H型高血压中医证型分布特点探析

【目的】探讨H型高血压中医证型分布特点。【方法】收集2014年6月至2015年1月中山大学附属第一医院收治住院的原发性高血压患者144例,通过检测其血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平诊断H型高血压,对H型高血压患者进行中医辨证分型,统计分析比较各证型之间患者的性别、年龄、血压分级及Hcy水平。【结果】144例H型高血压患者可归属为痰湿壅盛证、阴阳两虚证、肝火亢盛证、阴虚阳亢证,其中痰湿壅盛证、阴阳两虚证分布最广。144例H型高血压患者男性所占百分比(106/144,73.6%)高于女性(38/144,26.4%);痰湿壅盛证H型高血压患者男性所占百分比显著高于肝火亢盛证、阴虚阳亢证,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。痰湿壅盛证患者的Hcy水平最高(P0.01),其他证型患者之间的Hcy水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。3级H型高血压患者血浆Hcy水平高于1级和2级患者(P0.05),1级和2级患者之间的Hcy水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。【结论】H型高血压中痰湿壅盛证、阴阳两虚证分布最广,其中痰湿壅盛证患者的Hcy水平最高。     

影响高血压病中医证型相关因素的研究

目的：研究高血压病中医证型的影响因素,探索高血压病临床辨证规律。方法：根据临床症候将63例高血压病患者辨证分为肝火亢盛型、痰湿壅盛型、阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型,比较性别、年龄、体重指数和血压与中医证型的关系。结果：阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型女性多于男性（P〈0.05）,痰湿壅盛型和肝火亢盛型男性多于女性（P〈0.05）。平均年龄肝火亢盛型低于其他3型（P〈0.01）,痰湿壅盛型低于阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型（P〈0.05）。肝火亢盛型和痰湿壅盛型体重指数高于其他两型（P〈0.01）。收缩压升高以肝火亢盛型和阴阳两虚型为主（P〈0.05）,舒张压升高以肝火亢盛型和痰湿壅盛型为主（P〈0.05）。结论：高血压病中医证型与性别、年龄、体重指数和血压均有一定的相关性。     

影响高血压病中医证型相关因素的研究

目的:研究高血压病中医证型的影响因素,探索高血压病临床辨证规律。方法:根据临床症候将63例高血压病患者辨证分为肝火亢盛型、痰湿壅盛型、阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型,比较性别、年龄、体重指数和血压与中医证型的关系。结果:阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型女性多于男性(P<0.05),痰湿壅盛型和肝火亢盛型男性多于女性(P<0.05)。平均年龄肝火亢盛型低于其他3型(P<0.01),痰湿壅盛型低于阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型(P<0.05)。肝火亢盛型和痰湿壅盛型体重指数高于其他两型(P<0.01)。收缩压升高以肝火亢盛型和阴阳两虚型为主(P<0.05),舒张压升高以肝火亢盛型和痰湿壅盛型为主(P<0.05)。结论:高血压病中医证型与性别、年龄、体重指数和血压均有一定的相关性。     

100例未成年人原发性高血压中医证型及其与危险因素的关系

目的 探讨未成年人高血压的中医证型分布情况及其与生化指标、脂联素、瘦素的关系,为未成年人高血压病因病机和高血压辨证的客观化提供可能依据.方法 收集100例原发性未成年人高血压患者的临床资料进行辨证分型,检测其血清生化指标、脂联素、瘦素水平,运用统计学方法进行数据分析.结果 各证型按所占比例排列为:阴虚阳亢证>痰湿壅盛证>肝火亢盛证,血清APN水平在各证型中分布为痰湿壅盛证<肝火亢盛证<阴虚阳亢证,leptin水平在各证型中分布为痰湿壅盛证>阴虚阳亢证>肝火亢盛证,且比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 未成年人高血压出现率最高的证型为阴虚阳亢证;痰湿壅盛证患者更易出现脂质代谢紊乱.     

高血压病辨证分型与经颅多普勒临床相关性研究

目的 探讨原发性高血压病不同中医证型与经颅多普勒参数的相关性.方法 将98例高血压患者行经颅多普勒检查,对比分析与中医证型的关系.结果 肝火亢盛证和阴虚阳亢证证型的脉动指数明显高于阴阳两虚证,而仅有少部分血流速度明显低于痰湿壅盛证组(P＜0.05).肝火亢盛证和阴虚阳亢证仅有少部分脉动指数指标明显低于痰湿壅盛证组(P＜0.05).结论 经颅多普勒可以作为高血压病中医辨证的参考指标.     

