比较不同入路锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折的效果

目的探讨不同入路锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折的效果。方法根据不同手术方案将收治的60例肱骨近端骨折患者分为2组,各30例。胸大肌组行胸大肌三角肌入路锁定钢板内固定术,肩峰组行肩峰下前外侧入路锁定钢板内固定术。结果肩峰组手术时间、骨折愈合时间均短于胸大肌组,术中出血量少于胸大肌组,术后3个月Constant-Murley评分高于胸大肌组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与胸大肌三角肌入路锁定钢板内固定术相比,肩峰下前外侧入路锁定钢板内固定术治疗肱骨近端骨折,可缩短手术时间、骨折愈合时间,促进术后肩关节功能恢复,且安全性高。     

肩峰前外侧入路与胸大肌三角肌入路治疗肱骨近端Neer 2、3部分骨折的病例对照研究

目的：对比肩峰前外侧入路与胸大肌三角肌入路在肱骨近端Neer 2、3部分骨折手术治疗中的临床疗效.方法：回顾性分析2009年1月至2012年12月收治并获随访的49例肱骨近端Neer 2、3部分骨折患者的资料,其中肩峰前外侧入路组22例,男9例,女13例,平均年龄（63.2±7.6）岁;胸大肌三角肌入路组27例,男12例,女15例,平均年龄（62.9±7.0）岁.比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量与骨折愈合时间及术后并发症,术后3个月及1、2年时分别采用Constant-Murley评分和视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评定肩关节功能及患肩疼痛度.结果：所有患者术后获随访,时间24～41个月,平均34.5个月.肩峰前外侧入路组手术时间[（68.20±7.04） min]较胸大肌三角肌入路组[（75.81±13.70） min]短,术中出血量[（151.30±20.57） ml]少于胸大肌三角肌入路组[（242.10±37.25） ml],骨折愈合时间[（10.88±4.90）周]短于胸大肌三角肌入路组[（13.60±2.45）周].术后3个月,肩峰前外侧入路组Constant-Murley评分88.32±5.45,肩关节疼痛VAS评分0.41±0.63,均优于胸大肌三角肌入路组[（63.53±8.31）vs（1.65±1.02）].但术后1年及2年,两组Constant-Murley评分与肩关节疼痛VAS评分差异均无统计学意义.两组各有1例术后出现肱骨头高度丢失,胸大肌三角肌入路组另有l例肩峰下撞击、l例螺钉松动及2例骨折延迟愈合.两组均未发生腋神经损伤及肱骨头坏死和内固定断裂等并发症.结论：采用肩峰前外侧入路与胸大肌三角肌入路手术治疗肱骨近端Neer 2、3部分骨折最终均可获得满意的中期疗效,前者更具有创伤小、出血少、手术时间短、术后肩关节功能恢复及骨折愈合快等优点.     

经三角肌外侧小切口微创锚钉缝合技术治疗肱骨大结节骨折的疗效分析

目的 比较经三角肌外侧小切口微创锚钉缝合技术、经三角肌、胸大肌间沟入路空心螺钉与锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨大结节骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析自2017-09-2019-06诊治的42例肱骨大结节骨折,14例采用经三角肌外侧小切口微创锚钉缝合技术治疗(微创锚钉组),14例采用经三角肌、胸大肌间沟入路空心螺钉内固定治疗(空...     

