动态心电图与冠脉造影诊断冠心病的价值分析

目的讨论动态心电图在冠心病诊断中的应用价值。方法对102例临床拟诊冠心病患者同时行DCG和冠状动脉造影术（CAG）检查,将结果进行对照分析。结果 DCG检出冠心病的敏感性为76.8%（53/69）,特异性为81.8%（27/33）,预测准确性为78.4%（80/102）,假阳性率18.2%（6/33）,假阴性率23.2%（16/69）。结论动态心电图实时监测是一种无创检测心肌缺血的方法,在冠心病心肌缺血的诊断、防治与预后评估中均具有重要的临床应用价值。     

腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI门控心肌显像诊断冠心病临床价值

[摘要] 目的 以冠状动脉造影（Coronary angiography, CAG）为“金标准”,探讨在腺苷负荷下99mTc-MIBI SPECT门控心肌血流灌注显像（Myocardial perfusion imaging, MPI）对冠心病(Coronary artery disease, CAD)的诊断效能。方法 43例怀疑CAD患者而进行CAG检查的患者,检查前均接受了腺苷99mTc-MIBI负荷门控MPI,观察患者心脏室壁血流灌注情况。与CAG检查结果相对照,比较腺苷负荷介入下MPI对CAD诊断的效能。结果 腺苷负荷MPI诊断CAD的灵敏度为84.6%,特异度为88.2%,准确性为86.0%,对左前降支、回旋支、右冠状动脉狭窄（≥50%）的检测灵敏度和特异度分别为 95.0%和82.6%,77.8%和88.2%,84.6%和70.0%。对单支、双支、3支冠脉病变诊断的灵敏度分别为71.4%,87.5%,100%。结论 腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI MPI对CAD的诊断准确率高,对诊断无法进行运动患者的冠脉血管病变具有重要临床价值。     

99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像与冠脉造影诊断冠心病的对比分析

目的探讨99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像(SPECT)诊断冠心病(CAD)的临床价值.方法 72例患者,同时进行99Tcm- MIBI心肌灌注断层显像(SPECT)和冠脉造影(CAG)检查,将结果进行对比分析.结果以CAG作对照,SPECT诊断冠心病的敏感性96.36%、特异性58.82%,准确性指数87.50%、阳性预测值88.33%、阴性预测值88.33%.结论 SPECT与CAG从不同的角度诊断CAD,符合率较高.在冠心病的诊断中,两者应互相结合,而不能替代.若CAG阳性则冠心病诊断肯定,CAG与SPECT均阴性,可以排除冠心病,CAG与SPECT结果不一致时,须结合临床小心做出诊断.     

基于深度学习的冠状动脉CTA自动后处理技术诊断冠心病的价值研究

目的 探讨一种基于深度学习（deep learning, DL）的冠状动脉CT血管成像（coronary computed tomography angiography, CCTA）人工智能（artificial intelligence, AI）辅助诊断系统诊断冠心病（coronary artery disease, CAD）的临床价值。 方法 回顾性分析4周内先后完成CCTA和侵入性冠状动脉血管造影（coronary angiography, CAG）检查的69例患者,共462个冠状动脉近端血管节段。比较AI辅助诊断技术和CCTA人工分析影像数据所用时间。分别在患者水平、血管节段水平评估AI和CCTA对CAD的诊断效能;在各血管节段水平对AI、CCTA诊断结果进行误差分析。 结果 AI耗时明显低于CCTA[（5.5±0.9） min vs (14.2±1.8） min]。在患者水平和总血管节段水平,AI识别显著狭窄（狭窄程度≥50%）的灵敏度分别为97.9%、79.6%,阴性预测值分别为90.9%、93.2%,准确性分别为82.6%、80.5%;CCTA识别显著狭窄的灵敏度分别为96.6%、85.9%,阴性预测值分别为81.8%、92.9%,准确性分别为94.2%、91.6%;CCTA识别显著狭窄的准确性较高,AUC分别为0.984（95%CI： 0.9591.000）、0.960（95%CI： 0.9420.977）,与CAG差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）;AI识别显著狭窄有一定准确性,AUC分别为0.864（95%CI： 0.7480.979）、0.823（95%CI： 0.7800.865）,与CAG差异有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。在各血管节段水平,AI检测显著狭窄的准确性分别为89.9%、78.3%、92.8%、69.6%、60.9%、88.4%、85.4%。对于钙化斑块、混合斑块、非钙化斑块、心肌桥及血管解剖异常,AI分别漏诊11、20、29、7、2段,误诊7、3、5、1、5段;CCTA分别漏诊2、5、6、2、2段,误诊9、3、4、4、2段。 结论 基于DL的CCTA自动后处理技术能高效完成CCTA数据分析,有较高的CAD诊断效能,具有成为临床诊断CAD辅助工具的潜力。而人机结合可能有望进一步提高CAD的诊断效能。     

冠状动脉CT成像技术在诊断不同程度冠状动脉狭窄中的敏感性和特异性分析

目的：评估320排冠状动脉CT成像（CT angiography,CTA）诊断冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（coronary artery disease,CAD）的价值。方法收集55例未确诊CAD的患者,在7 d内先后接受了320排冠状动脉CTA及冠状动脉造影（coronary angiography,CAG）的数据进行比较。结果55例患者4个主要冠状动脉包括左主干、左前降支、左回旋支及右冠状动脉共220支在检查中显影良好。CAG结果显示冠状动脉病变者94例,显示无病变者126例。冠状动脉CTA结果显示冠状动脉病变共94例,显示无病变者126例。冠状动脉CTA与CAG均发现病变者68例,均未发现冠脉病变者100例。冠状动脉CTA的敏感性和特异性分别为0.72、0.79。结论320排CT冠状动脉CTA是CAD患者无创检查诊断的重要手段,可为CAD患者诊断提供依据,虽然尚不能替代目前的金标准检查CAG,但由于CTA对于重度狭窄有高度特异性,因此对于那些拒绝CAG检查的患者（特别是存在严重狭窄的患者）是一个便捷的检查手段。     

