肾活检362例临床病理分析

目的了解肾脏疾病的病理类型及其特点。方法回顾性分析该院2005年8月～2007年5月共362例因肾脏疾病行肾活检的病历资料，分析其病理类型及其与临床表现的关系。结果362例患者中，原发性肾小球疾病占79．01％，继发性肾小球疾病占15．47％，遗传性肾小球疾病占1．1％，小管间质性疾病占4．42％。原发性肾小球疾病以IgA肾病（IgAN）最多，占30．97％，其次分别为系膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MsPGN）占14．36％，微小病变（MCD）占13．81％，膜性肾病（MN）占11．87％。继发性肾脏病中以狼疮性肾炎（LN）多见，占5．8％，其次是乙型肝炎相关性肾炎占3．6％，过敏性紫癜肾炎占3．3％。临床表现肾炎综合征占43．09％，肾病综合征占53、61％，急性肾衰竭占3．3％。结论原发性肾小球疾病是最常见的肾小球疾病，以IgAN为主。继发性肾小球疾病中以LN多见，女性多发，其他继发性肾小球疾病逐渐增多。肾活检非常有必要。     

743例肾活检临床病理分析

目的回顾性分析743例因肾脏疾病行经皮肾活检患者的病理类型和临床资料并探讨二者之间的关系。方法参照WHO（1982年及改良的1995年）肾小球疾病组织学分型方案,结合临床资料、实验室检查结果、光镜、免疫病理及电镜的改变特点,提出初步诊断,最后与临床医师共同讨论确定诊断。结果患者行‘肾活检时平均年龄30．09±14．19岁,男415例,女328例,男女之比为1．26：1。原发性肾小球疾病占首位（79％）,继发性肾小球疾病占20．46％。原发性肾小球疾病的病理类型中最多见为系膜增生性肾小球肾炎（66．44％）,其次为IgA肾病（17．21％）和膜性肾病（4．94％）。继发性肾小球疾病中狼疮性肾炎（38．82％）占首位其次为紫癜性肾炎（38．16％）,和乙肝相关性肾炎（19．08％）。结论本地区肾脏疾病多见于青壮年,以原发性肾脏疾病最常见,其中系膜增生性肾小球肾炎是最常见的病理类型,其次为IgA肾病。继发性肾小球疾病以紫癜性’肾炎、狼疮性肾炎和乙肝相关性肾炎居前三位。     

285例肾活检临床病理类型及流行病学分析

目的：了解该院肾脏疾病的病理类型和流行病学特点。方法回顾分析285例肾活检患者的临床及病理资料。结果285例肾活检患者中,男女比例0．79∶1．00,原发性肾小球疾病最常见,其病理类型前3位是Ig A肾病（35．68％）、系膜增生性肾小球肾炎（27．23％）、微小病变（15．49％）;继发性肾小球疾病前3位是狼疮性肾炎（31．82％）、紫癜性肾炎（18．18％）、乙型肝炎相关性肾炎（15．15％）。结论该院肾小球疾病女性患者稍高于男性,原发性肾小球疾病是主要的肾小球疾病,Ig A肾病最多见,继发性肾小球疾病以狼疮性肾炎最多见。     

肾活检107例临床病理分析

目的探讨肾活检在肾脏疾病中的诊断意义。方法在B超定位下,采用负压抽吸法,对肾病患者进行经皮肾活检术。参照2000年5月全国肾活检病理诊断研讨会制定的指导性意见,通过光镜及免疫荧光,明确病理诊断。结果取材成功并有完整病理资料肾活检病人107例,年龄12~75岁,平均年龄32.9岁。男性占39%,女性占61%。其中原发性肾小球病占69%,继发性肾小球病占31%。原发性肾小球病中,,IgA肾病发病率最高(36.5%),继发性肾小球病中以狼疮性肾炎(LN)最多(63.6%)。结论原发性肾小球病仍为常见的肾小球疾病,其中以IgA肾病最为常见,继发性肾小球病中以狼疮性肾炎(LN)多见。肾活检病理对肾脏疾病的诊断、治疗及评估预后有重要意义。     

