超声造影在肝癌残存病灶微波消融治疗中的应用

目的：探讨超声造影（CEUS）在较大肝癌冷循环微波凝固治疗（PMCT）后残存病灶再次行PMCT治疗中的应用价值。方法：总结我院2008年6月至2013年8月165例肝癌患者经PMCT治疗后,残存病灶不同方式引导进行PMCT的病例资料。结果：本组病灶经CEUS后超声引导下行PMCT治疗后,残存病灶〈3 cm及残存病灶≥3 cm的肝癌完全消融率分别达到100%（68/68）、81.63%（40/49）,总消融率92.31%（108/117）;复习增强CT/MRI后在灰阶超声引导下行PMCT治疗后残存病灶〈3 cm及残存病灶≥3 cm的肝癌完全消融率分别达到100%（33/33）、60.87%（28/46）,总消融率77.22%（61/79）。〈3 cm残存病灶两组完全消融率均100%,差异无统计学意义;≥3 cm残存病灶两组完全消融率及两组总消融率差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.91,P=0.009;χ2=9.04,P=0.003）。所有病例消融术后无胆漏、感染、死亡等严重并发症发生。采用肝脏CEUS判断肿瘤残留,准确性为96.9%,与增强CT/MRI评估相当（P〉0.05）。结论：肝脏CEUS能够精准指导肝癌残存病灶行PMCT,并可用于消融术后疗效评价和随访。     

微波消融肝肿瘤术中影响因素及消融后残留危险因素研究

目的:探讨研究水冷微波消融肝肿瘤的影响因素及消融后残留危险因素,以此提高微波消融治疗肝癌的安全性,为临床微波消融术提供借鉴。方法:选取本院自2015年12月-2017年1月期间收治的18例肝肿瘤患者(共入选42个病灶),对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。所有肝肿瘤患者均实施水冷微波消融治疗,考察不同微波功率、时间对肝肿瘤消融范围的影响,MRI评价分析微波消融肝肿瘤治疗1个月后肝肿瘤残留的危险因素。结果:随着微波时间的延长以及微波功率的加大,肝肿瘤的消融范围横径、纵径以及消融区体积均逐渐增大,各组的纵径与消融区体积对比,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);术后1、2、3、6个月复查进行MRI评价分析,肝肿瘤患者残余病灶11个,残留率为26.2%;肿瘤大小、靠近大管道以及消融安全范围均是残留的危险因素,其中肿瘤大小为独立危险因素。结论:水冷微波消融治疗肝肿瘤,增加微波消融功率或延长微波消融时间,可明显扩大肝肿瘤的消融范围,肿瘤大小、靠近大管道以及消融安全范围均是残留的危险因素,其中肿瘤大小是肝癌微波治疗中残留的独立危险因素。     

心理护理干预对冷循环微波消融治疗肝癌患者的影响

目的探讨心理护理干预对冷循环微波消融治疗肝癌是否存在积极的调节作用。方法将13例肝癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组（8例）患者进行冷循环微波消融治疗及心理护理干预治疗,对照组（5例）仅进行冷循环微波消融治疗。测定护理干预前后2组患者的精神状况及副作用的程度。结果观察组干预后可起到止痛、缓解精神紧张,减轻恶心、呕吐的作用,而对照组干预后精神紧张、血压偏高、副作用加重。结论心理护理干预对冷循环微波消融治疗肝癌存在积极的调节作用。     

冷冻消融对正常猪各级支气管的影响

目的 通过观察各级支气管的病理变化,探讨氩氦刀冷冻消融对支气管的影响,为临床治疗提供实验依据.方法 6只健康家猪分为2组,进行经皮穿刺正常肺组织氩氦刀冷冻消融.分别于消融后3天(A组)、28天(B组)各宰杀3只,观察冷冻消融后消融区形态及大小和各级支气管的病理表现.结果 (1)A组活检冷冻损伤区最大纵径、最大横径0大于消融后即刻冷冻损伤区最大纵径、最大横径(纵径:t=9.789,P=0.000;横径:t=3.253,P=0.023);B组活检消融损伤区最大纵径、最大横径小于A组活检消融损伤区最大纵径、最大横径(纵径:t=7.227,P=0.000;横径:t=6.006,P=0.000).(2)随着支气管腔的变小,冷冻对支气管的损伤加重;对主支气管、二级支气管的损伤较轻.(3)主支气管、二级支气管消融后28 d恢复较好.结论 CT引导下经皮穿刺氩氦刀冷冻消融对主支气管、二级支气管及大血管影响较小,是一种可以耐受、安全的肺部肿瘤微创治疗方法之一.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合冷循环微波刀治疗肝癌的临床价值

目的评价比较肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合冷循环微波刀术（PMCT）治疗肝癌的效果。方法 60例患者接受TACE联合冷循环微波刀治疗术。术后4周复查动态增强CT或MR,观察疗效。结果 TACE＋PMCT后1个月,肿瘤一次消融率为84.30%。结论经肝动脉化疗栓塞联合冷循环微波刀治疗术是肝癌的有效的治疗方法,能明显使肿瘤缩小甚至消失。     

