康寿特效胶囊初步药效学研究

目的研究康寿特效胶裳的抗疲劳、耐缺氧、增强机体免疫功能等作用,为临床用药提供参考依据。方法给予不同剂量康寿特效胶囊,观察其对小鼠抗疲劳、耐缺氧、机体免疫功能及小鼠记忆再现障碍的影响。结果康寿特效胶囊（5、10g生药·kg^-1）能明显延长小鼠游泳时间、耐缺氧生存时间和促进小鼠网状内皮系统的吞噬功能,对小鼠记忆再现障碍有缓解作用。结论康寿特效胶囊具有抗疲劳、耐缺氧、增强机体免疫功能等作用。     

正源方提取物对小鼠的抗疲劳、耐缺氧与镇痛作用

目的:研究正源方提取物对小鼠的抗疲劳、耐缺氧及镇痛作用。方法:实验分为正常对照(等容生理盐水)组、十全大补丸(1.75 g/kg)组与正源方提取物高、中、低剂量(12.00、6.00、3.00 g/kg)组,ig给药,每天1次,连续9 d。采用负重游泳实验和转棒实验,观察正源方提取物对小鼠的抗疲劳作用;采用常压耐缺氧法测定小鼠存活时间;采用光热辐射甩尾法测定小鼠的痛阈值。结果:与正常对照组比较,正源方提取物高、中剂量组小鼠力竭游泳时间、转棒时间延长;正源方提取物高、中、低剂量组小鼠存活时间延长,痛阈值增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:正源方提取物对小鼠具有明显的抗疲劳、耐缺氧与镇痛作用。     

沙苑子黄酮对D-半乳糖所致亚急性衰老模型小鼠的抗衰老作用研究

目的:研究沙苑子黄酮(FAC)对D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老模型小鼠的作用。方法:制备小鼠D-半乳糖亚急性衰老模型,检测FAC对模型小鼠衰老相关酶、免疫器官指数、耐缺氧时间、游泳时间等指标的影响。结果:FAC能明显提高衰老小鼠血中SOD活性,降低MDA含量,明显提高脾指数和胸腺指数,延长衰老模型小鼠缺氧条件下的存活时间和游泳时间。结论:FAC具有抗衰老作用,且能增强小鼠耐缺氧和耐疲劳能力,其作用可能与其增强小鼠非特异性免疫功能有关。     

芪术口服液药效学研究

目的:观察芪术口服液的免疫调节作用和抗应激能力.方法:采用环磷酰胺所致免疫功能低下小鼠模型,观察芪术口服液对正常和免疫功能低下小鼠的影响;用小鼠游泳法、常压耐缺氧法观察其对小鼠抗应激能力的影响.结果:芪术口服液能显著减轻环磷酰胺所致的小鼠白细胞、红细胞减少,提高脾脏指数、胸腺指数,提高小鼠RES吞噬功能,延长小鼠游泳时间及常压耐缺氧能力.结论:芪术口服液具有增强免疫力和抗应激能力的作用.     

乌鸡白凤丸抗炎、镇痛及抗应激的药效学研究

目的探讨乌鸡白凤丸抗炎、镇痛及抗应激作用,为其临床应用提供科学的理论依据。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀实验、蛋清致大鼠足趾肿胀实验以及大鼠棉球肉芽肿实验,观察乌鸡白凤丸的抗炎作用;应用小鼠热板法、醋酸扭体法观察该药的镇痛作用;通过小鼠耐疲劳、耐缺氧、耐寒冷实验观察该药的抗应激作用。结果抗炎方面:乌鸡白凤丸可显著抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀度及大鼠致炎后足肿胀度,降低大鼠肉芽肿系数;镇痛方面:乌鸡白凤丸可提高热板法引起的小鼠痛阈值,抑制醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应;抗应激方面:乌鸡白凤丸能增加小鼠负荷游泳时间,延长小鼠常压耐缺氧的存活时间,降低小鼠在低温环境中的死亡率。结论乌鸡白凤丸具有显著的抗炎、镇痛及抗应激作用。     