不同手术入路结合微型解剖钢板治疗肱骨大结节骨折疗效比较

目的比较经三角肌入路与经三角肌胸大肌入路结合微型解剖钢板治疗肱骨大结节骨折的临床效果。方法分析我院自2017年1月至2020年1月,采用新型微型解剖钢板治疗肱骨大结节骨折31例,根据采用不同手术入路分为经三角肌入路组(A组)和经三角肌胸大肌入路组(B组)。A组18例,男7例,女11例,年龄23～78岁,平均(46.56±15.80)岁,合并肩关节脱位12例,骨折Mutch分型:撕脱型11例,劈裂型7例。B组13例,男6例,女7例,年龄29～73岁,平均(48.08±18.36)岁,合并肩关节脱位8例,骨折Mutch分型:撕脱型8例,劈裂型5例。记录并对比两组手术时间、住院时间、术中出血量、手术切口长度、术后并发症,术前、术后疼痛视觉模拟疼痛评分(visual analogue scale, VAS)及术后肩关节的Constant-Murley功能评分。结果 A组患者住院时间、手术时间、术中出血量、手术切口长度均低于B组,差异有统计学意义。A组在术后1、3、7dVAS评分优于B组,在术后14d、1个月、3个月、6个月及末次随访时差异无统计学意义。术后1个月A组肩关节Constant-Murley评分优于B组,术后3、6个月及末次随访两组肩关节Constant-Murley评分比较差异无统计学意义。A组考虑腋神经麻痹1例,肩峰撞击综合征1例,并发症发生率为11.1%;B组发生脂肪液化1例,骨折再移位1例,并发症发生率为15.4%,两组比较差异无统计学意义。结论经三角肌入路与经三角肌胸大肌入路结合微型解剖钢板治疗肱骨大结节骨折均可取得良好的临床效果,经三角肌入路的治疗方案切口更小,患者术后的疼痛轻,早期的肩功能恢复好。     

有限切开经三角肌入路肱骨近端锁定接骨板治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的:探讨有限切开经三角肌入路应用肱骨近端锁定接骨板(proximal humeral internallocking system,PHILOS)治疗肱骨近端骨折临床效果。方法:自2006年3月至2010年8月采用经肩峰下前外侧有限切开三角肌入路PHILOS钢板治疗22例肱骨近端骨折,Neer分型,Ⅱ型6例,Ⅲ型15例,Ⅳ型1例。经肩前外侧入路,于肩峰下1cm做前外侧纵行切口,长4cm,纵行分离三角肌,探及骨折,直接或间接复位骨折端。PHILOS钢板通过三角肌层下插至肱骨前外侧面,远近端锁定螺钉固定,观测术后1年Neer肩关节功能评分。结果:手术时间30～70min,平均45min。术中无须输血,切口均Ⅰ期愈合。22例均获随访,时间6～18个月,平均12.5个月,骨折全部愈合,愈合时间6～12周。根据Neer肩关节功能评分标准:优10例,良9例,可2例,差1例。无一例出现腋神经损伤、螺钉松动、钢板断裂、肩关节脱位以及肱骨头坏死。结论:有限切开经三角肌入路应用PHILOS钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折具有复位简洁、微创、组织侵袭小的优点,有利于术后早期功能锻炼,是治疗肱骨近端骨折理想的方法。     

两种手术入路治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的疗效比较

[目的]比较肩峰下前外侧"T"型切口入路与三角肌胸大肌间隙入路治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的疗效.[方法]2005年1月～2009年6月间分别采用两种不同手术入路结合锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折共65例.肩峰下前外侧"T"型切口入路组31例,年龄60～84岁(平均71岁),按Neer分类2部分骨折11例,3部分骨折巧例,4部分骨折5例;三角肌胸大肌间隙入路组34例,年龄60～81岁(平均70岁),按Neer分类2部分骨折9例,3部分骨折18例,4部分骨折7例.比较两组手术时间、出血量、末次随访时肩关节Constant评分.[结果]所有患者均获随访,随访时间12～24个月(平均16个月),骨折均愈合.肩峰下前外侧"T"型切口入路组手术时间及出血量明显少于三角肌胸大肌间隙入路组(P<0.01),而两组患者术后患侧肩关节功能无统计学意义上的差异(P>0.05).[结论]肩峰下前外侧"T"型切口入路结合锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折具有功能恢复好、对局部及全身损伤小的特点,特别适合于老年患者的治疗,但必须熟悉局部解剖并且掌握合适的手术指征.     

