计数的变化情况。结果在治疗后,所有患者的HIV病毒载量下限和CD_4~+T细胞计数中位数都要显著高于基线水平,P0.05,差异比较具有统计学意义。结论采用克力芝联合方案治疗HIV/AIDS患者,具有良好的治疗效果,和临床应用价值,值得推广。     

南京地区HIV/AIDS患者一线抗病毒治疗失败相关因素分析

目的: 分析南京地区人类免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（HIV/AIDS）患者一线抗病毒治疗失败的危险因素,提前预警以降低一线治疗的失败率。方法：回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年9月在南京市第二医院感染科门诊启动一线抗病毒治疗并随访至2020年3月的HIV/AIDS患者基线人口学和随访资料,在此期间有耐药基因检测证实一线抗HIV治疗失败、更换含有洛匹那韦/利托那韦（LPV/r）的免费二线方案患者为治疗失败组,以同期病毒持续抑制患者作为对照,通过 Logistic 回归分析治疗失败的相关危险因素。结果：纳入的1 739例HIV/AIDS患者中有44例（2.5%）因病毒学失败更换含LPV/r的二线治疗方案。基线CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞计数<200个/μL (OR=13.105,95% CI：5.025~34.176)和基线病毒载量≥1×10⁵ 拷贝/mL (OR=2.491,95% CI：1.210~5.128)是一线治疗失败的危险因素;一线治疗失败与性别、年龄、婚姻状况、体重指数、传播途径、从确诊到治疗间隔时长、是否有基本医疗保险无关。结论：一线治疗失败的发生与低基线CD4⁺ T淋巴细胞计数和高基线病毒载量有关,具有危险因素的患者需重点关注。     

HIV感染者和AIDS患者外周血T淋巴细胞活化亚群与病毒载量的相关性分析

目的探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)患者外周血T淋巴细胞活化亚群与病毒载量的相关性。方法选取2013年2月至2016年8月郑州市第六人民医院收治的49例HIV感染者及AIDS患者,根据疾病类型分为HIV组与AIDS组。入院后均抽取患者空腹外周静脉血分离送检,采用FACS Calibur流式细胞仪对T淋巴细胞亚群CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+进行计数,并计算CD4~+/CD8~+比值,以全自动病毒载量仪检测HIV病毒载量。结果 HIV组CD3~+、CD4~+数目多于AIDS组,CD4~+/CD8~+水平高于AIDS组,HIV RNA载量小于AIDS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HIV RNA载量水平与CD3~+无相关性,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HIV感染者与AIDS患者外周血T淋巴细胞活化亚群CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+与病毒载量呈负相关,随病毒载量水平升高,患者免疫功能亦会明显下降。     

AIDS合并结核病患者抗结核联合HAART治疗后HIV基因型耐药研究

目的探讨抗结核治疗联合高效抗反转录病毒治疗(HAART)对AIDS合并结核病(AIDS/TB)患者HIV耐药性的影响。方法 101例AIDS患者(对照组)接受HAART,实验组126例AIDS/TB患者(实验组)抗结核治疗2~8周后开始HAART。监测两组患者的HIV病毒载量及CD4+T细胞计数,对HIV病毒载量大于1 000拷贝/ml的患者进行基因型耐药检测,比较两组耐药情况及HAART疗效。结果治疗24周时,实验组有7例患者病毒载量大于1 000拷贝/ml,其中1例检测出耐药突变基因,为蛋白酶(PR)基因检测次要耐药位点;对照组有1例病毒载量大于1 000拷贝/ml,但未检出HIV耐药突变基因。两组患者基因型耐药发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者治疗后CD4+T细胞计数均较治疗前上升,但两组组间治疗前后CD4+T细胞计数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗48周时两组患者病毒载量均低于检测下限。结论 AIDS/TB双重感染者同时接受抗结核及HAART,未导致HIV耐药性的产生。     

