DPPH·法测定红柳醇提物各组分清除自由基的能力

目的通过11,二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基(DPPH.)法测定红柳醇提物各组分清除自由基的能力。方法将红柳醇提物依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取,各组分都配置成相当于原药材50mg.mL-1的溶液,通过DPPH.法测定各组分的清除自由基的能力,并计算各组分的清除50%自由基时样品浓度(IC50)。结果正丁醇层清除自由基的能力最强I,C50为0.55mg.mL-1,其次是萃后水层(IC50为1.47mg.mL-1),乙酸乙酯层(IC50为3.96mg.mL-1)和石油醚层(IC50为4.78mg.mL-1)。结论红柳醇提物各组分对DPPH.均具有一定清除作用,具有体外抗氧化性,可作为有效的天然自由基清除剂,具有很大的开发利用前景。     

DPPH·法测定红柳醇提物各组分清除自由基的能力

目的通过11,二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基（DPPH.）法测定红柳醇提物各组分清除自由基的能力。方法将红柳醇提物依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取,各组分都配置成相当于原药材50mg.mL-1的溶液,通过DPPH·法测定各组分的清除自由基的能力,并计算各组分的清除50%自由基时样品浓度（IC50）。结果正丁醇层清除自由基的能力最强I,C50为0.55mg.mL-1,其次是萃后水层（IC50为1.47mg.mL-1）,乙酸乙酯层（IC50为3.96mg.mL-1）和石油醚层（IC50为4.78mg.mL-1）。结论红柳醇提物各组分对DPPH·均具有一定清除作用,具有体外抗氧化性,可作为有效的天然自由基清除剂,具有很大的开发利用前景。     

红参多糖抗氧化活性的研究

[目的]评价红参多糖的体外抗氧化能力。[方法]以热水回流提取法（料水比1：10,100℃下提取4h）从红参（RGR）根茎提取的多糖为材料,通过1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基自由基（DPPH）自由基清除率、清除羟自由基活性和还原能力测定等体外抗氧化实验来评价红参多糖的体外抗氧化能力。[结果]红参多糖清除、羟基自由基能力和还原能力均随多糖浓度的增加而上升;1mg.mL-1的多糖对DPPH自由基的清除率高达67.61%,对羟基自由基的清除率为36.43%,在还原力的测定中,1 mg.mL-1多糖在700 nm下吸光值为0.447。[结论]红参多糖有较强的抗氧化能力,对体外自由基有较好的清除作用。     

何首乌3种组分的提取及其清除DPPH自由基作用的研究

目的分离何首乌二苯乙烯苷、蒽醌、多糖3种组分,比较它们清除DPPH自由基的能力,揭示何首乌抗氧化可能的物质基础。方法采用溶剂萃取和柱层析分离提取何首乌二苯乙烯苷、蒽醌、多糖3种组分,并通过DPPH自由基清除试验,比较各组分清除自由基的能力。结果何首乌二苯乙烯苷组分清除DPPH自由基的IC50为1.42 mg/mL（以生药计,下同）;何首乌蒽醌组分清除DPPH自由基的IC50为2.67 mg/mL,何首乌多糖组分清除DPPH自由基的IC50为360 mg/mL。结论二苯乙烯苷和蒽醌是何首乌清除DPPH自由基的主要组分;何首乌多糖体外清除DPPH自由基的作用较弱。     

青钱柳提取物清除羟自由基和抑制脂质过氧化的作用

目的研究五种青钱柳提取物(CPS)清除羟自由基和抑制脂质过氧化作用。方法采用组织匀浆MDA比色法测定不同浓度的CPS对小鼠肝脏自发性脂质过氧化的作用。利用Fenton反应产生.OH,研究CPS对羟自由基的清除作用,计算半清除率(IC50)。结果五种提取物均明显的具有抗脂质过氧化作用,在浓度为1.0mg.ml-1时,对小鼠肝组织自发性MDA的抑制率大小为:正丁醇>石油醚>多糖>水>乙酸乙酯。CPS对.OH自由基IC50大小为:水>石油醚>正丁醇>多糖>乙酸乙酯。结论五种青钱柳提取物均有较强的体外抗氧化活性,且活性与浓度呈明显的量效关系。     

马齿苋粗多糖的提取及清除羟自由基活性作用

目的:研究马齿苋粗多糖的水提法优化工艺和清除羟自由基活性作用.方法:采用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量,以多糖提取率为考察指标,进行单因素实验,考察固液比、温度、时间、提取次数等因素对提取率的影响.在此基础上,进行正交试验,优化水提法工艺条件.采用水杨酸法考察马齿苋粗多糖清除羟自由基活性.结果:温度是影响粗多糖提取率的重要因素.水提法优化工艺条件为温度100 ℃、时间2 h、固液比1∶15、提取次数4次,此条件下多糖提取率达94.26%,粗多糖得率为15.50%,多糖含量为22.60%.马齿苋粗多糖具有清除羟自由基能力,并且其清除能力与质量浓度有明显的量效关系,马齿苋粗多糖质量浓度为3.5 mg/mL时清除率达50%,质量浓度为17.6 mg/mL时清除率高达90%.结论:该优化工艺可用于马齿苋多糖的提取,高浓度马齿苋粗多糖具有较好的抗氧化活性.     