经肩峰下前外侧小切口入路治疗肱骨近端骨折的效果

目的探讨经肩峰下前外侧小切口入路治疗肱骨近端骨折的疗效。方法选择2012年9月至2014年9月我院收治的73例肱骨近端骨折的患者,随机分为肩前内侧组36例和肩峰下前外侧组37例,肩前内侧组采取三角肌胸大肌间隙手术入路,肩峰下前外侧组采用经肩峰下前外侧小切口入路,根据术中手术情况和术后相应的关节功能评估判断手术效果。结果肩峰下前外侧组患者术中出血量、手术时间和切口长度均显著低于肩前内侧组(P0.05),术后Neer评分和Constant-Werley评分两组差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经肩峰下前外侧小切口入路治疗肱骨近端骨折,具有术中损伤小、功能恢复时间短等优点,术后关节功能恢复较好,值得临床推广与应用。     

锁定钢板微创固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折

目的探讨肩峰下前外侧经三角肌分离入路运用肱骨近端锁定钢板微创治疗肱骨近端骨折的初步效果。方法采用锁定钢板微创固定治疗17例肱骨近端骨折。根据Neer分型:二部分骨折4例,三部分骨折11例,四部分骨折2例。结果骨折均得到了愈合,根据Neer评分优良率为88.23%。结论肩峰下前外侧经三角肌分离入路运用肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折,具有固定稳定,血运破坏少等优点。     

经三角肌与三角肌胸大肌入路治疗肱骨大结节撕脱骨折效果比较

目的比较经三角肌与三角肌胸大肌入路治疗肱骨大结节撕脱骨折的效果。方法选取民权县人民医院2015-01-2017-01间收治的50例肱骨大结节撕脱骨折患者。将经三角肌入路的患者作为观察组,将经三角肌胸大肌入路的患者作为对照组,各25例。比较2组治疗效果。结果观察组切口长度、术中失血量及手术时间均小(少)于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后随访6个月,2组患者术后肩关节功能恢复优良率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经三角肌与经三角肌胸大肌入路治疗肱骨大结节撕脱骨折,术后患者肩关节功能恢复效果相当。但经三角肌入路切口小、手术失血量少、手术时间短,效果更为理想。     

肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗肩关节脱位合并肱骨大结节撕脱骨折32例临床分析

目的观察肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定术治疗肩关节脱位合并肱骨大结节撕脱骨折的效果。方法选取2016-09—2019-01间在郑州煤炭工业(集团)有限责任公司总医院32例肩关节脱位合并肱骨大结节撕脱骨折患者,均实施肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定术。回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果本组患者术后住院时间为(6.98±1.84)d。术后均获6~12个月随访,骨折愈合时间为(1.73±0.30)个月;其间仅发生1例(3.13%)骨折再移位,未发生肩峰下撞击综合征等并发症。末次随访VAS评分为(1.64±0.42)分。肩关节功能优良率为90.63%(29/32)。结论肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗肩关节脱位合并肱骨大结节撕脱骨折,可显著减轻患者术后疼痛,有利于促进骨折愈合及肩关节功能的恢复。     

闭合复位老年肩关节前脱位过程中发生医源性肱骨颈骨折的成因分析和对策

目的分析在闭合复位老年肩关节前脱位的过程中发生医源性肱骨颈骨折的原因并探索避免的方法。 方法对上海市第一人民医院2012年1月至2017年1月在肩关节前脱位复位过程中发生肱骨颈骨折患者的临床资料和影像学特点进行回顾性分析。 结果共5例患者在闭合复位过程中发生肱骨颈骨折,导致肱骨头、颈分离。这些患者的特征：（1）老年女性,低能量损伤,初次肩关节脱位;（2）复位前肩关节正位片：肩关节前脱位伴大结节骨折;（3）肱骨头内移至喙突下方或内侧;（4）均为无麻醉下采取Hippocrates足蹬法复位。 结论闭合复位肩关节前脱位过程中发生肱骨颈骨折的原因与复位前遗漏盂肱关节脱位时伴随的肱骨颈骨折有关。老年肩关节前脱位有其特点,在治疗上应与年轻患者加以区别。对老年初次肩关节前脱位伴大结节骨折的患者应加以特别重视,复位前规范的影像学检查以除外肱骨颈骨折是避免此类医源性并发症的关键。     

Shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of the sequelae of fractures of the proximal humerus

The purpose of this multicenter study was to analyze the results of shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of the sequelae of proximal humerus fractures and establish an updated classification system and treatment guidelines for these complex situations. Seventy-one sequelae of proximal humerus fractures were treated with shoulder replacement with the use of the same nonconstrained, modular, and adaptable prosthesis: the Aequalis prosthesis (Tornier Inc, St Ismier, France). The average time between initial fracture and shoulder arthroplasty was 5 years and 5 months. On the basis of anatomic classification schemes, sequelae were divided into 4 types: type 1, humeral head collapse or necrosis with minimal tuberosity malunion (40 cases); type 2, locked dislocations or fracture-dislocations (9 cases); type 3, nonunions of the surgical neck (6 cases); and type 4, severe malunions of the tuberosities (16 cases). The mean postoperative follow-up was 19 months (range, 12 to 48 months). Overall, the postoperative Constant score was excellent in 11 cases (16%), good in 19 cases (26%), fair in 18 cases (25%), and poor in 23 cases (33%). There were 18 complications (27%). Fifty-nine of 70 patients (81%) stated that they were satisfied with the result. The most significant factor affecting functional outcome was greater tuberosity osteotomy (P <.005). Regarding both surgical treatment and postoperative prognosis, we identify 2 categories of proximal humerus fracture sequelae: category 1, intracapsular/impacted fractures sequelae (associated with both cephalic collapse or necrosis [type 1] and chronic dislocation or fracture-dislocation [type 2]), in which an articulating joint can be reconstructed without a greater tuberosity osteotomy; and category 2, extracapsular/disimpacted fractures sequelae (associated with both surgical neck nonunions [type 3] and severe tuberosity malunions [type 4]) where the proximal humerus cannot be reconstructed without a greater tuberosity osteotomy. All of the excellent and good postoperative Constant scores were obtained in type 1 and 2, in which osteotomy of the greater tuberosity was not required. All patients in type 3 and 4, who underwent a greater tuberosity osteotomy, had either fair or poor results and did not regain active elevation above 90 degrees. We conclude that a greater tuberosity osteotomy is the most likely reason for poor and unpredictable results after shoulder replacement arthroplasty for the treatment of the complex sequelae of proximal humerus fractures. Shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of the sequelae of fractures of the proximal humerus should be performed without an osteotomy of the greater tuberosity when possible. If prosthetic replacement is possible without an osteotomy, surgeons should accept the distorted anatomy of the proximal humerus and adapt the prosthesis and their technique to the modified anatomy. A modular and adaptable prosthesis with both adjustable offsets and inclination may allow surgeons to adapt to a large number of malunions and may help to avoid the troublesome greater tuberosity osteotomy in a higher proportion of cases.     

俯位改良Hippocrates法整复肩关节脱位

目的:探讨肩关节前脱位复位方法,评价俯位改良Hippocrates法治疗效果。方法:1998年2月至2011年4月,应用俯位改良Hippocrates法整复肩关节前脱位1028例,男689例,女339例;年龄11～86岁,平均38.3岁;其中32例曾因Hippocrates法复位失败;86例合并肱骨大结节撕脱性骨折。复位方法:患者取俯卧位,术者立于患侧,双手握患侧腕部,足蹬于患侧腋下(左侧脱位用右足,右侧脱位用左足),另一足立地支撑;复位时,双手持缓用力牵引腕部约半分钟,足蹬腋下加以对抗,并且逐渐由畸形位置变为外展、外旋及后伸位;牵引同时发挥足跟的杠杆支点作用进行收展时轻轻摇晃患肢并内旋外旋进行复位。结果:1027例患者1次复位成功,平均复位时间50s;1例因合并肱骨外科颈骨折后行手术治愈。86例合并肱骨大结节撕脱性骨折中84例达到解剖复位或近解剖复位,2例较大骨片者复位后不稳定,行经皮克氏针内固定痊愈。按Neer评分:优1012例,良15例。结论:俯位改良Hippocrates法整复肩关节脱位成功率高,复位时不需麻醉,患者痛苦少,费用低,复位时间短,易掌握值得广泛应用。     