高渗氯化钠溶液增效的射频消融--离体牛肝试验

目的　探讨射频消融术前和术中注入高渗氯化钠溶液对消融范围的影响。方法　使用温控式WE 75 6 8多电极射频肿瘤消融仪和 14G的鞘管式多电极针 ,对离体牛肝进行消融。实验分三组。第一组 :消融前以团注法注入 10 %NaCl溶液 5～ 30ml (以 5ml的剂量线性递增 )。第二组 :消融中 10 %NaCl溶液以 1ml/min的速度持续灌注。第三组 :消融前和消融中不用氯化钠溶液的常规消融。消融结束后沿针道切开牛肝 ,观测肝组织凝固形态和范围。结果　消融前团注氯化钠溶液形成的凝固灶为类椭圆形 ;注入溶液量在 5～ 2 5ml时 ,凝固灶大小随注入溶液量的增加而增大 ,2 5ml时产生横径 (6 8± 0 3)cm、纵径 (5 3± 0 2 )cm的凝固范围。消融中持续灌注形成的凝固灶不规则 ,最大径为 (6 0± 0 7)cm。常规消融的病灶为类椭圆形 ,横、纵径分别为 (4 2± 0 2 )cm和 (3 8± 0 2 )cm。结论　射频消融术前和术中注入高渗氯化钠溶液可以增大消融范围。消融前团注产生的凝固灶较规则 ,可能在临床应用中更安全     

超声引导经皮冷循环微波消融治疗子宫肌瘤的初步探讨

目的探讨冷循环微波消融治疗子宫肌瘤的临床应用价值。方法应用超声引导经皮穿刺,将冷循环微波天线置入子宫肌瘤病灶内进行消融治疗,术后每3-6个月复查一次,以彩色多普勒超声或/和超声造影检查,并结合临床症状等综合判断和评价疗效。结果 58例手术均顺利完成。术后随访6个月至2年,58例中病灶内彩色血流信号消失55例（94.83%）,病灶边缘见少量点状彩色血流信号3例（5.17%）。其中,术后同时做超声造影21例,病灶内强化消失21例（100%）。子宫肌瘤瘤体缩小47例（81.03%）,无明显变化11例（18.97%）。临床症状：减轻49例（84.48%）,无变化9例（15.52%）,无加重病例。结论冷循环微波消融治疗子宫肌瘤,有微创、安全、有效及保全子宫的优点,是一种较有价值的治疗方法。     

子宫肌瘤射频消融范围影响因素分析

①目的 分析射频消融范围的影响因素,为射频消融治疗子宫肌瘤提供实验依据.②方法 按消融时间不同分为12分钟组、10分钟组、8分钟组和6分钟组,每组均消融5个肌瘤.应用伞径分别2.5cm和2.0cm的多电极射频针,分别对5个肌瘤进行消融.阻断一侧子宫血管后和阻断子宫双侧血运后均消融5个肌瘤.③结果对子宫肌瘤射频消融12分钟和10分钟,所得消融灶平均直径分别为（22.76±7.81）mm和（22.25±8.80）mm,两者之间差异无显著性（P＞0.05）;消融8分钟、6分钟的凝固性坏死灶直径分别为（18.43±3.75）mm和（16.81±4.92）mm,同10分钟组相比,均有显著性差异（P＜0.05）;应用伞径为2.5cm、2.0cm、1.5cm的射频消融针,对子宫肌瘤消融所得的消融灶平均直径分别是（31.30±8.92）mm、（27.41±4.8.16）mm、（22.25±8.80）mm.三者之间比较,结果 均有显著性差异（P＜0.05）;消融前不同程度阻断子宫肌瘤的血液循环,所得消融灶大小不同.④结论 射频消融治疗子宫肌瘤,其消融范围与消融时间、多电扳射频针伞径以及肌瘤本身血运有密切关系.消融时间以10分钟为宜,不同大小的肌瘤需选择伞径不同的多电极针,以达根治子宫肌瘤的目的.     

冷循环微波刀后肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝细胞癌

目的探讨原发性肝细胞癌冷循环微波刀后肝动脉化疗栓塞术的疗效及必要性。方法对165例原发性肝细胞癌患者冷循环微波刀后进行1次以上的TACE治疗。其中男154例,女11例,年龄在19～73岁,平均46岁。肿瘤长径≤3cm者84例,3.1～5.0cm者37例,〉5.0cm者44例。按肝功能Child-pugh分级,A级151例,B级14例。均经病理诊断为肝细胞癌。采用ECO2100冷循环微波刀（南京亿高微波系统工程有限司产品）治疗行冷循环微波刀,并随后常规行CT以评价冷循环微波刀的疗效,然后行TACE,术后1月行CT检查,以评价肿瘤消融情况,并观察生存率,以评价治疗效果。结果冷循环微波刀后完全缓解84例,基本缓解56例,部分缓解25例。冷循环微波刀＋TACE的近期效果为根治性122例、亚根治性13例和姑息性30例。肿瘤消融程度与近期疗效密切相关r=0.877,P〈0.001。肝癌冷循环微波刀＋TACE治疗后总体1,2,3年生存率为78.2%,65.3%,44.0%。结论 TACE对冷循环微波刀后残余的癌灶或微小转移病灶可起治疗作用;尤其对于大肝癌冷循环微波刀后联合TACE是安全有效及必要的。     

冷循环微波消融联合培美曲塞与顺铂方案治疗中晚期肺腺癌临床观察

目的探讨冷循环微波消融联合培美曲塞与顺铂方案治疗中晚期周围型肺腺癌的疗效和安全性。方法将2012年2月至2014年2月中晚期周围型肺腺癌患者84例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,实施不同治疗方案。观察组（n=42）采用CT引导经皮冷循环微波消融联合4周期培美曲塞、顺铂方案化疗;对照组（n=42）单纯采用培美曲塞、顺铂方案化疗,共4个周期。治疗结束后随访4~24个月,评价两组的疗效及毒副作用。结果与对照组比较,观察组近期客观有效率提高（54.8%vs 31.0%）,中位无进展生存期延长（14个月vs 8个月）,差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。除肝肾功能异常外,其他毒副反应及并发症发生率两组相近（P〉0.05）。结论经皮冷循环微波消融联合培美曲塞与顺铂方案化疗治疗中晚期肺腺癌安全有效,可明显延长患者无进展生存期。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.