沥青基球状活性炭浸渍碳酸钠脱硫剂脱除H2S的性能与表征

将沥青基球状活性炭(PSAC)浸渍一定浓度的Na2CO3,制备了一种高性能脱硫剂(PSAC-I)。利用N2吸附、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重、元素分析等手段对脱硫前后的PSAC-I进行了表征,研究了PSAC-I的脱硫产物和失活原因,考察了温度和相对湿度对脱硫的影响。结果表明：PSAC-I的脱硫效果远好于普通煤质柱状活性炭和商用活性炭脱硫剂;PSAC-I的脱硫产物主要为单质硫和少量的硫酸,当PSAC-I的孔隙被脱硫产物充满或者孔口全部被堵塞后即失活;PSAC-I脱硫最佳温度为30 ℃,温度过高或者过低均不利于H2S的脱除;提高原料气相对湿度有利于提高硫容。     

醇胺法选择性脱除H2S侧线实验研究

根据上海宝钢化工公司二期脱硫装置中脱硫选择性较低、能耗较高的现象 ,通过现场实验考察了一乙醇胺、N -甲基二乙醇胺及其各种配方对 H2 S、CO2 的脱除效率及脱硫选择性。发现在合适的气液比条件下 ,采用复合脱硫剂 DS3# ,可使原料气中 H2 S的脱除效率达到 96%以上 ,而对CO2 的脱除效率则低于 40 %     

固体颗粒对脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响

对于含有H2S、CO2酸性气体的脱硫，新型空间位阻胺脱硫剂LY－1比工业常用的脱硫剂MDEA（N－甲基二乙醇胺）对H2S具有更好的选择性，且吸收容量大，解吸性能好。本文研究了脱硫过程中，活性炭、Fe(OH)3和FeS等固体颗粒对LY－1，MDEA，DEA和MEA脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响。活性炭和Fe(OH)3颗粒对这些脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响较大，尤其对MDEA溶液更为显著，固体颗粒粒径大小对脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响不大，但固体颗粒浓度对脱硫剂溶液泡沫性能的影响较大。     

FCC汽油萃取蒸馏脱硫效果

开展了萃取蒸馏法脱除催化裂化（FCC）汽油含硫化合物的研究。在改进的Eliss气液两相双循环型蒸馏器上测定汽油在不同溶剂中的萃取蒸馏分离系数,筛选出N-甲酰基吗啉为最佳脱硫萃取蒸馏溶剂。在连续萃取蒸馏小试装置上,通过单因素试验考察了N-甲酰基吗啉的FCC汽油脱硫效果。优化的工艺条件：回流比1,剂油体积比0.7,塔釜温度160 ℃,塔顶精制油体积收率达64.18%,硫质量浓度26.03 mg/L,总脱硫率达86.30%。PONA分析结果表明,萃取蒸馏过程还能有效地将大部分高辛烷值的烯烃组分转移到低硫精制油中,可作为优良的欧IV标准高辛烷值汽油调和组分。     

实验室模拟脱硫装置及脱硫剂的评价

在小型绝热填料吸收塔和再生塔中，模拟循环法脱硫工艺过程，比较了脱硫剂甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）浓度分别为w＝0．10和w＝0．30时，不同气液比的选择性脱除H2S的性能。并在恒定脱硫剂循环流量、再生热负荷条件下，以w＝0．30的MDEA水溶液为基准，综合评价了添加部分有机溶剂时脱硫剂对脱效率有选择性因子的影响。实验表明，添加N－甲基吡咯烷酮及环丁砜可显著改善脱硫剂的选择脱友性能。     

微波与氢氧化钠共处理脱除煤中有机硫的研究

以山西新峪煤为研究对象,考察了微波功率、微波辐照时间、NaOH质量分数以及液固质量比等参数对煤中有机硫脱除效果的影响,并对微波处理前后煤样的表面官能团和不同形态硫的含量进行了表征。结果表明,微波与NaOH共处理与两者分别单独处理相比,对煤中有机硫有更明显的脱硫作用,较优的共处理脱硫条件为:微波功率385 W,微波辐照30 min,NaOH质量分数10%以及液固质量比10:1,此时脱硫率高达62.66%。微波处理后煤样中不同形态硫的衍射峰强度明显减弱,与此同时煤中脂肪结构的衍射峰强度也有所减弱。煤中不同形态硫通过微波脱除由易到难的顺序为:硫醇和硫醚,砜类,亚砜,噻吩。在上述较优的工艺条件下新峪煤中硫醇和硫醚的脱除率可达89.87%,砜类的脱除率为79.74%,亚砜类脱除率为44.30%,而噻吩类的脱除率仅为14.07%。微波辐照脱除煤中的有机硫的作用机制主要是通过热效应促进NaOH与煤中的有机硫化物发生反应,同时也能促进煤中键能较小的C-S键直接发生断裂。     

