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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 18 毫秒
1.
目的探讨通过下食管括约肌(lower esophageal sphincter,LES)扩张建立咽喉反流性疾病(laryngophyngeal reflux disease,LPRD)模型的可行性。方法18只新西兰白兔随机分为实验组10只和对照组8只,对实验组动物进行LES测压定位后,使用球囊对LES进行注水扩张,对照组同法置入球囊,但不进行球囊注水。扩张前1周及扩张后2周行咽喉及食管下段pH监测,LES平均静息压检测;扩张前1周、扩张后2周及8周行喉镜检查,进行喉镜下反流体征评分;扩张后8周处死动物,对其喉部及食管下段黏膜取材,光镜下观察其病理变化。结果扩张后pH监测验证实验组造模成功8只(80.0%,8/10),实验组扩张前咽喉酸反流时间百分比(%)、反流事件数(次)、反流最长时间(s)分别为0(0,0)、0(0,0)、0(0,0),扩张后分别为17.5(8.2,29.4)、3(1,5.5)、17.2(10.2,30.8),较扩张前增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。实验组扩张前食管下段pH监测酸反流时间百分比、反流事件数、反流最长时间分别为0(0,0.7)、0(0,1)、0(0,1.2),扩张后分别为23.1(4.8,49.5)、3(1,6)、25.9(11.5,56.8),较扩张前增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。实验组扩张前LES压力28.0±5.6 mmHg,较扩张后(17.2±3.3 mmHg)升高,差异有统计学差异(P=0.001);实验组扩张前RFS评分3.1±1.2分,扩张后2周为3.6±1.4分,扩张后8周为8.6±2.5分,扩张前和扩张后2周差异无统计学意义(P=0.482),但扩张前与扩张后8周差异有统计学意义(P=0.005)。病理检查示实验组喉部及食管黏膜均可观察到不同程度慢性炎症。结论食管下括约肌球囊扩张可安全、有效地建立LPRD动物模型。  相似文献   
2.
Post-induction hypotension is common and associated with postoperative complications. We hypothesised that pneumatic leg compression reduces post-induction hypotension in elderly patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. In this double-blind randomised study, patients were allocated randomly to the pneumatic leg compression group (n = 50) or control (n = 50). In the intervention group, pneumatic leg compression was initiated before induction of anaesthesia. In the control group, pneumatic leg compression was initiated 20 min after anaesthesia induction. The primary outcome was the incidence of post-induction hypotension in these groups. Post-induction hypotension was defined as systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg during the first 20 min after induction. Haemodynamic variables and area under the curve of post-induction systolic blood pressure over time were assessed. Complications associated with pneumatic leg compression were recorded, including: peripheral neuropathy; compartment syndrome; extensive bullae beneath the leg sleeves; and pulmonary thromboembolism. The incidence of post-induction hypotension decreased in the pneumatic leg compression group compared with that in the control group; 5 (10%) vs. 29 (58%), respectively, p < 0.001. In the pneumatic leg compression group, the lowest systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures 20 min after induction of anaesthesia were significantly greater than the control group. Pneumatic leg compression resulted in an increased area under the curve of systolic blood pressure in the first 20 min after induction, p = 0.001. There were no pneumatic leg compression-related complications. Pneumatic leg compression reduced post-induction hypotension in elderly patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy, suggesting that it is an effective and safe intervention to prevent post-induction hypotension among elderly patients undergoing general anaesthesia.  相似文献   
3.
目的 探讨CD147减轻过氧化氢诱导的细胞氧化应激对前列腺癌细胞(LNCaP)损伤的作用。方法 利用慢病毒系统建立沉默CD147的前列腺癌细胞模型(LNCaP/shCD147细胞),同时设立阴性对照细胞(LNCaP/Scramble细胞),并进行RT-qPCR验证。通过检测LNCaP/shCD147和LNCaP/Scramble两种细胞中活性氧(ROS)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量以验证沉默CD147后前列腺癌细胞氧化应激和抗氧化酶的变化;而后向细胞内加入过氧化氢(H2O2),CCK-8法检测细胞生长;Western blot检测核因子E2相关因子(Nrf2)和血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)的表达变化,验证沉默CD147后前列腺癌细胞发生的氧化应激与PI3K/AKT信号通路之间的关系。结果 成功构建沉默CD147的前列腺癌细胞模型,与LNCaP/Scramble细胞相比,mRNA中CD147表达量降低(P<0.01)。氧化应激结果显示沉默CD147后细胞内ROS和MDA含量增高...  相似文献   
4.
目的 探讨强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS) 脊柱Andersson损害(Andersson lesions,AL) 的磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)特征。方法 回顾性分析2018年7月-2021年11月在哈尔滨工业大学医院放射科、2018年1月-2021年11月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院MRI诊断科进行脊柱MRI检查的AS患者78例,依据MRI表现,将出现AL的AS患者分为炎症型组(n=23)和创伤型组(n=10),并比较两组临床资料。结果 78例AS患者中出现AL 33例,检出率为42.3%。创伤型组改良Stoke强直性脊柱炎脊柱评分(modified Stoke ankylosing spondylitis spine score, mSASSS)高于炎症型组(P<0.05)。两组受累椎体-椎间盘单元(discovertebral units,DVUs)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),MRI影像学特点不同。相关分析显示,红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、人类白细胞抗原-B27(human leukocyte antigen-B27,HLA-B27)、Bath强直性脊柱炎病情活动指数(Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index, BASDAI)、mSASSS与受累DVUs数量均无相关性(P>0.05)。结论 AL在AS患者中并不罕见,炎症型AL与创伤型AL有不同的MRI表现,MRI在检测和评价AL中具有重要价值。  相似文献   
