路易体痴呆及阿尔茨海默病患者海马氢质子磁共振波谱研究

目的研究路易体痴呆(dementia with Lewy bodies,DLB)及阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)患者双侧海马氢质子磁共振波谱(hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-MRS)代谢物水平变化特点,探索海马1H-MRS在区分DLB和AD中的意义。方法在3T场强条件下,对14例DLB、14例AD患者及15例正常对照(normal control,NC)双侧海马进行单体素1H-MRS采集,测定海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(N-acetylaspartate,NAA)、胆碱(choline,Cho)及肌醇(myo-inositol,mI)与肌酸(creatine,Cr)的比值。结果三组海马1H-MRS测量值比较,左、右侧海马NAA/Cr值差异均有统计学意义(F=5.347,P=0.009;F=5.302,P=0.009)。DLB组左侧海马NAA/Cr值(1.56±0.30)、AD组左侧海马NAA/Cr值(1.51±0.22)均低于NC组(1.84±0.35)(均P<0.05)。DLB组右侧海马NAA/Cr值(1.62±0.27)、AD组右侧海马NAA/Cr值(1.49±0.39)均低于NC组(1.90±0.37)(均P<0.05)。DLB组双侧海马NAA/Cr值略高于AD组,但差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。三组间双侧海马mI/Cr值、Cho/Cr值差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 DLB、AD患者双侧海马存在神经元功能障碍,其代谢物水平不能有效区分DLB和AD。     

轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病的边缘系统氢质子磁共振波谱特点

目的探讨海马和扣带回后部氢质子磁共振波谱(’H-MRS)改变在轻度认知障碍(MCI)和阿尔茨海默病(AD)早期诊断中的作用。方法应用’H-MRS技术检测15名健康老年人、15例MCI患者及15例AD患者脑内边缘系统的代谢物水平,对检测的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌酸复合物(Cr)和肌醇(mI)波谱数据进行比较分析。结果 AD组与健康对照组和MCI组相比,海马部位的mI/Cr均升高(均P0.05),NAA/mI降低(均P0.05);随病情进展,扣带回后部的mI/Cr呈递增趋势(P0.05),NAA/mI呈递减趋势(P0.05);AD组和MCI组扣带回后部的NAA/mI与健康对照组的差别程度大于海马部位(P=0.001,P=0.019)。结论扣带回后部的mI/Cr和NAA/mI有助于鉴别健康老人和AD患者;海马部位的NAA/mI有助于鉴别痴呆和非痴呆;MRS在诊断AD和MCI方面有一定辅助作用。     

难治性抑郁症患者海马代谢的磁共振质子波谱研究

目的 探讨难治性抑郁症患者双侧海马磁共振质子波谱(1H-MRS)的代谢特点.方法 运用1H-MRS成像系统检测16例难治性抑郁症患者(患者组)和16名健康对照者(对照组)双侧海马的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌醇(mI)及肌酸(Cr)4种代谢产物,分别计算双侧NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr及mI/Cr.采用配对t检验、独立样本t检验及偏相关分析进行统计处理.结果 对照组左侧海马NAA/Cr(1.43±0.19),明显高于右侧(1.21±0.10),P＜0.01.患者组双侧海马NAA/Cr的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),右侧海马NAA/Cr(1.44±0.31),明显高于对照组(1.21±0.10),P＜0.01.未发现患者组海马的任何代谢指标与病程及汉密尔顿抑郁量表(17项)评分的相关性(P＞0.05).结论 难治性抑郁症患者右侧海马代谢增强,双侧海马NAA/Cr不对称性消失.     

抑郁症首次发病患者海马磁共振质子波谱成像的研究

目的 探讨抑郁症首次发病患者海马的磁共振质子波谱(1H-MRS)代谢物质的变化.方法 对99例首次发病的抑郁症患者和26例健康对照组行磁共振常规扫描及1H-MRS检查,测量双侧海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)和肌酸(Cr)三种代谢物质,计算NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr比值.结果 抑郁症患者海马NAA/Cr左右侧比值(1.23±0.16;1.16±0.16)低于对照组NAA/Cr左右侧比值(1.38±0.23;1.31±0.26),差异有显著性(P<0.05);抑郁症患者海马体部Cho/Cr左右侧比值(1.19±0.14;1.18±0.12)高于对照组Cho/Cr左右侧比值(1.14±0.12;1.11±0.14),差异有显著性(P<0.05).对照组左右侧NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr比较差异无显著性(P>0.05).抑郁症组右侧NAA/Cr低于左侧,差异显著(P<0.05);左侧Cho/Cr高于右侧,差异不明显(P>0.05).结论 抑郁症患者可能存在双侧海马神经细胞代谢功能障碍,右侧神经细胞功能障碍较左侧明显.     

