氧化海藻酸钠的氧化度对其交联海藻酸钠/明胶（半）互穿网络膜性能的影响

以海藻酸钠(SA)为原料、高碘酸钠(SP)为氧化剂,通过调整SA与SP物质的量之比以及氧化时间,制备了不同氧化度的氧化海藻酸钠(OSA);以OSA为交联剂,制备了海藻酸钠/明胶（半）互穿网络膜(SA/Ge (semi) IPN)。通过红外光谱研究了（半）互穿网络膜的结构,推测了其交联机理;通过力学性能、交联度等测试方法研究了OSA的氧化度对（半）互穿网络膜力学性能的影响。结果表明：通过控制SA与SP物质的量之比可以制备特定氧化度的OSA;（半）互穿网络膜的力学性能随着OSA氧化度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,而交联度随着OSA氧化度的增加而增加。     

明胶-壳多糖交联膜预防硬脑膜粘连的初步研究

目的:研究自制明胶壳多糖交联膜的止血和防硬脑膜粘连功能。方法:壳多糖与明胶混合液交联后置入冻干机冻干制得明胶-壳多糖交联膜,新西兰家兔脊柱两侧各剪渗血创面,分别敷以明胶-壳多糖交联膜和灭菌纱布止血,记录出血时间,以膜或纱布中Hb 560 nm光密度值(D560)表示出血量;新西兰家兔双侧颅顶部开窗,剪除兔的硬脑膜,置入明胶-壳多糖交联膜,对侧空白对照。术后2、4、8、12周观察粘连情况。结果:使用明胶-壳多糖交联膜出血时间为(78±6)s,Hb的.D560为0.76±0.51,与对照组的(119±11)s和1.63±0.72相比有显著差异(P<0.01)。明胶一壳多糖交联膜组瘢痕与硬脑膜下组织无明显粘连,硬脑膜下间隙存在,未见明显炎症反应;对照组粘连明显,对脑组织有牵拉。结论:明胶一壳多糖交联膜具有明显的止血及防硬脑膜粘连功能。     

粒径可控的聚乙烯醇交联微球VA/DVB的制备

以醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)为主单体,二乙烯基苯(DVB)为交联剂,聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂,采用悬浮聚合法制备了交联微球VAe/DVB.重点考察了分散剂用量、搅拌速率、油水两相比例、NaCl用量等因素对交联微球的形成及其粒度的影响.使用甲醇对微球VAc/DVB进行醇解反应,制得了聚乙烯醇交联微球VA/DVB.结果表明:交联微球VA/DVB的物理形态决定于前驱体微球VAc/DVB的形貌与粒径.在悬浮聚合体系中,分散剂用量、搅拌速率与油水两相比是影响交联微球制备的主要因素,当分散剂用量太少(<0.3%)、搅拌速率太慢(<200 r/min)与油水两相体积比太大(>l:4)时,共聚合体系中均不能发生成球过程.控制悬浮聚合的反应条件,可以制备出球形度好、粒径可调控的交联微球VA/DVB.影响醇解反应的主要因素是反应温度,适宜的温度是40℃,反应15 h醇解度可达92%.     

合成水杨酸-交联聚苯乙烯螯合树脂的新途径

采用氯甲基化试剂1,4-二氯甲氧基丁烷对交联聚苯乙烯 (CPS) 微球实施了氯甲基化反应,然后使5-氨基水杨酸(ASA)与氯甲基化交联聚苯乙烯微球表面的苄氯基团发生亲核取代反应,制得了氨基水杨酸-交联聚苯乙烯(ASA-CPS)螯合树脂。考察了主要反应条件对取代反应的影响,初步试验了ASA-CPS对金属离子的螯合性能。结果表明： ASA-CPS对Fe(Ⅲ)离子具有很强的螯合能力,吸附容量达3.77 mmol/g。     

两步后交联法制备氯甲基化聚苯乙烯交联微球

以平均粒径为40μm的非交联氯甲基化聚苯乙烯(CMPS)微球为出发物料,采用水解-轻度交联与重度交联两步骤的后交联方法,制备了氯甲基化聚苯乙烯交联微球.用红外光谱表征了交联前后微球化学结构的变化,使用扫描电镜观察了交联微球的形貌,重,点考察了各种交联条件对微球交联度的影响规律,分析了交联反应机理.结果表明:先将非交联氯甲基化聚苯乙烯微球部分水解并轻度交联,然后使CMPS微球在良溶剂中溶胀,使用Friedel-Crafts催化剂,再度进行交联反应,可顺利地制得氯甲基化聚苯乙烯(CCMPS)交联微球;控制交联反应的条件,如反应温度、反应时间、溶剂性质、催化剂种类与用量等,可获得交联度不同的微球,其球形度依然保持良好.     