ST—T改变与心肌缺血的相关性探讨

目的：比较心电图ＳＴ－Ｔ改变与单光子发射计算机断层显像（简称ＳＰＥＣＴ）诊断心肌缺血的结果，探讨ＳＴ－Ｔ改变与心肌缺血的相关性。方法：对８０例似诊冠心病者做常规心电图和ＳＰＥＣＴ核素心肌灌注显像检查，对比两种检查在定性定位方面的相关性。结果：常规心电图检查诊断心肌缺血的敏感性６２．８％、特异性５４．１％、准确性６１．４％，ＳＴ－Ｔ改变部位与ＳＰＥＣＴ所示心肌缺血部位一致率在前壁为６７．７％，下壁、     

冠状动脉造影与螺旋CT在冠心病诊断中的效果对照

目的:探讨MSCT在冠心病(CAD)诊断中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析拟诊冠心患者51例,分别进行冠脉CTA和CAG检查资料,以CAG为金标准,评估MSCT检测冠状动脉病变的准确性及优缺点。结果:CT冠脉成像发现69支冠状动脉狭窄,冠脉造影发现62支冠状动脉狭窄,两种方式均显狭窄53支,假阳性16支,假阴性9支,在诊断冠心病方面具有一致性。以CAG为金标准,MSCT诊断CAD的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为85.5%、90.6%、76.8%、94.5%。结论:MSCT对CAD诊断价值受冠状动脉病变的解剖部位、血管大小和狭窄程度的影响,对病变严重程度判定的准确性较差,阳性不能肯定冠心病,阴性不能排除冠心病。     

320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像与冠脉造影对冠心病诊断的对比分析

目的 比较320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像(CTA)与冠状动脉造影对冠心病诊断的价值.方法 回顾性分析102例接受CTA检查,又接受了冠脉造影(coronary angiography,CAG)检查的疑诊冠心病患者的资料,以CAG为“金标准”,评价CTA对冠心病(coronary artery disease,CAD)、冠脉不同节段病变诊断的一致性以及对冠脉狭窄程度诊断的差异.结果 CTA对冠心病诊断的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和Kappa系数分别为91.3％、98.5％、93.1％、98.0％和0.904.CTA对CAD、冠脉不同节段病变诊断的一致性较高,对冠脉狭窄程度诊断与CAG的差异无统计学意义.结论 对于临床疑诊冠心病、拟行外科大手术的患者以及CAD高危人群,如不愿接受创伤性的CAG检查,可考虑首选320排CT检查.     

心得安试验对女性冠心病诊断意义的探讨

目的 探讨心得安试验对女性冠心病（CAD）诊断的意义。方法 对28例心电图有ST-T改变拟诊为CAD的女性患者，将其冠状动脉造影（CAG）与心得安试验结果进行对比分析。结果 28例中，12例CAG阳性（诊断为CAD），其中心得安试验阴性11例，阳性1例；16例CAG阴性患者，其中心得安试验阳性14例，阴性2例，28例中，心得安试验阳性共15例，其中1例诊断为CAD，14例诊断为植物神经功能紊乱；心得安试验阴性13中，11例诊断为CAD，2例诊断为X综合征；心得安试验阴性对CAD诊断的敏感性为91.7%。结论 心得安试验是临床常用的协助诊断CAD的有效的无创性检查方法。     

SPECT联合冠状动脉造影在冠状动脉性心脏病诊治中的作用

目的:探讨99mTc-MIBI单光子发射计算机断层显像(single photon emission computed tomography,SPECT)联合冠状动脉造影(coronary angiography,CAG)对冠状动脉性心脏病(coronary artery disease,CAD)的诊疗价值。方法:2009年7月～2012年6月南京医科大学第二附属医院就诊的176例疑似CAD患者,行CAG或CAG联合SPECT检查。根据卫生部冠心病诊断标准并结合CAG和SPECT检查结果,选择性进行经皮冠状动脉成形术(percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty,PTCA)或冠状动脉旁路移植术(coronary artery bypass graft surgery,CABG)。术后1～3个月复查SPECT,对比SPECT和CAG检查结果,分析两者在术前诊断和术后随访中的作用和意义。结果:176例均接受CAG检查,其中113例同时完成SPECT检查。诊断为CAD138例,CAG诊断敏感性93.4%(129/138)、特异性97.4%(37/38)、准确性94.3%(166/176);SPECT敏感性85.2%(69/81)、特异性90.6%(29/32)、准确性86.7%(98/113);CAG联合SPECT检查(其中任一项异常即视为阳性)的敏感性100%(81/81)、特异性87.5%(28/32)、准确性96.5%(109/113)。65例(其中PTCA 63例,CABG 2例)在接受治疗后3个月内完成SPECT随访,其手术前后室壁收缩增厚率和左室射血分数变化率与胸痛症状改善相关。结论:CAG联合SPECT检查可以提高CAD诊断的敏感性和准确性;SPECT对于CAD术后随访具有直观、量化、可重复和便捷的优势,并可以反映临床症状的改善情况。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.