铁皮枫斗胶囊的药理作用研究

目的:观察铁皮枫斗胶囊养阴生津及抗疲劳、耐缺氧作用。方法:采用甲亢型阴虚模型小鼠、家兔唾液分泌量研究铁皮枫斗胶囊的养阴生津作用;采用小鼠游泳时间及缺氧存活时间研究铁皮枫斗胶囊的抗疲劳、耐缺氧作用。结果:铁皮枫斗胶囊能明显改善甲亢型阴虚小鼠的虚弱症状,降低小鼠的死亡率,与模型对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.01) ;该药也能促进正常家兔的唾液分泌,并能拮抗抗胆碱药阿托品抑制唾液分泌作用;它能显著延长小鼠的游泳时间,明显延长经异丙肾上腺素处理小鼠在密闭三角烧瓶内的存活时间。结论:铁皮枫斗胶囊有显著的养阴生津功效,有抗疲劳作用,并能提高小鼠的耐缺氧能力     

参芪五味子胶囊镇静、抗应激作用研究

目的:研究参芪五味子胶囊镇静、抗应激的作用。方法:采用戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量及催眠剂量观察参芪五味子胶囊对戊巴比妥钠小鼠催眠的协同作用;采用小鼠游泳、常压下耐缺氧实验观察参芪五味子胶囊对小鼠的抗应激作用。结果:参芪五味子胶囊能显著延长戊巴比妥钠小鼠的睡眠时间,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠入睡小鼠只数;显著延长小鼠游泳时间和耐缺氧时间。结论:参芪五味子胶囊具有镇静、抗应激的作用。     

铁皮枫斗胶囊的药理作用研究

目的 :观察铁皮枫斗胶囊养阴生津及抗疲劳、耐缺氧作用。方法 :采用甲亢型阴虚模型小鼠、家兔唾液分泌量研究铁皮枫斗胶囊的养阴生津作用 ;采用小鼠游泳时间及缺氧存活时间研究铁皮枫斗胶囊的抗疲劳、耐缺氧作用。结果 :铁皮枫斗胶囊能明显改善甲亢型阴虚小鼠的虚弱症状 ,降低小鼠的死亡率 ,与模型对照组比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;该药也能促进正常家兔的唾液分泌 ,并能拮抗抗胆碱药阿托品抑制唾液分泌作用 ;它能显著延长小鼠的游泳时间 ,明显延长经异丙肾上腺素处理小鼠在密闭三角烧瓶内的存活时间。结论 :铁皮枫斗胶囊有显著的养阴生津功效 ,有抗疲劳作用 ,并能提高小鼠的耐缺氧能力     

文蛤多糖对小鼠调节血糖和抗应激功能的影响

目的观察文蛤多糖的降血糖作用和抗应激能力,为资源开发利用提供基础研究资料。方法以四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠为模型,对文蛤多糖进行降血糖的实验研究。以小鼠游泳时间、常压耐缺氧、高温及低温环境下生存时间观察文蛤多糖对小鼠抗应激能力的影响。结果文蛤多糖高剂量组可显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的血糖,延长小鼠游泳时间、常压耐缺氧时间、耐高温时间及耐低温时间。结论文蛤多糖具有降低血糖和增强抗应激能力的作用。     

中药楮实子滋补强壮作用机理研究

为探讨中药楮实子的滋补强壮作用机理，本通过小鼠游泳实验、缺氧条件下生存时间实验表明楮实子油、楮实子果汁及醇提物均有较好的抗疲劳、耐缺氧作用。对于小鼠脾系数和胸腺系数也有不同程度的影响。提示楮实子是具有开发潜力的保健中药。     

五子衍宗丸联合西药治疗男性不育症的疗效观察

目的探讨五子衍宗丸联合克罗米芬、强的松治疗男性不育症的临床效果。方法 100例男性不育症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组给予罗米芬、强的松治疗,治疗组采用五子衍宗丸联合克罗米芬、强的松治疗,30d为1疗程,连续治疗3个疗程后评价临床疗效。结果治疗组临床疗效总有效率为94.0%,显著高于对照组（76.0%）,相比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;治疗后,治疗组精液量和精子活动率显著升高,精液液化时间和精子畸形率显著下降,与治疗前和对照组比较均有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;治疗组患者治疗过程中未见明显的不良反应。结论五子衍宗丸联合常规西药治疗男性不育症能改善患者的精液质量,临床疗效确切,安全性高,值得临床推广应用。     

补肾康乐胶囊治疗少弱精症疗效观察

目的 观察补肾康乐胶囊治疗少弱精症的疗效.方法 将92例少弱精症患者随机分为两组,治疗组46例,采用补肾康乐胶囊进行治疗.对照组46例,采用五子衍宗丸治疗,3个月为一个疗程.结果 治疗前后,治疗组和对照组精子密度、A级精子率,A+B级精子率均有显著增加.治疗组三项指标明显高于对照组的增长幅度,有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论 补肾康乐胶囊治疗少弱精子症有显著疗效,且安全性良好.     

