肝硬化患者血浆内皮素水平与门脉高压的相关性研究

为了解肝硬化患者血浆内皮素水平的变化与门脉高压的关系,用特异性放射免疫分析法测定４６例肝硬化及３０例正常人血浆内皮素含量,Ｂ超测定门静脉直径。４６例肝硬化患者血浆内皮素水平（８２．６８±２６．０９ｐｇ／ｍｌ）明显高于对照组（５０．８±７．５８ｐｇ／ｍｌ,Ｐ＜０．０５）。其中２４例Ｃｈｉｌｄ－ｐｕｇｈＢ级（７９ｔ１９．２７ｐｇ／ｍｌ）和１４例ｃｈｉｌｄ－ｐｕｇｈＣ级（９４．５５±２４．３ｐｇ／ｍｌ）血浆内皮素水平明显高于８例ｃｈｉｌｄ－ｐｕｇｈＡ级（５７０５±１０．９６ｐｇ／ｍｌＰ＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．０１）。４３例肝硬化患者血浆ＥＴ水平与门静脉直径有明显相关性（ｒ＝０．７６４Ｐ＜０．００１）。结果提示肝硬化患者血浆内皮素水平随肝功能损害程度加重而升高、其与门脉高压的产生有一定关系。     

肝硬化患者血浆内皮素水平与门脉高压的相关性研究

为了解肝硬化患者血浆内皮素水平的变化与门脉高压的关系,用特异性反射免疫分析法测定４６例肝硬化及３０例正常人血浆内皮素含量,Ｂ超测定门静脉直径。４６例肝硬化患者血浆内皮素水平（８６６８±２６０９ｐｇ／ｍｌ）明显高于对照组（５０．８±７５８ｐｇ／ｍｌ,Ｐ＜００５）。其中２４例ＣｈｉｌｄｐｕｇｈＢ级（７９６±１９２７ｐｇ／ｍｌ）和１４例ＣｈｉｌｄｐｕｇｈＣ级（９４５５±２４３ｐｇ／ｍｌ）血浆内皮素水平明显高于８例ＣｈｉｌｄｐｕｇｈＡ级（５７０５±１０９６ｐｇ／ｍｌ,Ｐ＜００５和Ｐ＜００１）。４３例肝硬化患者血浆ＥＴ水平与门静脉直径有明显相关性（ｒ＝０７６４,Ｐ＜０００１）。结果提示肝硬化患者血浆内皮素水平随肝功能损害程度加重而升高,其与门脉高压的产生有一定关系。     

慢性阻塞性肺病患者血浆内皮素—1水平与肺血流动力学的关系

通过右心漂浮导管检测了２０例临床缓解期慢性阻塞性肺病（ＣＯＰＤ）患者的血流动力学参数，并用放射免疫分析法分别测定了体动脉和肺动脉血浆内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）水平。结果显示：体动脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平（５７．００±８．８９）ｐｇ／ｍｌ小于肺动脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平（７５．９２±１７．３６）ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．００１）：ＣＯＰＤ并ＰＡＨ组肺动脉混合静脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平的（８３．９０±１７．１２）ｐｇ／ｍｌ明显高于ＣＯＰＤ非ＰＡＨ组肺动脉混合静脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平（６２．７３±４．４３）ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５）；肺动脉混合静脉血浆ＥＴ－１水平与肺动脉平均压（ＰＡＰｍ）及肺血管阻力（ＰＶＲ）呈显著的正相关（ｒ＝０．８８，Ｐ＜０．００１；ｒ＝０．０８１，Ｐ＜０．００１），与心输出量（ＣＯ）、氧饱和度（ＳＡＴ％）呈显著的负相关（ｒ＝－０．４７，Ｐ＜０．０５：ｒ＝－０．７９，Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示ＥＴ－１在ＣＯＰＤ并ＰＡＨ的发生发展中起着重要的病理生理学作用。     