血尿酸水平与原发性高血压中医辨证分型的关系

目的探讨原发性高血压(essential hypertension,EH))中医分型及其与血尿酸水平的相关性。方法选取2015年10月至2016年10月期间就诊的EH患者100例,综合中医四诊资料,对其进行辨证分型,分为肝火亢盛、阴虚阳亢、痰湿壅盛、阴阳两虚4个基本证型,另外选取同期就诊的非高血压的健康体检者60例,采用酶法检测EH及非高血压患者的血尿酸水平,分析两组血尿酸发生率及其与中医辨证分型的关系。结果原发性高血压组血尿酸水平明显高于非高血压组(P 0. 05);且原发性高血压不同中医辨证分型的血尿酸水平存在差异,均高于非高血压组(P 0. 05),阴阳两虚型、阴虚阳亢型血尿酸水平明显高于肝火亢盛型、痰湿壅盛型(P 0. 05)。结论原发性高血压合并血尿酸升高者较非高血压者明显增加,而血尿酸水平与原发性高血压的中医辨证分型之间也存在一定的相关性。     

探讨庆阳高血压患者的中医证型分布

目的:了解甘肃庆阳地区高血压病患者的中医证型的分布情况。方法:选取我市有代表性的三家医院门诊和住院高血压病患者220例,根据西医诊断标准诊断高血压病,按中医辨证分型标准,把入选患者分为肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型、痰湿壅盛型、阴阳两虚型4组。分别给患者测量静息血压进行统计分析。结果:阴阳两虚证患者约68例(占30.9%),痰湿壅盛证患者60例(占27.3%),阴虚阳亢证患者47例(占21.4%),肝火亢盛证45例(占20.5%)。从年龄分布可见阴阳两虚痰湿壅盛阴虚阳亢肝火亢盛,各组间相比,差异有统计学意义(p0.05),肝火亢盛组、痰湿壅盛组男性分布多于女性,男女组构成比具有显著性差异(p0.05);而阴虚阳亢型多见于女性,阴阳两虚型男女性别差异不显著(p0.05)。结论:甘肃庆阳地区高血压患者中医分型以阴阳两虚、痰湿壅盛较多见。     

高血压病中医证型与颈动脉血管内-中膜厚度、弹性及顺应性的相关性研究

目的：探讨高血压病中医证型与颈动脉血管内一中膜厚度、弹性及顺应性的关系。方法：高血压病患者124例,中医辨证分为肝火亢盛、阴虚阳亢、阴阳两虚和痰湿壅盛四型,应用彩超检测各型患者颈动脉血管内．中膜厚度（IMT）、管腔内径、收缩期峰值流速（SPV）、舒张末期流速（EDV）,并与正常血压者30例对照。结果：除肝火亢盛型外,其他证型血管阻力（RI）及搏动指数（PI）均高于正常组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;SPV、EDV,四型排序依次为肝火亢盛〉阴虚阳亢〉阴阳两虚〉痰湿壅盛;IMT除肝火亢盛型外,其他证型均较正常组增厚（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,其中又以阴阳两虚型及痰湿壅盛型最显著。结论：阴阳两虚及痰湿壅盛是高血压病的危险证型。     

颈动脉血管内-中膜厚度、弹性及顺应性与高血压病各证型的相关性探讨

目的探讨颈动脉血管内-中膜厚度、弹性及顺应性与高血压病中医辨证分型的相关性。方法彩超检测104例患者4型高血压病颈动脉血管内-中膜厚度（IMT）、管腔内径、收缩期峰值流速（SPV）、舒张末期流速（EDV）,并与25例正常血压者对照观察。结果①除肝火亢盛型外其他证型阻力指数（RI）及血流指数（PI）均高于正常对照组（P<0.05）。②4型中医证型EDV由大到小排序为肝火亢盛>阴虚阳亢>阴阳两虚>痰湿壅盛。IMT除肝火亢盛型外,其他证型均较正常对照组增厚（P<0.05）,以阴阳两虚及痰湿壅盛最为显著。结论高血压病中医辨证分型中,阴阳两虚及痰湿壅盛是危险证型。     

原发性高血压中医证型与血管紧张素原 M235T基因多态性相关性

目的探讨原发性高血压（essential hypertension,EH）不同中医证型与血管紧张素原（angiotensino-gen,AGT）M235T基因多态性的相关性。方法选择EH患者120例,辨证分型分别为肝火亢盛型、阴虚阳亢型、阴阳两虚型、痰湿壅盛型,并选取正常人30例作为对照组,采用聚合酶链反应（polymerase chain reac-tion,PCR）检测AGTM235T基因多态性。结果 EH组MM、MT基因型频率和M等位基因频率显著低于健康对照组（P〈0.05）,而TT基因型频率和T等位基因频率显著高于健康对照组（P〈0.05）;EH肝火亢盛型AGTM235T基因TT型频率及等位基因T频率显著高于健康对照组（P〈0.05）;EH组各证型基因型频率和等位基因频率比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 EH肝火亢盛型可能与AGTM235T基因TT型有关联。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.