5.
Gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) is the most common cancer with a poor prognosis. Currently, surgery is the main treatment for GIC. However, the high rate of postoperative recurrence leads to a low five-year survival rate. In recent years, immunotherapy has received much attention. As the only immunotherapy drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) drugs have great potential in cancer therapy. Nevertheless, the efficacy of ICB treatment is greatly limited by the low immunogenicity and immunosuppressive microenvironment of GIC. Therefore, the targets of immunotherapy have expanded from ICB to increasing tumor immunogenicity, increasing the recruitment and maturation of immune cells and reducing the proportion of inhibitory immune cells, such as M2-like macrophages, regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Moreover, with the development of nanotechnology, a variety of nanoparticles have been approved by the FDA for clinical therapy, so novel nanodrug delivery systems have become a research focus for anticancer therapy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application of immunotherapy-based nanoparticles in GICs, such as gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, and described the existing challenges and future trends.  相似文献   
6.
7.
AIM: To investigate the clinical characteristics and genetic features of a Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) proband in a Chinese family. METHODS: A Chinese female diagnosed with BCD complicated by bilateral choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and her parents underwent complete ophthalmic examinations, including fundus autofluorescence (AF), fundus photography (FP), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), visual field testing, full-field electroretinography (ERG), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The sequencing of the CYP4V2 gene was performed to the whole family. RESULTS: Bilateral tiny glittering crystal-like deposits and differing extent of atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were found in the posterior pole of her fundus. The diffuse hypo-fluorescence shown on AF images and window defects shown on FFA both indicated the atrophy of the RPE and choriocapillaris. OCT showed the thinning of the RPE and choriocapillaris layer, ellipsoid zone (EZ) band defect and CNV in both eyes. OCTA images proofed bilateral type 2 CNV. The visual field test showed central and paracentral scotoma. ERG showed a slightly decreased b-wave in scotopic ERG. Gene sequencing identified three mutations of the CYP4V2 gene, c.802_807del, c.810delT, and c.1388G>A. The mutation c.1388G>A was a novel substitution mutation. CONCLUSION: The novel mutation c.1388G>A may be a possible cause that could induce the clinical phenotype of BCD.  相似文献   
8.
刘凌云  毛涵  朱袭嘉 《天津医药》2022,50(9):902-906
目的 通过实验探讨慢病毒转染调控FoxM1表达对人肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)增殖、侵袭能力及基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-9和MMP-2表达的影响。方法 Western blot检测ICC细胞株HCCC-9810、RBE及SSP-25的FoxM1蛋白表达水平,选取表达量较低者作为上调FoxM1细胞株,较高者作为下调细胞株;将分别携带FoxM1质粒和shRNA的慢病毒载体转染目标上调和下调ICC细胞株,建立稳定上下调FoxM1的细胞株(Western blot验证);MTT法检测转染后细胞增殖力,Transwell侵袭实验检测细胞侵袭能力;qPCR检测各组稳定转染细胞株MMP-9及MMP-2 mRNA表达水平。结果 SSP-25的FoxM1蛋白表达最高,HCCC-9810最低,由此选取SSP-25作为下调FoxM1表达目标细胞株,HCCC-9810作为上调FoxM1表达目标细胞株。慢病毒转染成功构建稳定上调(HCCC-9810-FoxM1组)及下调FoxM1细胞株(SSP-25-shFoxM1组);HCCC-9810-FoxM1组增殖及侵袭能力明显高于HCCC-9810-Control组(均P<0.05),而SSP-25-shFoxM1组增殖及侵袭能力较SSP-25-Control组明显下降(均P<0.05);HCCC-9810-FoxM1组中MMP-9及MMP-2 mRNA表达较HCCC-9810-Control组明显升高,而SSP-25-shFoxM1组中MMP-9及MMP-2 mRNA表达较SSP-25-Control组明显降低(均P<0.01)。结论 FoxM1促进ICC细胞增殖及侵袭,可能调控MMP-9及MMP-2表达,也有可能作为ICC潜在的生物标志物。  相似文献   
9.
Xiao  Suyun  Wang  Liyun  Han  Wei  Gu  Liyun  Cui  Xiuming  Wang  Chengxiao 《Pharmaceutical research》2022,39(10):2431-2446
Pharmaceutical Research - In this study, a novel hydrogel system incorporating an amino acid–based deep eutectic solvent (DES) was prepared, and the skin-permeation enhancement of traditional...  相似文献   
10.
Background