儿童肾活检977例病理及临床分析

目的回顾性分析小儿肾脏疾病的病理类型及临床特点。方法收集977例接受经皮肾活检患儿的病理诊断和临床资料,分析比较原发性肾小球疾病与继发性肾小球疾病的病理类型和临床特征。培果成功肾活检971例,其中原发性肾小球疾病755例（77．8％）,继发性肾小球疾病183例（18．8％）,先天性遗传性代谢性肾小球疾病18例（1．9％）。原发性肾小球疾病中,临床诊断前3位依次为孤立性血尿、肾病综合征和迁延性肾小球肾炎;病理类型前3位依次为肾小球轻微病变、局灶节段性肾小球硬化和局灶性肾小球肾炎。继发性肾小球疾病中,临床诊断前3位依次为紫癜性肾炎、乙型肝炎相关性肾小球肾炎和狼疮性肾炎;病理类型前3位依次为系膜增生性肾小球肾炎、肾小球轻微病变和膜性肾病。在18例先天性遗传性代谢性肾脏疾病中,有7例为薄基膜肾病。在临床诊断为孤立性血尿的患儿,肾活检病理类型中肾小球轻微病变所占百分比随患儿年龄的增长逐渐降低（P〈0．05）,而IgA肾病和局灶性肾小球肾炎所占百分比随患儿年龄的增长逐渐升高（P〈0．05）。结论本组资料中,儿童肾小球疾病以原发性肾小球疾病为主,临床表现和病理类型以血尿和肾小球轻微病变最为常见;小儿继发性肾小球疾病以紫癜性肾炎最为常见,病理类型以系膜增生性肾小球肾炎、肾小球轻微病变和膜性肾病为主;先天性遗传性肾脏疾病中薄基膜肾病最为常见。建议对6岁以上的孤立性血尿患儿行肾穿刺活检术。     

黑龙江省545例肾活检病理资料及临床特点分析

目的探讨肾脏病患者的病理类型与临床表现之间的关系。方法选择545例肾活检病理资料,统计病因、病理类型、性别、年龄的分布特点,统计临床表现与病理类型的对应关系。结果病因中原发性肾小球疾病（PGD）最多见,继发性肾小球肾炎（SGN）最多见为狼疮性肾炎（LN）;最常见的临床表现是无症状性血尿和/或蛋白尿（AUA）,病理表现为轻微肾小球病变和IgA肾病。结论PGD是肾脏病最常见病因,临床多表现为AUA,病理多表现为轻微肾小球病变和IgA肾病,LN为SGN的最常见原因,女性多见。     

肾活检268例临床病例分析

目的分析268例肾活检病理类型,指导治疗并判断预后。方法本文收集268例肾活检病理、免疫病理资料及临床特点进行回顾性分析。结果原发性肾小球疾病占所有肾活检病例的80.58%,而原发性肾小球疾病中以lgA肾病最为常见。继发性肾小球疾病仍以狼疮性肾炎居于首位。结论在肾脏疾病中,以肾小球疾病的发病率最高,且以原发性肾小球疾病最常见,继发性肾脏病次之。     

326例经皮肾活检临床与病理分析

目的:回顾总结本院2010年9月至2012年4月进行肾穿刺活检的标本,分析肾脏疾病经皮肾活检的病理类型构成比例。方法:参照WHO肾小球疾病的组织学分型方案,通过光镜及免疫荧光检测明确病理诊断。结果:326例肾活检病人中,原发性肾小球疾病258例占首位(79.14%),继发性肾小球疾病39例占11.96%,其它占8.90%。原发性肾小球疾病病理类型中最多的是IgA肾病(43.41%),其次为微小病变肾病(25.97%)和膜性肾病(13.18%)。继发性肾小球疾病中狼疮性肾炎占首位(41.03%),其次为紫癜性肾炎(35.89%)。结论:原发性肾小球疾病为常见的肾小球疾病,其中以IgA肾病最为常见;继发性肾小球疾病中以狼疮性肾炎最多见。随着肾活检的广泛开展,其它少见的肾脏疾病也有检出。     