Application of pre-contoured anatomic locking plate for treatment of humerus split type greater tuberosity fractures: A prospective review of 68 cases with an average follow-up of 2.5 years

ObjectivesAlthough various implants exist for 3- and 4-part proximal humerus fractures, few implants are appropriate for humerus split type greater tuberosity fractures. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of pre-contoured anatomic locking plate for humerus split type greater tuberosity fractures.MethodsA retrospective review of 68 patients with humerus split type greater tuberosity fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation using anatomic locking plates between January 2014 and October 2016. Postoperatively, patient radiographs, functional results, and complications were reviewed.ResultsAll patients got a mean follow-up of 30.5 months (range 14–46 months). Average fracture healing time was 9.4 weeks (range, 8–14 weeks). Overall mean Constant score was 86.8% (range, 70%–96%). The result was rated as excellent in 25 patients (Constant score: 92.1%), good in 38 patients (Constant score: 85.3%) moderate in 5 patients (Constant score: 71.8%) and poor in 0 cases. The excellent-good rate was 92.6%. No recurrence of dislocation occurred in the 30 cases with shoulder dislocation. All fractures healed without the complications of wound infection, subacromial impingement syndrome, nonunion, secondary displacement, and implant loosening.ConclusionPre-contoured anatomic locking plate is a reliable option in treating humerus split type greater tuberosity fractures as it provides stable fixation with an early return to function. The surgical technique is easy and efficient.     

Surgical treatment of sequelae of fractures of the proximal third of the humerus. The role of osteotomies

Between 1996 and 2003 a total of 19 humeral head osteotomies were performed to treat post-traumatic malunion of the proximal humerus. Mean age was 46 years, ranging from 17 to 71 years. The period of time between traumas and surgeries ranged from 6 to 22 months. Osteotomy procedure was as follows: one after two-part fracture of the greater tuberosity, three after two-part fracture of the surgical neck, five after three-part fracture of the greater tuberosity, eight after four-part fracture, two after complex head splitting fracture, one after two-part fracture with anterior dislocation. Three different types of osteotomies were performed: osteotomy of the humeral neck for varus deformity, isolated osteotomy of the greater tuberosity, and a new osteotomy technique (two-plane and three-plane osteotomy) for three- and four-fragment fracture sequelae. At the time of follow-up evaluation, all 19 patients were questioned regarding pain and function. Excellent results in 14 patients and satisfactory results in 5 were obtained. None of the patients required revision surgery. Findings were recorded using the Constant rating scale. All patients had had significant pain relief after shoulder osteotomy. Range of motion was increased in all patients treated by osteotomy. The success of osteotomy in these cases was based on: patient selection, extensive preoperative evaluation, surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation.     

When is it safe to reduce fracture dislocation of shoulder under sedation? Proposed treatment algorithm

Introduction

Shoulder dislocations are common. It is known that incongruent shoulder should be promptly reduced. However, when associated with fracture of the proximal humerus, there is a clinical dilemma if reduction under sedation is a safe option. We wanted to establish when it is safe to attempt reduction of a shoulder fracture dislocation under sedation in emergency room.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study assessing consecutive patients presenting with a dislocation of a gleno-humeral joint with an associated fracture of the humerus between 2007 and 2015. The radiographs and patients’ records were examined. The number of fragments according to Neer’s criteria and size of fragments were recorded.