Vaccination prevents severe morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 in the general population. The immunogenicity and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with antibody deficiency is poorly understood.

Objectives

COVID-19 in patients with antibody deficiency (COV-AD) is a multi-site UK study that aims to determine the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in patients with primary or secondary antibody deficiency, a population that suffers from severe and recurrent infection and does not respond well to vaccination.

Methods

Individuals on immunoglobulin replacement therapy or with an IgG less than 4 g/L receiving antibiotic prophylaxis were recruited from April 2021. Serological and cellular responses were determined using ELISA, live-virus neutralisation and interferon gamma release assays. SARS-CoV-2 infection and clearance were determined by PCR from serial nasopharyngeal swabs.

Results

A total of 5.6% (n?=?320) of the cohort reported prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, but only 0.3% remained PCR positive on study entry. Seropositivity, following two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, was 54.8% (n?=?168) compared with 100% of healthy controls (n?=?205). The magnitude of the antibody response and its neutralising capacity were both significantly reduced compared to controls. Participants vaccinated with the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine were more likely to be seropositive (65.7% vs. 48.0%, p?=?0.03) and have higher antibody levels compared with the AstraZeneca vaccine (IgGAM ratio 3.73 vs. 2.39, p?=?0.0003). T cell responses post vaccination was demonstrable in 46.2% of participants and were associated with better antibody responses but there was no difference between the two vaccines. Eleven vaccine-breakthrough infections have occurred to date, 10 of them in recipients of the AstraZeneca vaccine.

Conclusion

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines demonstrate reduced immunogenicity in patients with antibody deficiency with evidence of vaccine breakthrough infection.

  相似文献   
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