双相抑郁患者前额叶及海马磁共振质子波谱成像研究

目的探讨双相抑郁患者前额叶及海马磁共振质子波谱(proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-MRS)的代谢物变化特点,为其神经生物学研究提供线索。方法应用磁共振质子波谱成像技术检测26例双相抑郁患者(患者组)和26例单相抑郁患者及13例健康志愿者(对照组)双侧前额叶白质、前扣带回皮质、海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(N-Acetylaspartate,NAA)、胆碱(choline,Cho)、肌酸(creatine,Cr)3种代谢物,以Cr为参照物,分别计算双侧NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr比值。采用SPSS 13.0进行统计处理。结果患者组左侧前额叶白质NAA/Cr(1.65±0.31)低于对照组(2.37±0.36),左侧前额叶白质Cho/Cr(1.35±0.27)低于对照组(1.65±0.21),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);右侧前额叶白质NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组双侧前扣带回NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组与单相抑郁组的双侧额叶白质、双侧前扣带回皮质、双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值差异均无统计学意义。结论双相抑郁患者可能存在左侧前额叶神经元功能下降和膜磷脂代谢异常,其代谢物特点存在偏侧化。     

麻痹性痴呆患者磁共振波谱与认知障碍的相关研究

目的应用氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-MRS)技术,探索麻痹性痴呆(general paresis of the insane,GPI)患者海马区代谢物水平特点。方法纳入GPI患者52例,健康中老年对照(normal control,NC)38例进行双侧海马区1H-MRS检查,比较N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(N-acetylaspartate,NAA)/肌酸、胆碱/肌酸,NAA/胆碱,胆碱/NAA和肌醇/肌酸的水平;并同日进行简易精神状态检查(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知检查量表(Mo CA)量表评定,探索GPI患者海马区代谢物水平与病程严重程度的相关性。结果 GPI和NC两组比较:GPI组的双侧海马区NAA/Cr水平较NC组明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。不同痴呆程度的GPI患者比较:重度痴呆组左侧海马区NAA/Cr水平较轻度痴呆组明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。重度痴呆组右侧海马区的Cho/Cr和m I/Cr较轻度痴呆组升高(P0.05)。GPI组左侧海马区的NAA/Cr与MMSE、Mo CA呈正相关(P0.001)。结论 GPI患者均存在双侧海马区神经元损伤。且痴呆程度越重,左侧海马神经元损害越严重。     

氟西汀干预对大鼠抑郁模型海马代谢的影响

目的探讨氟西汀干预对大鼠抑郁模型的海马代谢的影响。方法 45只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(n=15)以及抑郁组(n=30)。抑郁组又被分为干预亚组(n=15)及未干预亚组(n=15)。采用慢性不可预知应激及孤养的方法建立抑郁模型。在制模成功后不干预亚组大鼠腹腔注射生理盐水2.0 ml/d,干预亚组大鼠腹腔注射盐酸氟西汀溶液5.0 mg/(kg·d);均持续4周。于干预前后对各组大鼠进行氢质子磁共振波谱分析检查,并进行比较。结果抑郁组大鼠双侧海马N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)/肌酸(Cr)及谷氨酸复合物(Glx)/Cr显著低于正常对照组,胆碱复合物(Cho)/Cr及肌醇(mI)/Cr显著高于正常对照组(P0.05~0.01)。干预亚组双侧海马的NAA/Cr及Glx/Cr显著高于未干预亚组双侧海马的Cho,ho/Cr及右侧海马的mI/Cr显著低于未干预亚组(P0.05~0.01)。与干预前比较,干预亚组干预后双侧海马NAA/Cr及Glx/Cr显著升高(均P0.05);未干预亚组双侧海马Cho/Cr及mI/Cr显著升高,NAA/Cr及Glx/Cr显著降低(均P0.05)。结论氟西汀能够改善海马神经细胞的谷氨酸循环及肌醇磷酸循环,恢复神经元及神经胶质细胞的功能。     

双相障碍Ⅱ型患者前额叶白质、豆状核磁共振波谱分析

目的 探讨双相障碍Ⅱ型患者前额叶白质、豆状核的氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)特征. 方法 以自2012年9月至2013年4月在中山大学附属第三医院住院的双相障碍Ⅱ型患者30例为患者组,同期20例健康志愿者为对照组,采用多体素磁共振波谱技术检测2组研究对象前额叶白质、豆状核的代谢物质含量,包括N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱化合物(Cho)、肌酸(Cr)、肌醇(mI),并计算NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、mI/Cr、NAA/Cho、NAA/(Cho+Cr)的比值. 结果 患者组右侧前额叶白质NAA、Cho、mI绝对含量及NAA/Cr比值和对照组相比明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);左侧前额叶白质NAA绝对含量及NAA/Cr、NAA/Cho、NAA/(Cho+Cr)比值与对照组相比明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);右侧豆状核NAA、Cho绝对含量和对照组相比明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 双相障碍Ⅱ型患者存在双侧前额叶白质纤维受损和神经胶质细胞功能异常,以及右侧豆状核神经元缺失或功能异常.     