107例西藏高原地区肾活检患者病理资料分析

目的：慢性肾病是临床常见和多发病,是导致慢性肾衰的主要原因,而肾活检对肾疾病的诊断、治疗及判断预后有重要的指导意义。文中了解我国西藏高原地区慢性肾病的病理特点与临床表现的关系。方法回顾性分析西藏军区总医院自2011年6月至2013年10月因肾疾病行肾活检的107例患者的性别、年龄、病理类型及临床表现。临床医生根据患者的临床表现、实验室检查以及病理结果综合判断,确定最后诊断。结果所有患者行肾活检时年龄10～66岁,平均（29．8±12．2）岁,男性47例（43．9％）、女性60例（56．1％）、藏族75例（70．1％）、汉族31例（28．9％）、白族1例（1％）。患者中以原发性肾小球肾炎为主,占95．3％,继发性肾小球肾炎仅4．7％。男性占本组原发性肾小球疾病的44．3％,女性占继发性肾小球疾病的100％。原发性肾病则以足细胞病为主,占43．9％,其次为膜性肾病,占18．7％,IgA肾病,占11．2％,局灶节段性肾小球硬化症,占9．3％,膜增殖性肾炎,占5．6％等。患者最常见临床表现为肾病综合征,占69．1％,以下依次是尿检异常,占14．9％,单次肉眼血尿,占3．7％,慢性肾衰,占2．8％。肾病综合征患者最常见的病理类型是足细胞病,占63．5％,膜性肾病,占18．9％、局灶节段性肾小球硬化症,占8．1％,膜增殖性肾炎,占5．4％。结论原发性肾小球肾炎为西藏高原地区最常见的肾小球疾病,其中以足细胞病为多见,继发性肾脏病以过敏紫癜性肾炎多见。     

温州地区肾小球疾病病理类型分布及流行病学特点

目的：研究温州地区肾小球疾病的流行病学特点及成人原发性肾小球疾病病理类型分布状况。方法：分析浙南地区１９８４～１９９９年的十五年间经肾活检诊断的肾小球疾病（资料完整者）１０１４例的流行病学特点,并分析１９９３～１９９９年间５５３例成人原发性肾小球疾病病理类型的分布状况。结果：１０１４例肾活检,原发性肾小球疾病占８１．７％,继发性肾小球疾病占１６．０％。二者高发年龄段均为１５～２４岁。原发性肾小球疾病男：女＝１．５：１,继发性肾小球疾病男：女＝１：１．５７,两组间差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．００１）。１９９３～１９９９年５月间５５３例成人原发性肾小球疾病病理类型分布以ＩｇＡ肾病（ＩｇＡＮ）最常见,占３６．５％;经发性肾小球疾病以狼疮性肾炎（ＬＮ）最常见,占４８．８％。结论：原发性肾小球疾病为温州地区最常见的肾小球疾病,     

861例肾活检临床病理分析

目的 分析861例肾活检病理结果,以了解肾脏疾病的病理类型及其特点.方法 回顾性分析2008-01~2009-01间,861例因肾脏疾病行肾活检的病理资料,并进行统计和总结.结果 861例患者中,原发性肾小球疾病占85.6%,继发性肾小球病占13.4%,小管间质性疾病占0.8%,肾移植相关肾脏疾病占0.2%.原发性肾小...     