呼和浩特市艾滋病抗病毒治疗分析

目的了解呼和浩特市HIV/AIDS抗病毒治疗1年的临床效果。方法通过"国家艾滋病网络直报系统"收集2012年至2016年574例HIV/AIDS抗病毒随访记录和检测信息,并对人口学特征、CD_4~+T淋巴细胞计数和病毒载量等进行分析。结果经抗病毒治疗1年后,HIV/AIDS CD4+T淋巴细胞计数明显增长(P0.05);同时有93.73%(538/574)的HIV/AIDS艾滋病病毒载量降至100copies/m L以下。结论呼和浩特市艾滋病抗病毒治疗效果明显。     

T细胞第二信号受体-CD28分子在HIV/AIDS患者中的异常改变

目的研究T细胞第二信号受体-CD28分子在人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者中的异常改变,探讨其临床意义。方法采用流式细胞术检测HIV/AIDS患者外周血CD4 T细胞表面CD28分子的表达,对278例未接受过高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)的患者进行横断面研究,对其中59例接受规律HAART的患者于开始治疗前,治疗后第1、3、6、9、12月末进行随访。以56例健康献血员作为正常对照。结果HIV/AIDS患者外周血CD4 T细胞表面CD28分子表达显著下调(P<0.001),且CD28分子表达比例与其CD4 T细胞计数呈正相关(r=0.484,P<0.001),与血浆病毒载量呈负相关(r=-0.300,P<0.001)。给予HAART1个月后CD4 T细胞的CD28表达比例中位数由75%快速恢复至90%(P<0.001)。HAART期间6个时间点的CD28表达比例中位数与病毒载量中位数呈负相关(r=-0.829,P=0.042),与CD4 T细胞计数中位数之间未发现显著相关性。结论HIV/AIDS患者外周血CD4 T细胞表面CD28分子表达明显减少,HAART可有效重建CD4 T细胞功能亚群(CD4 CD28 T)的数量,HAART后CD28表达上调可能与病毒载量的控制密切相关。     

HIV感染者和AIDS患者外周血T淋巴细胞活化亚群与病毒载量的相关性

目的 探讨HIV感染者和AIDS患者外周血T淋巴细胞活化亚群与病毒载量相关性。方法 2012年6-8月选择河南省某AIDS高发地区HIV感染者322例和AIDS患者87例为研究对象,分别采用流式细胞仪和全自动病毒载量仪检测HIV感染者和AIDS患者外周血T淋巴细胞及其活化亚群和血浆病毒载量,根据病毒载量水平将研究对象分为Ⅰ～Ⅳ组。结果 HIV感染者与AIDS患者CD+3T细胞相对值、CD+28/CD+4比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。HIV感染者淋巴细胞绝对值和相对值、CD+3T细胞绝对值、CD+3CD+8T细胞绝对值、CD+3CD+4T细胞绝对值和相对值、CD+3CD+4CD+8T细胞绝对值均高于AIDS患者,CD+3CD+8T细胞相对值低于AIDS患者,辅助性T细胞与抑制性T细胞比值（H/S）、CD+28/CD+8高于AIDS患者,CD+38/CD+8低于AIDS患者,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。各组淋巴细胞绝对值和相对值、CD+3T细胞相对值、CD+3CD+8T细胞相对值、CD+3CD+4T细胞绝对值和相对值及H/S、CD+28/CD+4、CD+28/CD+8、CD+38/CD+8比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。CD+3T细胞相对值、CD+3CD+8T细胞相对值及CD+38/CD+8与病毒载量水平呈正相关（rs=0.128、0.291、0.409,P＜0.05）;CD+3CD+4T细胞绝对值和相对值、H/S、CD+28/CD+4、CD+28/CD+8与病毒载量水平呈负相关（rs=-0.246、-0.318、-0.297、-0.184、-0.204,P＜0.05）。结论 HIV感染者和AIDS患者T淋巴细胞活化过程发生变化|随着病毒载量水平变化,HIV感染者和AIDS患者的T淋巴细胞活化亚群水平也不同。     