轻度认知障碍和轻度Alzeimer病的磁共振波谱分析

目的探讨氢质子磁共振波谱（1H—MRs）在轻度认知障碍（MCI）、轻度Alzheimer病（AD）诊断与鉴别诊断中的作用。方法对20例MCI患者、20例AD患者、20例正常对照者行。H—MRS检查,采用点分辨自旋回波波谱序列（PRESS）,测定双侧内侧颞叶的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）、胆碱（Cho）和肌醇（mI）与肌酸（Cr）的比值,并比较各组闻NAA／Cr、mI／Cr、Cho／Cr比值的差别。结果轻度AD组及MCI组与正常对照组间双侧NAA／Cr有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,MCI组、轻度AD组、正常对照组三组间双侧mI／Cr有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,三组间Cho／Cr比值差异无统计学意义。结论1H—MRs能无创性提供MCI、AD患者脑部的代谢情况,NAA／Cr降低和mI／Cr升高有助于MCI、轻度AD的早期诊断。     

壳聚糖、磷脂酰胆碱对轻度认知功能障碍患者脑组织氢质子磁共振波谱成像的影响

目的观察壳聚糖、磷脂酰胆碱对轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者海马氢质子磁共振波谱成像(1H-MRSI)的影响。方法对15例MCI患者(MCI组)和15名正常老年人(正常对照组)进行海马1H-MRSI检查。给予MCI组患者壳聚糖、磷脂酰胆碱治疗2个月后对其进行复查,比较N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)/肌酸(Cr)、胆碱(Cho)/Cr、肌醇(mI)/Cr的比值。结果与正常对照组相比,MCI组服药前、后NAA/Cr比值显著降低,mI/Cr比值显著升高(均P<0.05),Cho/Cr的差异无统计学意义。MCI组治疗后的NAA/Cr比值较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),mI/Cr比值明显降低(P<0.05),Cho/Cr比值治疗前后的差异无统计学意义。结论1H-MRSI显示,壳聚糖和磷脂酰胆碱能改善脑组织的代谢,可能对MCI有一定的治疗作用。     

1H-MRS asymmetry changes in the anterior and posterior cingulate gyrus in patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is often the prodromal stage to AD. Most patients with aMCI harbor the pathologic changes of AD and demonstrate transition to AD at a rate of 10%–15% per year. Patients with AD and aMCI experience progressive brain metabolite changes. Accumulating evidence indicates that the asymmetry changes of left and right brain happen in the early stage of AD. However, the features of asymmetry changes in both anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) and posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG) are still unclear. Here, we examine the left–right asymmetry changes of metabolites in ACG and PCG. Fifteen cases of mild AD patients meeting criteria for probable AD of NINDS-ADRDA, thirteen cases of aMCI according to the Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Research Center criteria, and sixteen cases of age-matched normal controls (NC) received Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) for measurement of NAA/mI, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and mI/Cr ratios in the PCG and ACG bilaterally. We analyzed ¹H-MRS data by paired t-test to validate the left–right asymmetry of ¹H-MRS data in the PCG and ACG. In AD, there was a significant difference in mI/Cr between the left and right ACG (P < 0.001) and the left and right PCG (P = 0.007). In aMCI, there was a significant difference in mI/Cr between the left and right ACG (P < 0.001). In NC, there were no differences in the ratio value of metabolites NAA/mI, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and mI/Cr between the left and right ACG and PCG. Thus, the left–right asymmetry of mI/Cr in the ACG and PCG may be an important biological indicator of mild AD.     

MRI和磁共振波谱在肝性脑病的应用价值

目的探讨MRI和磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)在肝性脑病中的应用价值。方法对6例肝性脑病患者行MRI和1H-MRS检查,检测基底节MRS的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、肌酸(Cr)、胆碱(Cho)、谷氨酰胺复合物(Glx)、肌醇(mI)的峰值,计算Cho、mI、NAA与Cr的比值,并与5名正常对照者比较。结果 MRI检查显示,6例肝性脑病患者双侧基底节T1WI均出现高信号,其中1例累及内囊、2例累及尾状核、1例累及中脑被盖;5例患者T2WI未见明显异常信号,1例患者因并发弥漫性脑水肿T2WI出现广泛高信号影。1H-MRS显示,肝性脑病组双侧基底节Cho峰、mI峰、Cho/Cr和mI/Cr显著低于正常对照组,Glx峰显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01～0.005);两组NAA/Cr比较差异无统计学意义。结论 MRI显示双侧基底节T1WI高信号是肝性脑病特征性改变。1H-MRS能准确地反映其脑代谢物质水平的变化。     