山慈菇多糖的提取及其抗氧化作用的研究

目的 提取山慈菇多糖,测定其总糖含量并对其体外抗氧化能力进行初步研究.方法 采用热水浸提法提取山慈菇多糖,并通过脱蛋白,醇沉等方法分离纯化山慈菇多糖.采用苯酚-硫酸法测定山慈菇多糖的含量.通过邻苯三酚自氧化法、Fenton法和DPPH法测定山慈菇多糖溶液及对照组VC溶液在浓度分别为0.5mg/mL,1 mg/mL,2 mg/mL,4 mg/mL时对超氧阴离子、DPPH自由基及羟自由基的清除率.结果 苯酚-硫酸法测得分离纯化后的山慈菇多糖的浓度为30 mg/mL.山慈菇多糖溶液及VC清除超氧阴离子,DPPH自由基及羟自由基的效率随浓度的增加而增强,两组内差异具有显著性意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.001).结论 山慈菇多糖在体外具有明显清除超氧阴离子、羟自由基和DPPH自由基的作用,并且在体外的抗氧化作用均随其浓度的增大而增大.     

冬青属两种植物的抗炎作用及自由基清除能力研究

目的研究猫儿刺[Ilex pernyi Franch.(I.P.)]和龙里冬青[Ilex dunniana Levl.(I.D.)]2种植物干燥枝叶的乙醇提取物的急性毒性和抗炎、清除自由基的作用。方法以小鼠为实验动物,考察2种提取物的急性毒性;用经典的小鼠耳肿胀和大鼠肉芽肿方法考察了2种植物提取物的抗炎作用;并以DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl,二苯代苦味肼基自由基)和羟自由基实验评价2种提取物的自由基清除功效。结果急性毒性实验显示,当给予提取物剂量高达5 000 mg/kg时,仍没有小鼠出现死亡或中毒反应。在小鼠耳肿胀实验中,2种提取物高(1 200 mg/kg)、中(600 mg/kg)、低(300 mg/kg)剂量组均显示了一定的抗炎作用,且抗炎活性呈剂量依赖性;在慢性炎症实验中,大鼠肉芽肿模型的高(960 mg/kg)、中(480 mg/kg)、低(240 mg/kg)剂量组也显示了相似的结果。在自由基清除实验中,猫儿刺(I.P.)和龙里冬青(I.D.)都显示了较好的自由基清除功效,对DPPH自由基的半数清除率IC50分别为13.66μg/mL(I.P.)和13.48μg/mL(I.D.),阳性对照维生素C(Vc)的IC50为6.10μg/mL;对羟自由基的半数清除率IC50分别为0.51 mg/mL(I.P.)和0.78 mg/mL(I.D.),Vc的IC50为0.03 mg/mL。结论 I.P.和I.D.的乙醇提取物具有一定的抗炎作用和较好的自由基清除能力。     

芙蓉菊多糖体外抗氧化活性研究

目的 研究芙蓉菊多糖的体外抗氧化活性。方法 采用1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼（DPPH）自由基、还原力、超氧阴离子、羟自由基4种体外抗氧化模型研究芙蓉菊多糖的抗氧化活性,用维生素C作对照。结果 芙蓉菊粗多糖对DPPH自由基、还原力、超氧阴离子、羟自由基均有明显的清除能力,其中DPPH、超氧阴离子、羟自由基的EC50值分别为0.273、0.669、0.594 mg/mL,对羟自由基清除能力强于维生素C。芙蓉菊多糖对自由基清除率与其质量浓度存在着明显的量效关系。结论 芙蓉菊多糖具有良好的体外抗氧化活性,作为天然抗氧化剂和自由基清除剂有进一步研究的价值。     

海带褐藻多糖硫酸酯的抗氧化活性研究

目的 研究海带褐藻多糖硫酸醋的抗氧化作用。方法 采用体外实验研究海带褐藻多糖硫酸醢对超氧阴离子、羟自由基、DPPH的清除作用以及对H2O2诱导的红细胞氧化溶血和大鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化的保护作用。结果 海带褐藻多糖硫酸醋对超氧阴离子具有良好的清除作用，IC50为20．3μg／mL，其对羟自由基的清除作用较弱，对有机自由基DPPH的作用很弱。褐藻多糖硫酸醋能够抑制H2O2诱导的红细胞氧化溶血，对FeSO4-抗坏血酸体系造成的脂质过氧化具有良好的保护作用。结论 海带褐藻多糖硫酸醋具有显著的体外抗氧化活性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.