生精育子汤治疗男性不育症患者中少弱精症的疗效研究

目的分析生精育子汤治疗男性不育症患者中少弱精症的临床疗效。方法 200例男性不育症少弱精症患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各100例。治疗组给予生精育子汤煎汤口服治疗,对照组给予中成药五子衍宗丸口服治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效及治疗前后精子密度和质量变化。结果治疗组总有效率为82.0%,高于对照组的49.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组前向运动精子(35.6±15.8)%和精子密度(46.6±8.7)×10^6/ml均高于对照组的(26.8±13.5)%、(29.6±5.8)×10^6/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论生精育子汤与五子衍宗丸均能提高精子的密度和质量,生精育子汤疗效明显优于五子衍宗丸。生精育子汤效果确切,简便廉验,经济适用,可大力推广于临床。     

益精灵口服液抗大鼠疲劳作用研究

目的观察益精灵口服液的抗运动性疲劳作用。方法80只雄性SD大鼠随机分为模型组,贞芪扶正胶囊组,益精灵口服液低、中、高剂量组,每组16只,另设10只大鼠作为空白对照组。除空白对照组外,其余各组给予药物干预7 d后,每组取6只大鼠采用负重游泳力竭试验观察对大鼠力竭游泳时间的影响;剩余大鼠负重游泳90 min后取血测定血尿素氮(BUN)、血乳酸(LAC)和血糖(GLU)的变化。结果益精灵口服液能明显延长大鼠负重力竭游泳的时间,模型组力竭游泳时间为(97±21.17)min,贞芪扶正胶囊组和益精灵口服液低、中、高剂量组分别为(147.60±22.62)min,(148.17±14.35)min,(174.17±19.51)min,(178.50±23.60)min;能显著降低运动性疲劳大鼠的BUN和LAC含量。结论益精灵口服液具有明显的抗大鼠运动性疲劳作用,其机制可能与减少BUN和LAC的堆积有关。     

基于小鼠游泳计算机自动控制系统的肉苁蓉抗疲劳作用研究

目的:基于小鼠游泳计算机自动控制系统,考察肉苁蓉的抗疲劳作用。方法:将小鼠随机分成5组,正常对照组、阳虚模型组、肉苁蓉水煎液低剂量组2.5 g.kg-1、肉苁蓉水煎液中剂量组5 g.kg-1、肉苁蓉水煎液高剂量组10 g.kg-1;除正常对照组外,其余4组小鼠皮下注射氢化可的松25 mg.kg-1,连续注射8天,给药组按给药剂量连续灌胃10天,每天1次,正常对照组和模型组则灌胃给予相等体积的生理盐水;选用已完善的小鼠游泳计算机自动控制系统,观察肉苁蓉对游泳计算机自动管理系统的指标评价体系的影响及对阳虚小鼠丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的影响。结果:10 g.kg-1肉苁蓉水煎液能延长阳虚小鼠负重游泳的死亡时间(TD)和首次下沉时间(FST),并能降低MDA含量,提高SOD和GSH-Px活性。结论:肉苁蓉能提高阳虚小鼠的抗疲劳能力,且从行为学上看肉苁蓉主要增加游泳前期的耐力。其抗疲劳能力可能与其抗氧化功能有关。     

红景天联合多维元素对小鼠运动性疲劳的影响

目的：观察红景天联合多维元素对小鼠运动性疲劳的影响。方法：似随机抽样法将40只雄性小鼠分为4组,分别为空白对照组、红景天（质量浓度为0．78g·kg^-1）联合多维元素（质量浓度为0．21g·kg^-1）低剂量组、红景天（质量浓度为1．56g·kg^-1）联合多维元素（质量浓度为0．42g·kg^-1）中剂量组、红景天（质量浓度为3．12g·b^-1）联合多维元素（质量浓度为0．84g·kg^-1）高剂量组。对4组雄性小鼠连续灌胃给药7d后,测定小鼠负重游泳时间、血乳酸浓度、肝糖原含量3个指标。结果：红景天联合多维元素能延长小鼠的负重游泳时间、降低血乳酸浓度、提高肝糖原含量。结论：红景天联合多维元素对小鼠具有抗运动性疲劳作用。     

Pharmacological activities of a new glycosaminoglycan,acharan sulfate isolated from the giant African snail Achatina fulica