Results

We identified 102 patients who presented with 104 cases of fracture dislocation of shoulder joint. 10 of the dislocations were posterior, remainder were anterior. All posterior dislocations were reduced under general anaesthesia. Sixty-two anterior fracture dislocations had attempted reduction under sedation in emergency department. Eight of those were unsuccessful, and patient required general anaesthetic for further management. In five of those cases, significant displacement of humeral head in relation to the shaft after attempted reduction.

Conclusion

We propose pragmatic approach to the initial treatment of fracture dislocations of shoulder. In type I injury, where there is an anterior dislocation with greater tuberosity fracture, one should attempt a reduction under sedation; 94% of attempted reductions under sedation were successful and no fracture propagation occurred. In case of a type II injury, when the fracture is involving a surgical neck of the humerus with or without greater tuberosities fracture, our experience suggests that no attempt of reduction is undertaken under sedation and patient has general anaesthetic. Posterior dislocation with any fracture remains an unsolved problem, but in our series no attempt of reduction under sedation was made.

     

肱骨近端骨折肱骨头置换假体高度的控制

目的:评估利用大结节骨折片复位的方法,确定肱骨近端骨折肱骨头置换假体高度的临床疗效。方法:回顾性研究2015年1月至2019年12月收治并获得随访的肱骨近端骨折患者,符合肱骨头置换指征19例,男7例,女12例;左侧8例,右侧11例;年龄58~84(71.5±5.8)岁;受伤至手术时间3~18(7.9±4.3) d。根据Neer分型,3部分骨折伴脱位2例,4部分骨折17例,其中伴肱骨头脱位6例,肱骨头劈裂2例。19例采用组配式肱骨头假体,在手术过程中,试复位肱骨大结节骨折块,确定肱骨大结节顶点到肱骨标记点的距离,以此距离作为假体高度的标准。术后1年采用Constant-Murley评分,美国加州大学洛杉矶分校(University of California,Los Angeles,UCLA)肩关节评分评价肩关节功能状况及患者满意度。结果:19例均获随访,时间12~58(31.9±14.2)个月。测量手术后上臂长度26~32 cm,双侧比较误差<0.5 cm。术后3个月肩关节正侧位X线片示骨折均愈合。术后1年Constant-Murley评分(80.8±8.9)分,UCLA评分(27.9±4.8)分。术后1年患者满意度89.5%(17/19)。结论:肱骨近端骨折肱骨头假体置换手术过程中,试复位肱骨大结节骨折块,确定肱骨大结节顶点到肱骨标记点的距离,以此距离确定假体高度,方法简单准确,临床效果良好。     

人工肱骨头置换术后并发症的相关研究:双目三维测量装置的应用

目的通过制备肱骨近端四部分骨折模型及成熟的加载测量装置，以进行有关肱骨近端人工关节置换的相关生物力学研究。方法采集新鲜成人肩关节尸体标本8对16具，应用截骨的方法制成肱骨近端四部分骨折模型，对其进行人工假体重建，并分为解剖重建组和重叠重建组。设计并制作模型加载装置及光学测量装置。测定在肩关节处于不同运动角度时，大结节相对于肱骨干骺端的位移情况。检验整套装置是否具有稳定的可重复性。结果成功制成肱骨近端四部分骨折模型。各个标本在肩关节运动至各个不同角度时，多次重复相同的肩关节运动，其大结节的位移值基本一致或相差很小。检测中发现大结节在肩关节活动过程中有明显移位，在个别标本中甚至超过20mm。结论本试验所设计的加载及测量方式可成功模拟肱骨头置换术后肩关节在进行被动活动的过程中，大结节所受的生物力学作用及在此作用下大结节的位移情况。现有的针对人工肱骨头置换的大结节固定方法，在术后即刻的关节被动活动中，仍可导致大结节相对骨干的明显位移。     