心力衰竭患者卡托普利治疗前后血浆内皮素变化及临床意义

目的：探讨充血性心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）与血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）之间的关系和意义，以及卡托普利治疗对ＣＨＦ和血浆ＥＴ的影响。方法：用放射免疫法（ＲＩＡ）测定４２例ＣＨＦ患者卡托普利治疗前后血浆ＥＴ浓度，２３例健康老年者血浆ＥＴ浓度做为对照组。结果：４２例ＣＨＦ患者治疗前血浆ＥＴ浓度６２６±０８ｐｇ／ｍｌ明显高于对照组（４０８±０６ｐｇ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０００１），随心力衰竭程度加重而血浆ＥＴ升高，心功能Ⅳ级（７０２±１０１ｐｇ／ｍｌ）＞Ⅲ级（６２１±０８ｐｇ／ｍｌ）＞Ⅱ级（５２１±０５７ｐｇ／ｍｌ），各组间比较差异显著。加用卡托普利治疗４周后，心功能改善，ＥＴ浓度为５１０±０７２ｐｇ／ｍｌ，与治疗前比较差异显著（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：ＥＴ参与了心衰的病理过程，其血浆浓度与心衰程度一致。卡托普利显著改善心功能可能与降低血浆ＥＴ浓度密切相关     

各型肝病患者血浆内皮素水平的检测和临床意义

目的：为探讨内皮素（ＥＴ）在各型肝病患者中的变化规律。方法：采用非平衡竞争性放射免疫法测定血浆中ＥＴ水平。结果１５１例肝病患者中的ＥＴ水平（ｘ±ｓ）分别为：急性肝炎２６． ８２±３．３９ｐｇ／ｍｌ;慢性肝炎 ５２．８５±３．６９ｐｇ／ｍｌ;肝硬化 ６８．１４±６．８１ｐｇ／ｍｌ;原发性肝癌 ７７．９９±０．０５ｐｇ／ｍｌ。显示除急性肝炎外,其余各型肝病的 ＥＴ水平与正常（３２．２２± ０ ６５ｐｇ／ｍｌ）比较有显著性升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。各型之间有显著性异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。肝硬化失代偿期与代偿期有显著性差异（ Ｐ＜ ０． ０５）。结论： ＥＴ随着肝脏损害程度加重而升高,与肝病的慢性化程度相关, ＥＴ越高,预后越差。检测ＥＴ水平对肝病的临床诊断和预后的估计有一定的作用。     

慢性肾衰患者透析前后血浆心房肽水平与超滤量的关系

目的证实血容量变化是影响体内心房肽（ＡＮＰ）水平的主要因素，了解慢性肾衰对血浆ＡＮＰ水平的影响。方法测定１０例健康人，１７例慢性肾衰患者血液透析（ＨＤ）前后血浆ＡＮＰ水平及血清尿素氮（ＢＵＮ）和肌酐（Ｃｒ）水平，并记录患者的体重变化——超滤量。结果健康对照组血浆ＡＮＰ为（７１．８５±２７．５１）ｐｇ／ｍｌ；ＨＤ组一次透析前后ＡＮＰ各为（２９２．６５±１６９．７８）ｐｇ／ｍｌ和（１５７．２２±９３．６３）ｐｇ／ｍｌ。三者比较ＨＤ组透析前后ＡＮＰ均较对照组高，Ｐ值分别为＜０．００１和＜０．０１；ＨＤ组透后ＡＮＰ水平较透前明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。透析前后超滤量为（１．５７±０．８４）ｋｇ／人，与透析前后血浆ＡＮＰ下降量呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５０，Ｐ＜０．０５）。透析前后血浆ＡＮＰ水平与相应的血清ＢＵＮ及Ｃｒ水平无相关性。结论慢性肾衰患者血浆ＡＮＰ水平是细胞外液量变化的敏感指标，但它不能反映肾衰的严重程度。     