Acharan sulfate (AS) is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) prepared from the giant African snail, Achatina fulica. In this study, some biological activities of AS were evaluated on the basis of structural similarities to heparin/heparan sulfate and the biological functions of GAGs. We demonstrated that it exhibited strong immunostimulating activities as measured by carbon clearance test in mice and in vivo phagocytosis. It also exhibited a significant hypoglycemic activity in epinephrine (EP)-induced hyperglycemia as well as antifatigue effects by weight-loaded forced swimming test. And it showed hypolipidemic activities in cholesterol-rich mixture induced hyperlipidemia in rats. The above results indicate that AS has diverse biological activities and suggest therapeutically important target molecules.     

六应丸抗炎和镇痛活性的实验研究

目的：观察六应丸的抗炎和镇痛作用,为其在临床应用提供实验依据。方法：采用醋酸致小鼠扭体模型和热刺激致疼痛模型,考察其镇痛活性;采用二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀和酵母所致大鼠足趾肿胀,考察其抗炎作用,并和六神丸的疗效进行比较。结果：六应丸能有效抑制醋酸引起的小鼠扭体反应、二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀和酵母所致大鼠足趾肿胀,其抗炎镇痛作用与六神丸无显著差异。结论：六应丸具有显著的抗炎镇痛作用。     

Effects of macamides on endurance capacity and anti-fatigue property in prolonged swimming mice

Context: Lepidium meyenii Walp. (Brassicaceae), most commonly known as “maca”, has been used as a food or folk medicine to improve vitality in Peru. Previous research demonstrated that lipid-soluble extract from maca improved swimming endurance capacity. Macamides are considered the typical lipid-soluble markers for maca and proved to have several pharmacological properties, such as improving sexual performance and neuroprotective activies.

Objective: The present study investigates the effects of macamides on endurance capacity and anti-fatigue property in prolonged swimming mice.

Materials and methods: The Balb/c mice were divided into seven groups: a control group, low-dose groups of N-benzyllinoleamide, N-benzyloleamide, and N-benzylpalmitamide, high-dose groups of these macamides. The macamides groups received the commercial products (12 and 40?mg/kg, ig), while the control group received vehicle for 21 d. On the 14th day, the mice were given the weight-loaded swimming test. On the 21st day, the mice were sacrificed immediately after 90?min swimming, and some biochemical parameters were measured.

Results and discussion: Compared with the control group, exhaustive swimming time was significantly prolonged in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide (p?<?0.05); the levels of lactic acid (LD), blood ammonia (BA), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly decreased (p?<?0.05), whereas the levels of liver glycogen (LG) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) were significantly increased (p?<?0.05) in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide. The malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the brain, muscle, and liver were significantly decreased (p?<?0.05), whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities in the brain, muscle, and liver were significantly increased in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide (p?<?0.05).

Conclusion: The results indicate that N-benzyloleamide has pharmaceutical property against exercise-induced fatigue, and this effect can be explained by the modulated energy metabolism and improved antioxidant status.     

The anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 in mice by intranasally administration

20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (20(R)-Rg3) has shown multiple pharmacological activities and been considered as one of the most promising approaches for fatigue treatment. However, 20(R)-Rg3 has a low bioavailability after oral administration in human due to the first-pass effect. Recently, nasal route has gained increasing interest as it can avoid first-pass effect for its lower enzymatic activity compared with the gastrointestinal tract and liver. In order to provide an animal experimental evidence of 20(R)-Rg3 intranasal administrated preparation, the anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-Rg3 after intranasal administration was investigated. Two weeks after 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 was administrated intranasally to mice at three different doses, the anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-Rg3 was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters related to fatigue, such as serum urea nitrogen (SUN), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), blood lactic acid (LA) and hepatic glycogen. The results showed that compared with the negative control group, the intermediate-dose and the high-dose groups significantly prolonged the weight-loaded swimming time (p<0.05; p<0.01), and also increased the hepatic glycogen levels (p<0.05); SUN levels were decreased considerably in three 20(R)-Rg3-treated groups (p<0.01). In addition, the low-dose group obviously decreased the content of blood LA (p<0.05). However, the levels of LDH, SOD and MDA did not show a significant change. Our results predicted a benefit of 20(R)-Rg3 as an anti-fatigue treatment by intranasal administration. The mechanism was related to the increase of the storage of hepatic glycogen, and the decrease of the accumulation of metabolite such as lactic acid and serum urea nitrogen.