HIV/AIDS合并HCV患者血红蛋白、肝功能与CD4+T细胞计数关系探讨

目的:探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(HIV/AIDS)合并丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)患者血红蛋白与肝功能、CD4+T细胞计数之间的相关性,以期运用观察血红蛋白判断HIV/AIDS合并HCV的预后.方法:采用回顾性分析方法将抗病毒治疗前的HIV/AIDS及HIV/AIDS合并HCV患者分别分为A、B、C组,进行肝功能、血红蛋白、CD4+T细胞计数的观察,予组间比较及统计学分析.结果:HIV/AIDS及HIV/AIDS合并HCV患者A、B、C组各组间贫血发生率有统计学差异(P＜0.05),HIV/AIDS组中随CD4+T细胞计数下降贫血发生率增高,HIV/AIDS合并HCV组中随CD4+T细胞计数下降贫血发生率有不同程度升高.HIV/AIDS及HIV/AIDS合并HCV各组间肝功能与CD4+T细胞计数无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:HIV/AIDS合并HCV发生贫血亦较为常见.     

中医药配合HAART对HIV/AIDS患者CD4+T细胞及病毒载量影响的研究

目的:观察中医药配合HAART对HIV/AIDS患者CD4+T细胞及病毒载量的影响。方法:将180例HIV/AIDS患者随机分成2组,治疗组予以芩花解毒胶囊,艾可清颗粒以及HAART治疗,对照组予以HAART治疗,分别于治疗前后检测患者CD4+T细胞、病毒载量变化以及安全性指标。结果:治疗前后CD4+T细胞绝对计数治疗组与对照组比较均能显著提高(P0.05),治疗组与对照组CD4+T细胞计数与CD4+T细胞上升幅度无显著性差异(P0.05)。安全性方面治疗组并未出现血常规、肝功能以及肾功能,相反,血常规和肝肾功能方面有改善的趋势。结论:艾可清颗粒与芩花解毒胶囊没有影响HAART的免疫学疗效,同时可以改善HIV/AIDS患者血常规、肝肾功能方面的问题以及尿黄、盗汗和便秘等症状。     

成年人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者/艾滋病患者长期抗病毒治疗后免疫功能重建分析

背景　抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）使人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者/艾滋病（AIDS）患者寿命得以延长,但ART后患者长期免疫功能重建状态数据有限。近年来CD4+T淋巴细胞（简称CD4细胞）：CD8+T淋巴细胞（简称CD8细胞）比值（CD4∶CD8比值）作为免疫状态评估的重要指标之一,准确了解患者ART后免疫重建情况至关重要,为临床医师管理及治疗提供可供参考的指标。目的　探讨HIV感染者/AIDS患者ART后免疫功能重建情况。方法　连续收集2014年7月就诊于成都市公共卫生临床医疗中心感染科门诊,并使用替诺福韦酯（TDF）+拉米夫定（3TC）+依非韦伦（EFV）方案完成ART 48个月的HIV感染者/AIDS患者98例,分析基线及ART 6、12、24、36、48个月免疫标志物变化,对观察终点CD4∶CD8比值进行相关性分析。结果　基线、ART 6、12、24、36、48个月,患者CD4细胞计数、CD8细胞计数、CD4细胞恢复率、CD4∶CD8比值、CD4∶CD8比值正常化、多重T细胞重建所占比例比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。基线CD4细胞计数≤200、201~349、≥350个/μl患者中,不同基线及各随访时间点CD4∶CD8比值比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）;不同基线及各随访时间点CD4∶CD8比值正常化比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。ART 48个月,CD4细胞计数≥500个/μl、CD4∶CD8比值正常化、多重T细胞重建分别占59.8%（58/97）、22.7%（22/97）、19.6%（19/97）。ART 48个月后,CD4∶CD8比值与基线CD4细胞计数（rs=0.269,P=0.01）、基线CD4∶CD8比值（rs=0.592,P<0.01）呈正相关,与基线CD8细胞计数（rs=-0.355,P<0.01）呈负相关,与年龄（rs=0.129,P=0.21）、HIV确诊至ART启动时间（rs=-0.141,P=0.17）、HIV-RNA病毒载量（VL）（rs=0.145,P=0.15）无关。结论　长期ART成功的HIV感染者/AIDS患者仍存在免疫功能重建不良。CD4∶CD8比值与基线免疫水平相关,未来仍需大样本长时间的研究。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.