CRRT血液净化治疗ICU感染性休克的临床效果

目的分析连续肾脏替代疗法(CRRT)血液净化治疗ICU感染性休克的临床效果。方法选取2016年3月至2018年3月灵宝市第一人民医院收治的78例ICU感染性休克患者,按照随机数表法分成对照组和观察组,各39例。给予对照组常规治疗,观察组接受CRRT血液净化治疗,比较两组肾功能(肌酐、尿素氮)、血流动力学、氧合指数。结果治疗后,两组肌酐、尿素氮、心率水平均低于治疗前,平均动脉压、氧合指数均高于治疗前,且观察组肌酐、尿素氮、心率水平均低于对照组,平均动脉压、氧合指数均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 CRRT血液净化治疗可有效改善ICU感染性休克患者肾功能、血流动力学及氧合指数,利于预后。     

感染性休克致急性肾损伤的危险因素分析

目的：分析感染性休克致急性肾损伤(AKI)的病因,探讨影响其预后的危险因素,为早期发现、早期预防和提高疗效提供帮助。方法选择2010-2013年在我院住院的感染性休克致AKI患者46例为观察组,另选择同期感染性休克患者46例为对照组,采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析研究感染性休克致AKI的危险因素。结果观察组与对照组在入院后24 h及休克时的肾小球滤过率(GRF)、急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHEⅡ评分)、中心静脉压(CVP)、尿素氮(BUN)、输血史、血小板水平、造影剂的使用上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,GRF、APACHEⅡ评分和输血史为感染性休克合并AKI的危险因素。结论发生感染性休克时GRF下降、APACHEⅡ评分升高以及有输血史为感染性休克致AKI的危险因素。     

糖尿病对感染性休克相关急性肾损伤发生及预后的影响

目的探讨糖尿病对感染性休克相关急性肾损伤(AKI)发生及预后的影响。方法选取2014年6月至2017年6月开封市中心医院收治的110例确诊为感染性休克的患者为研究对象,根据是否患糖尿病分为糖尿病组(48例)和非糖尿病组(62例),比较两组患者AKI的发生率、严重程度[简化急性生理评分Ⅱ(SAPSⅡ)和急性生理与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)]以及肾脏恢复情况。结果糖尿病组AKI发生率[72.9%(35/48)]高于非糖尿病组[53.2%(33/62)],差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.444,P=0.035);糖尿病组SAPSⅡ和APACHEⅡ评分以及AKIⅢ期患者的比例均高于非糖尿病组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。出院时,糖尿病组肾脏功能恢复率[28.6%(10/35)]低于非糖尿病组[57.6%(19/33)],差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.842,P=0.016)。随访60 d,糖尿病组肾脏功能恢复率[45.7%(16/35)]低于非糖尿病组[69.7%(23/33)],差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.206,P=0.023)。结论合并糖尿病的感染性休克患者AKI的发生率高,病情严重,肾脏功能恢复情况较差。     

连续性静-静脉血液滤过对感染性休克合并急性肾损伤患者血流动力学的影响

目的 分析连续性静-静脉血液滤过(CVVH)对感染性休克合并急性肾损伤(AKI)患者血流动力学的影响.方法 对行CVVH治疗的感染性休克合并AKI患者的临床资料作一回顾性分析.使用PICCO监测仪对实施CVVH治疗的患者进行血流动力学监测,每例患者分别在暂停CVVH期间及治疗时进行检测,并记录所测数据,同时记录HR、有创平均动脉压(MAP)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)及去甲肾上腺素维持剂量等变化.结果 暂停CVVH期间及治疗时心脏指数的平均值分别为(4.73±0.87)和(4.67±0.85)L·min-1·m-2,全心舒张末期容积指数的平均值分别为(780.60±110.13)和(783.55±113.28) ml/m2,血管外肺水指数的平均值分别为(10.97±3.35)和(10.84±3.54)ml/kg,两者上述指标的差异均无统计学意义(均P ＞0.05).治疗后MAP及PaO2/FiO2均较治疗前明显增高,HR、去甲肾上腺素维持剂量均较治疗前明显降低(P＜0.05或0.01).结论 CVVH不影响感染性休克合并AKI患者的血流动力学的稳定性和采用PICCO监测的准确性、可靠性,并可能对患者预后有改善作用.     

感染性休克致急性肾损伤的血流动力学改变及预后相关性研究

目的:分析感染性休克致急性肾损伤的血流动力学改变及预后。方法:对2010年2月～2012年7月本院收治的86例感染性休克合并急性肾损伤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据患者第28天的生存情况分为生存组(n=44)和死亡组(n=42)。结果:两组患者的一般资料无明显差异,生存组患者的血流动力学改变和肾功能指标明显优于死亡组(P<0.05)。结论:感染性休克致急性肾损伤时血流动力学的改变会影响患者的预后,血流动力学指标可为临床判断患者的预后提供重要的参考信息。     