原发性高血压患者血浆降钙素基因相关肽水平变化及其？…

用特异性放射免疫分析法测定了８４例高血压病（ＥＨ）患者血浆降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）的水平（１０４．８７±３５．４０ｐｇ／ｍｌ较对照组（１２９．６８±４１．５２ｐｇ／ｍｌ）（Ｐ〈０．０６）明显降低，且血压越低，血浆ＣＧＲＰ水平降低越明显，而血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）水平（８７．７９±１６．５４ｐｇ／ｍｌ）则明显高于对照组（７０．１１±２１．９８ｐｇ／ｍｌ）（Ｐ〈０．０１）ＣＧＲＰ与ＥＴ的水平呈显著负相关     

静脉溶栓对急性心肌梗塞血浆内皮素影响的研究

对４０例急性心肌梗塞（Ａｃｕｔｅｍｙｏｃａｒｄｉａｌｉｎｆａｒｃｔｉｏｎ，ＡＭＩ）患者血浆内皮素（Ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ，ＥＴ）水平进行了检测。结果：ＡＭＩ患者在来诊时血浆ＥＴ明显高于健康人水平，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）．来诊后１ｈ，病后（５．０７±３．０８）ｈ达峰值［（２８．８９２±８．８５）ｐｇ／ｍｌ］。尿激酶静脉溶栓２０例患者的ＥＴ峰值较未溶栓组的峰值低，（２６．１４５±３．９０）ｐｇ／ｍｌ与（２９．５８７±６．０８）ｐｇ／ｍｌ），且下降较快（Ｐ＜０．０１）。溶栓治疗后，再通组与未通组的ＥＴ时间活性有统计学差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），说明缺血再灌注可减少ＥＴ释放。有合并症（心力衰竭，心源性休克）患者的血浆ＥＴ较无合并症者持续增高，有合并症者来诊后７２ｈＥＴ值仍高，而无合并症者ＥＴ值已接近正常［（１９．３±６．２９）ｐｇ／ｍｌ］。两组有显著性差异。     

肾脏病患者血浆内皮素水平观察

目的观察肾脏病患者（包括尿毒症血透病人）血浆内皮素水平。方法用放射免疫方法测定了３７例肾脏病患者和６３例健康成人血浆内皮素（Ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ，ＥＴ）的含量。结果①正常人ＥＴ水平较低（８４．５３±２２．１６ｎｇ／Ｌ）。尿毒症非透析组（１４２．６１±６６．３６ｎｇ／Ｌ）、尿毒症透析前（２４９．０７±６３．０４ｎｇ／Ｌ）、尿毒症透析后（１６４．０４±７４．８７ｎｇ／Ｌ）、肾炎组（１２０．４２±３６．１０ｎｇ／Ｌ）血浆ＥＴ水平皆较正常人高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；②血透后ＥＴ水平下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；③血透治疗患者的血浆ＥＴ水平高于非透析治疗组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论肾脏病患者（包括尿毒症血透病人）血浆内皮素水平升高。     

血浆ANP对血液透析病人干体重判断的研究

目的：观察血浆ＡＮＰ以判断血液透析后的变化，探索用血浆ＡＮＰ来判断血液透析病人的干体重。方法：２６例慢性血液透析病人在透析前后分别测定血浆ＡＮＰ、ＣＴＲ及体重。结果：透析前后血浆ＡＮＰ为（３９５．７４±２８０．１８）ｐｇ／ｍｌ和（２２６．７８±１３０．２９）ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＣＴＲ为（５４．６０±７．０９）％和（５２．５３±６．９７）％（Ｐ＜０．００５），体重为（５７．０３±６．０８）ｋｇ和（５５．４２±６．１５）ｋｇ（Ｐ＜０．００１），透析后患者血浆ＡＮＰ、ＣＴＲ及体重均较透析前降低。结论：提示血浆ＡＮＰ与透析病人的液体清除有关，可作为判断干体重的一个重要指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.