反置肩关节置换治疗肱骨近端骨折中影响术后肱骨大结节愈合的因素分析

目的分析探讨肱骨近端骨折反置肩关节置换术治疗中可能影响术后肱骨大结节愈合时间的影响因素。方法回顾分析2018年8月至2019年8月上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院骨科收治的14例患者;其中男4例,女10例,年龄67~95(80.0±8.1)岁;左侧8例,右侧6例。所有患者均因肱骨近端骨折行反置肩关节置换术。通过术前及术后影像学测量分析可能的影响因素。结果肱骨近端骨折反置肩关节置换治疗中,影响肱骨大结节骨折愈合时间的主要因素为大结节与近端皮质是否接触(P<0.01)、肱骨大结节骨块是否粉碎(P=0.01;P=0.04)以及肱骨大结节骨块前后向长度(P=0.02)。相比之下,肱骨近端骨折骨折是否合并不可修复肩袖损伤对反置肩关节置换术后肱骨大结节愈合时间无明显影响。结论采用反置肩关节置换治疗肱骨近端骨折,肱骨大结节与近端皮质不连续会导致肱骨大结节术后延迟愈合。粉碎的肱骨大结节尤其是前后向骨块较小的肱骨大结节可延长术后大结节愈合所需时间。     

MIPPO技术联合PHILOS治疗Neer 2部分肱骨近端骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨微创经皮钢板内固定（minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis,MIPPO）技术联合肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定（proximal humerus internal lockingrn osteosynthesis system,PHILOS）治疗Neer 2部分肱骨近端骨折的疗效。 方法纳入自2014年1月至2016年3月,使用PHILOS治疗并获得1年及以上随访的20例患者研究。2部分外科颈骨折10例,男5例,女5例,平均年龄（42.10±13.79）岁;2部分大结节骨折10例,其中男7例,女3例,平均年龄（49.80±8.13）岁。所有骨折均为闭合性骨折。术后定期复查并记录患者肩关节功能,影像学检查复位效果及愈合情况。用美国肩肘外科协会评分（rating scale of the American shoulder and elbow surgeons,ASES）、Constant-Murley评分及视觉模拟评分法（visual analogue scale,VAS）等指标评价肩关节功能。采用SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果20例患者获得12~24个月的随访,平均（15.50±9.66）（12~24）个月,其中外科颈骨折患者随访平均时间为（14.40±10.88）（12~24）个月,大结节骨折患者随访时间平均为（16.05±7.92）（12~24）个月。2部分外科颈骨折与2部分大结节骨折患者手术时间分别为（120.50±27.43）（90~160）min和（133.90±46.41）（60~200）min （P=0.442）;骨折愈合时间分别为（2.25±0.54）（1.5~3.0）个月和（2.60±0.81）（1.5~4.0）个月（P=0.270）;VAS评分分别为（0.40±0.52）（0~1）分和（0.50±0.53）（0~1）分（P=0.673）;ASES评分分别为（94.64±3.31）（90.0~98.3）分和（91.65±5.76）（85.0~98.3）分（P=0.172）;Constant-Murley评分分别为（95.10±3.12）（91~99）分和（92.60±5.62）（83.5~99.0）分（P=0.235）;术后前屈上举角度平均为（174.00°±5.16°）（170°~180°）和（167.00°±9.49°）（150°~180°）（P=0.055）,外旋角度分别为（43.00°±8.23°）（30°~50°）和（34.00±10.75）（20°~50°）（P=0.050）,外展角度平均为（158.00°±13.98°）（130°~180°）和（149.00°±19.69°）（110°~170°）（P=0.254）。 结论2部分肱骨近端骨折采用MIPPO技术联合PHILOS治疗收到了良好的效果,在2部分外科颈与2部分大结节骨折病例中,在术后外旋角度恢复方面前者与后者差异有明显的统计学意义,但在手术时间、性别、年龄及其他术后恢复情况,差异无统计学意义。