明胶-环氧聚醚胺交联膜的合成及其对重金属离子的吸附性能

首先利用聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(PEO-DE)、聚二甲基硅氧烷二缩水甘油醚(PDMS-DE)与无水哌嗪以1:1:1的物质的量之比反应合成环氧封端的聚醚胺(ePEA),然后将ePEA分散在水相中与明胶混合,浇铸固化成膜。利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、示差扫描量热法(DSC)和原子吸收光谱(AAS)等手段研究了明胶-环氧聚醚胺交联膜的结构和离子吸附性能。结果表明,与纯明胶膜相比,交联膜中的环氧聚醚胺与明胶之间出现了新的化学交联结构,在水溶液中的稳定性提高;交联膜对Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺、Cd²⁺均有一定的吸附作用,并且吸附能力随着ePEA含量的增加而增加;吸附过程符合二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温模型。     

二醛纤维素交联壳聚糖膜的制备及其染料吸附性能

首先通过浓硫酸水解微晶纤维素（MCC）制备纳米纤维素（NCC）悬浮液,然后通过高碘酸钠选择性氧化NCC悬浮液制备二醛纤维素（DAC）水溶液,最后将DAC水溶液与壳聚糖（CTS）醋酸溶液混合,通过溶液浇注、溶剂蒸发法制得DAC交联CTS膜（DAC-CTS交联膜）。采用红外光谱（FT-IR）、交联度测试、耐酸稳定性测试表征了DAC-CTS交联膜的结构及性能,并研究了其作为吸附剂对阴离子染料活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附能力。结果表明：与纯CTS膜相比,DAC-CTS交联膜的耐酸稳定性与拉伸强度均明显提高;当m（DAC）：m（CTS）=3%时,该交联膜达到最大饱和吸附量1 118.8 mg/g;此外,DAC-CTS交联膜对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温模型和准2级动力学模型。     

酯化交联聚乙烯醇膜用于渗透气化法分离EtoH／H2O的研究

合成了一系列磷酸和二元羧酸酯化交联改性的聚乙烯醇(PVA)膜,研究了它们用于水-乙醇混合液的渗透气化分离规律。磷酸改性的PVA膜具有较大的通量,当料液浓度为50%时,通量可达1200g/m~2·hr.,分离系数α_(H_2O/EtOH)=10。丙二酸改性PVA膜在料液浓度为50%时,通量可达800g/m~2·hr.,且α_(H_2O/EtOH)=18。并作了这两种膜的通量和分离系数随料液浓度的变化曲线。草酸交联的PVA膜具有较高的分离系数,但通量很小。求出了水、乙醇及总的表现渗透活化能。     

靶向DC-SIGN的Le(x)-OVA抗原的制备

目的制备用于靶向DC-SIGN受体的Le(x)寡糖介导的靶向抗原.方法利用Sulfo-SMCC异源双功能交联试剂交联链霉亲和素(streptavidin,SA)和模式抗原卵白蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA),再利用SA与生物素高亲和力结合的特性,将SA-OVA复合物与生物素修饰的Le(x)寡糖反应,由此获得由Le(x)寡糖介导的靶向抗原Le(x)-OVA复合物.结果应用SDS-PAGE蛋白质电泳和Western免疫印迹方法证实SA与OVA蛋白成功交联,ELISA方法证实SA-OVA复合物中的SA仍具有与生物素反应的功能,根据SA-OVA复合物与生物素修饰的Le(x)寡糖饱和反应的比例,获得所需要的靶向抗原Le(x)-OVA复合物.结论获得Le(x)寡糖介导的靶向抗原Le(x)-OVA复合物,为进一步研究经由DC-SIGN靶向后的抗原特异性免疫应答奠定了基础.     

芦荟多糖对S80小鼠红细胞膜功能的影响

目的　研究芦荟多糖对S180 荷瘤小鼠红细胞膜功能的影响。方法　采用荧光分光光度法、SDS 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳以及唾液酸试剂盒分别测定S180 小鼠红细胞膜脂流动性、膜交联蛋白、带 3蛋白以及膜唾液酸 (SA)含量。结果　两种芦荟多糖各剂量组均能不同程度地提高S180 荷瘤小鼠降低的红细胞膜脂流动性、带 3蛋白和SA的含量 ,降低红细胞膜交联蛋白的含量 ,且中剂量均非常显著 (P <0 0 1)。结论　芦荟多糖对S180 荷瘤小鼠红细胞膜功能具有促进作用 ,这可能是芦荟多糖抗肿瘤作用的主要机制之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.