煤微波脱硫及其与试样介电性质的关系

煤和浸提剂,在箱式反应器中,以2.45GHz频率微波照射进行脱硫。结果表明:以废碱液-Ⅱ为浸提剂,经一次照射(50秒/次)后,煤的总硫脱除率达50～60%(其中无机硫90%左右,有机硫5～30%);二次照射后,总硫脱除率达75～85%(其中无机硫90%以上,有机硫50～60%)。煤样的介电损耗ε″很小,加入ε″很大的废碱液-Ⅱ,可提高试样的ε″,增强试样吸收微波能力,从而提高了脱硫效果。     

Fe2(SO4)3氧化脱除煤中无机硫的研究

以3种高硫煤为对象,考察了反应温度、反应时间、Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度和原煤粒度等因素对Fe2(SO4)3溶液热处理脱硫效果的影响,并对脱硫前后原煤理化性质的变化进行了研究。结果表明：在Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度为1 mol/L,反应温度为90 ℃,反应时间为4 h,煤粒度小于0.096 mm的条件下,原煤中黄铁矿硫的脱除率高达67%,而煤中的有机硫含量并无明显的变化;升高反应温度,增加Fe2(SO4)3溶液浓度,延长反应时间以及减小原煤粒径均可在一定程度上提高原煤的黄铁矿硫和全硫的脱硫率;经Fe2(SO4)3溶液处理后原煤的黏结性均出现了不同程度的下降,其中新峪煤完全失去了黏结性;Fe2(SO4)3溶液脱除原煤中无机硫主要是通过Fe3+的强氧化性将黄铁矿硫氧化为SO2-4进而脱除。     

某锰业有限公司化合5车间硫化氢中毒事故调查

目的查明中毒原因,为今后防治急性中毒事故发生提供控制措施。方法对中毒事故现场进行职业卫生学调查,采用MX6多用气体检测仪测定工作场所化合桶装料口空气中硫化氢浓度。结果中毒事故发生13h 40m in后,测得21#化合桶H2S浓度静止状态下为1.06mg/m3,搅拌状态下为22.16 mg/m3,其他桶口未检出。硫化氢中毒事故造成3例中毒死亡,3例重度中毒,18例轻度中毒。结论原材料锰矿粉中含负二价硫离子（S2-）超过1.2%,职工违章操作、职业安全卫生防护设施缺陷是造成事故的原因。     

外源性一氧化碳对脑缺血-再灌注损伤大鼠海马气体信号分子的影响

目的研究外源性一氧化碳（CO）对脑缺血-再灌注损伤大鼠海马气体信号分子的影响,探讨脑保护策略.方法 24只Wister大鼠随机分为四组（n=6）：对照组（Ⅰ组）、脑缺血-再灌注组（Ⅱ组）、脑缺血-再灌注＋低浓度CO组（Ⅲ组）、脑缺血-再灌注＋高浓度CO组（Ⅳ组）.采用四血管阻断方法制作大鼠全脑缺血-再灌注模型,Ⅰ组行假手术,Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组夹闭两侧颈总动脉前30 min腹腔分别注射CO20 mL/kg或40mL/kg,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组腹腔注射等量生理盐水.缺血20 min再灌注6 h后处死大鼠取海马,检测大鼠海马组织中H2S、NO和CO的量和CBS、HO和iNOS酶活性变化,以及CBS-mRNA、iNOS-mRNA和HO-1-mRNA表达水平.结果Ⅱ组与Ⅰ组相比大鼠海马中H2S、NO和CO的量增高,CBS、HO和iNOS酶活性增加,CBS-mRNA、iNOS-mRNA和HO-1-mRNA表达增高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;Ⅲ组与Ⅱ组比大鼠海马中H2S和CO的量增高,NO的量降低,CBS酶活性增加,iNOS和HO酶活性降低,CBS-mRNA表达增加,iNOS-mRNA和HO-1-mRNA表达降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;Ⅳ组与Ⅱ组相比大鼠海马中H2S和CO的量显著增高,NO的量降低,CBS酶活性增加,iNOS和HO酶活性降低,CBS-mRNA表达增加,iNOS-mRNA和HO-1-mRNA表达降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）.结论外源性CO能够诱导脑缺血-再灌注后大鼠海马CBS-mRNA的表达,激活CBS,抑制iNOS-mRNA和HO-1-mRNA的表达,抑制iNOS和HO,对HO-1/CO、CBS/H2S和iNOS/NO系统产生调节作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.