144例肾活检临床与病理分析

目的结合该院肾脏疾病的临床表现和病理改变,探讨肾活检的临床价值。方法对144例肾脏疾病进行肾活检,分析其临床表现与病理类型。结果本组患者临床表现以肾病综合征与尿检异常为主(分别为53.47%,22.22%)。原发性肾小球疾病111例,其中IgA肾病和系膜增生性肾小球肾炎所占比例最高,分别为33.33%和20.72%;继发性肾小球疾病32例,以LN、HBVGN、HSPGN较常见。结论肾活检对肾脏疾病的诊断、治疗具有重要的临床意义。     

158例肾活检病理及临床分析

目的回顾性总结158例肾活检的病理结果,分析其病理类型及临床分类特点。方法总结我院158例肾活检病理资料,分析其病理类型与临床分类特点。结果158例肾活检中原发性肾小球疾病125例(79.11%),继发性肾小球疾病33例(20.89%)。原发性肾小球疾病病理类型最多的是系膜增生型肾炎,第二位是IgA肾病,继发性肾小球疾病以紫癜性肾炎病理类型最多。原发性肾小球疾病临床分布最多的前三位依次是肾病综合征、慢性肾炎、IgA肾病。其中肾病综合征的病理类型主要是系膜增生型和膜性肾病,慢性肾炎的主要病理类型是系膜增生型和肾小球硬化。结论原发性肾小球疾病是最常见的肾小球疾病,肾活检病理类型以系膜增生型肾炎、IgA肾病最多,临床类型则以肾病综合征、慢性肾炎、IgA肾病最为多见。     

Pathological demography of native patients in a nephrology center in China

Objective To analysis the pathological demography in Chinese patients undergoing renal biopsy from our niphrology center. Methods Between January 1979 and October 2000 in Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China, 10002 attempts of percutaneous renal were performed in patients with renal disease from 33 provinces of China. The pathological classifications were made according to the WHO criteria of 1982 for renal pathology or the modified WHO criteria of 1995 by a panel of pathologists and nephrologists during routine clinical-pathological rounds. The pathological demography between those specimens collected from 1979-1989 and those from 1990-1999 was compared.Results The mean age of the 10 002 subjects undergoing renal biopsy was 31.4±13.0 years (ranging from 1 to 78 years), with a male to female ratio of 1.3∶1; for the 592 renal transplant recipients, the mean age was 37.5±9.1 years (ranging from 16 to 66 years), with a male to female ratio of 2.36∶1. Primary glomerular diseases (PGD) accounted for 71% of the total patients undergoing renal biopsies, secondary glomerular nephritis (SGN) 23%, tubular-interstitial diseases 3.2%, unclassified renal diseases 1.3%, hereditary and congenital renal diseases 1.0%, end stage renal diseases 0.96%, and recently realized or rare renal diseases 0.15%. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was the most frequent pathological pattern (40%) of PGD, followed by mesangial proliferative lesion (MsPL) (30%), membranous nephropathy (MN) (10%), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (6%). Lupus nephritis (LN) was the most pathology common seen (74%) in SGN. During the 22 years of the study period, there was a steady increase in patients with SGN discovered during pathological evaluation of renal disorders. A rise in prevalence was found in IgA nephropathy, MN (both P<0.001), crescentic glomerulonephritis (P<0.0001), anti-GBM disease, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome/thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura related renal damages (both P<0.001). There was a decrease in endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (P<0.001) and IgM nephropathy (IgMN) (P<0.01) from 1990-1999 as compared to 1979-1989. Infrequent renal pathological entities were also diagnosed in this group, including Niemann Pick disease, Fabry’s disease, POEMS syndrome, and lipoprotein glomerulonephropathy. Conclusions This is the largest series of renal biopsy data in China, and therefore may reflect the demographic picture of renal diseases in this country. Changes in prevalence of renal pathological entities were reflected in this group of patients over the last 22 years. In primary glomerular diseases, IgA nephropathy is still the most frequently observed pathological pattern. In SGN, LN appeared the most often. Increased prevalence was found in anti-GBM nephritis and HUS/TTP.     