腺素治疗去甲肾上感染性休克对患者血流动力学与心脏的影响

目的探讨去甲肾上腺素治疗感染性休克对患者血流动力学与心脏的影响。方法选取2016年1月‐2017年6月收治的90例感染性休克患者为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组(45例)与研究组(45例)。两组患者均采取常规对症支持治疗,在此基础上对照组患者应用小剂量去甲肾上腺素,研究组患者应用大剂量去甲肾上腺素治疗。观察对比两组患者治疗前与治疗8 h后血流动力学与心脏指标的变化,以及治疗期间的药物副反应情况。结果经相应治疗后,研究组患者心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)水平均低于对照组患者(P0.05);研究组患者心脏指数(CI)、心搏指数(SI)及全身血管阻力指数(SVRI)均高于对照组患者(P0.05);研究组患者治疗期间药物副反应的发生率为17.78%(8/45),高于对照组患者的4.44%(2/45)(P0.05)。结论大剂量去甲肾上腺素能够快速改善感染性休克患者的血流动力学与心脏指标,但药物副反应较强,治疗时应密切监测患者的各项指标,酌情调整用药量,以便发挥最佳的药效。     

左西孟旦对感染性休克合并心功能不全患者心功能及预后的影响

目的 探讨左西孟旦对感染性休克合并心功能不全患者的心功能、炎症指标、血流动力学、脏器功能及预后的影响。方法 纳入2019年3月-2021年12月于中山大学附属第一医院重症监护室（ICU）住院的感染性休克合并心功能不全患者65例,根据是否使用左西孟旦,将患者分为对照组（n=33）和用药组（n=32）。两组患者均给予感染性休克常规治疗,用药组在常规治疗基础上,予左西孟旦治疗。观察用药前及用药后72 h的N末端B型利钠肽原（NT-proBNP）、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）、肌红蛋白（MYO）、可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白（ST2）和心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白（HFABP）心功能指标,白细胞计数（WBC）、降钙素原（PCT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白介素6(IL-6)和肝素结合蛋白（HBP）炎症指标,心脏指数（CI）、体循环阻力指数（SVRI）和去甲肾上腺素用量血流动力学指标,肌酐（Cr）、总胆红素（TBIL）、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分（APACHEⅡ）和全身感染相关器官功能衰竭评分（SOFA）器官功能指标,比较两组患者用药前基线水平和用药后各指标的差异。比较两组在3 ...     

血流动力学及氧代谢监测对感染性休克早期预后判断的价值

目的 :评估感染性休克病人早期血流动力学及氧代谢参数对判断预后的价值。方法 :监测感染性休克患者早期血流动力学及氧代谢 ,参照正常值范围 ,将所有病例分为升高、降低和正常组 ,比较各组病例确诊后 2 8天内的病死率。结果 :2 8例中 15例 ( 5 3 .5 7% )死亡。CI升高、SVRI降低、O2 ER升高及降低病死率。结论 :CI、SVRI、O2 ER是感染性休克早期判断预后的重要指标。     

彩色多普勒定量分析技术对重症感染患者急性肾损伤的诊断价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)定量分析技术对重症感染患者急性肾损伤(AKI)的诊断价值.方法:选取98例重症感染患者为研究对象,依据是否发生AKI分为AKI组(n=45)和非AKI组(n=53).比较两组患者肾长径、肾横径、肾实质厚度、收缩期峰值血流速度(PS)、舒张末期血流速度(ED)、时间平均流速(TAV)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、收缩期与舒张期流速比值(S/D)及血肌酐(Scr)水平;采用ROC曲线评估Scr和CDFI参数对AKI的诊断价值.结果:AKI组肾长径、肾横径、肾实质厚度和非AKI组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).AKI组PS、ED、TAV低于非AKI组(P＜0.05),PI、RI、S/D及Scr水平高于非AKI组(P＜0.05).ROC曲线分析显示,Scr的AUC值为0.764,CDFI参数的AUC值为0.889.结论:CDFI定量分析技术在重症感染患者AKI诊断中有较高应用价值,可为早期诊断提供新思路.     

降钙素原在血液病患者粒细胞缺乏合并细菌血流感染中的临床价值

目的 探讨降钙素原(PCT)在血液病患者粒细胞缺乏合并细菌血流感染中的临床评估及感染转归预测价值。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年12月福建省立医院血液科住院的650例血液病患者合并细菌感染的临床资料,送检血培养标本,同时检测血清PCT,根据血培养结果将样本分为血培养阳性组68例和血培养阴性组582例;再将血培养阳性组分为革兰阴性菌感染组50例与革兰阳性菌感染组18例,统计并研究PCT水平的不同,以及与患者发生感染性休克、多脏器功能障碍和感染相关性死亡的相关性。结果 血培养阳性组的PCT水平高于血培养阴性组(P=0.000),革兰阴性菌组PCT水平高于革兰阳性菌组(P=0.000),血流感染患者发生感染性休克及其他严重并发症比例随血清PCT水平增高而增高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论 血清PCT在血液病粒细胞缺乏血流感染者较非血流感染者显著上升,可作为早期评估指标,PCT可作为血液病患者粒细胞缺乏合并细菌血流感染预后判断的重要指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.