353例小儿肾小球疾病的病理及临床分布特点

目的：了解小儿肾小球疾病病理与临床分布特点。方法收集353例肾活检患儿资料进行回顾性分析。结果353例患儿中诊断为紫癜性肾炎117例（33.1%）,孤立性血尿94例（26.6%）,原发性肾病综合征87例（24.6%）,急性肾炎综合征23例（6.5%）,其次还有乙肝相关性肾炎、狼疮性肾炎、孤立性蛋白尿、慢性肾炎等。肾小球疾病中以原发性肾小球疾病最为常见（206例,占58.4%）,病理改变主要为：系膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MsPGN）66例,占32.0%;IgA 肾病（IgA N）54例,占26.2%;轻微病变37例,占18.0%;其他还包括微小病变（MCD）、膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MPGN）、膜性肾病（MN）、毛细血管增生性肾小球肾炎等。继发性肾小球疾病以紫癜性肾炎最常见。结论肾小球疾病以原发性肾小球疾病为主,临床诊断以孤立性血尿最常见,继发性肾炎以紫癜性肾炎最常见。     

548例肾脏疾病患者临床及病理分析

目的总结本院548例肾活检患者肾脏病理类型以及不同年龄段肾脏疾病的构成比,分析慢性肾脏病(CKD)分期、临床分型与病理分型之间的关系。方法回顾分析2007年1月至2013年6月在本院行肾活检的慢性肾脏病患者的性别、年龄、病理类型、CKD分期、临床分型等相关资料。结果 548例患者行肾活检时平均年龄为(35.48±15.79)岁,男性占48.2%。其中原发性肾小球疾病占81.5%,IgA肾病最常见(40.5%);继发性肾脏疾病占16.5%,狼疮性肾炎发病率最高(50.8%),其次是紫癜性肾炎(17%)。年龄18岁的患者以肾小球轻微病变最为多见、年龄≥60岁的老年患者以膜性肾病和糖尿病肾损害最常见;非老年组肾功能显著优于老年组;最常见的临床类型为肾病综合征和肾炎综合征。结论原发性肾小球疾病是最常见的肾脏疾病,好发于中青年;不同年龄段病理类型存在明显差别;肾病综合征是最常见的临床表现。     

110例肾小球疾病临床病理分析

[目的]探讨肾小球疾病临床与病理类型.[方法]110例肾小球疾病患者均行肾活检病理学检查.[结果]110例肾小球疾病中,原发性肾小球疾病92例,占83.6%.IgA肾病(27.2%)居首位,其次为系膜增生性肾炎(22.8%)和微小病变(19.6%).继发性肾小球疾病患者中sLE居首位,其次为乙肝相关性肾病.[结论]肾小球疾病患者进行肾活检十分必要,特别是在治疗和预后判断方面更具有指导意义.     

Pattern of renal pathology among renal biopsy specimens in Eastern Saudi Arabia

OBJECTIVE: To identify the pattern of renal pathology among renal biopsy specimens, and to study the clinical correlation in a general hospital in the eastern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: All patients who underwent native kidney biopsy by the author at Dhahran Health Center (DHC) between June 1998 and April 2005 were included and prospectively followed-up. RESULTS: One hundred native kidney biopsies were performed on 95 patients with a mean age of 40.8+/-18 years, and a glomerular filtration rate of 57+/-42 ml/min/1.73 m2. Patients were followed up for a mean of 28+/-22.5 months. Primary renal pathology was identified in 72 specimens and secondary in 28. Primary renal pathologies included focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (35%), immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) (14%), tubulo-interstitial nephritis (12%), minimal change disease (10%), membranous nephropathy (4%), mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (6%), mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (4%), thin glomerular basement membrane disease (8%), and miscellaneous (7%). Secondary lesions included lupus nephritis (LN) (36%), sickle cell nephropathy (SCN) (18%), diabetic nephropathy (14%), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (11%), Henoch Schonlein purpura (7%), and miscellaneous (14%). Obesity was particularly prevalent among patients with FSGS. Among the entire group, 12 patients (13%) progressed to end stage renal disease (ESRD) at a mean of 17.6+/-17 months (range, 1-45 months), and the overall mortality rate was 5.3%. CONCLUSION: At DHC, FSGS was the most common primary renal pathology, followed by IgAN. There was an association between FSGS and obesity. Lupus nephritis was the predominant secondary renal pathology followed by SCN. Within the time of follow up, primary renal lesions were associated with a low rate of progression to ESRD.