Brain metabolite concentration and dementia severity in Alzheimer's disease: a (1)H MRS study

OBJECTIVE: (1)H-MRS studies have shown abnormalities in brain levels of myo-inositol (mI) and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in AD, but the relation of these abnormalities with dementia severity was not examined. The authors sought to determine whether altered brain levels of mI and other metabolites occur in mild AD and whether they change as dementia severity worsens. METHODS: The authors used (1)H-MRS with external standards to measure absolute brain concentrations of mI, NAA, total creatine (Cr), and choline (Cho)-containing compounds in 21 subjects with AD and 17 age- and sex-matched controls in occipital and left and right parietal regions. RESULTS: Concentrations of NAA were significantly decreased, whereas mI and Cr concentrations were significantly increased in all three brain regions in subjects with AD compared with controls. Higher concentrations of mI and Cr occurred even in mild AD. A discriminant analysis of the (1)H-MRS data combined with CSF volume measurements distinguished subjects with AD, ranging from mild to severe dementia, from controls with 100% correct classification. NAA concentration, though not other metabolites, was positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination score. CONCLUSION: The measurements with (1)H-MRS of absolute metabolite concentrations in the neocortex showed abnormal concentrations of brain metabolites in AD; these metabolite concentrations do not necessarily correlate with disease severity. Although changes in myo-inositol and creatine occur in the early stages of AD, abnormalities of N-acetyl aspartate do not occur in mild AD but progressively change with dementia severity. Further, subjects with mild AD can be differentiated from controls with (1)H-MRS.     

急性脑梗死后血管性认知障碍的磁共振波谱研究

目的应用质子磁共振波谱(1 H-MRS)技术,探讨急性脑梗死后血管性认知障碍(VCI)患者的颅内物质代谢变化与认知损害的关系。方法对86例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)及21名健康对照者(对照组)进行简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)和蒙特利尔认知评分量表(MoCA)评分,并计算其视空间及执行功能评分。根据认知评分结果,将脑梗死组分为脑梗死后认知功能正常组(NCI)、脑梗死后VCI非痴呆组(VCIND)、脑梗死后痴呆组。对脑梗死组及健康对照进行1 H-MRS检查,测定右额叶、左颞叶、左丘脑及顶枕叶交界处N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)/肌酸(Cr)、肌醇(mI)/Cr及胆碱复合物(Cho)/Cr比值,并分析脑梗死组物质代谢比值与认知评分(MoCA评分、视空间及执行功能)间的相关性。结果 (1)与对照组(左颞叶及左丘脑NAA/Cr 1.53±0.08、1.52±0.10)相比,VCIND组左颞叶及左丘脑NAA/Cr(1.46±0.07、1.47±0.07)降低(P=0.001、P=0.006);与VCIND组右额叶1.46±0.10比较,梗死后痴呆组右额叶、左颞叶及左丘脑NAA/Cr(1.38±0.14、1.39±0.06、1.42±0.09)降低(分别P<0.001、P<0.001、P=0.003)。对照组及NCI组间的各区域物质代谢比值无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。(2)所有脑梗死患者中,除右额叶Cho/Cr外,余各感兴趣区物质代谢比值与MoCA评分间均相关,其中以左颞叶、左丘脑NAA/Cr值与MoCA评分的相关性为著(分别r=0.566,P<0.001;r=0.485,P<0.001);除右额叶、丘脑及顶枕叶交界处Cho/Cr外,余各物质代谢比值与视空间及执行功能评分间相关,其中亦以左颞叶及左丘脑NAA/Cr值的相关性为著(分别NAA/Cr为r=0.591,P<0.001;r=0.491,P<0.001)。结论左丘脑及左颞叶代谢异常可能为VCI患者认知损害的早期关键环节之一,随着VCI病变进展可能整个皮质及皮质下环路区域都将出现代谢异常。     

Reproducibility of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in correlation with signal-to-noise ratio

An increased amount of myoinositol (mI) relative to creatine (Cr) by proton MR spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) measurement gives a useful aid for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous results of test-retest measurement of mI, however, have shown variability more than twice as large as for other metabolites. The aims of this study were to analyze test-retest variability of (1)H-MRS measurements in correlation with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Ten subjects clinically suspected of mild AD were examined twice (2-14 days apart) with (1)H-MRS measurements of voxels placed at anterior and posterior cingulate cortex. The percent differences between two measurements (%differences) of mI/Cr showed a significant linear trend to decrease as average SNR increased, but %differences of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/Cr and choline (Cho)/Cr did not. The average of %differences was 10.5, 15.0 and 20.8 for NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and mI/Cr, respectively, indicating a prominent deterioration of mI/Cr measurement reproducibility, which decreased to 6.96, 15.4 and 9.87, respectively, when the analysis was limited to measurements with SNR over 25. The results indicate that MRS measurements with high SNR should be used to obtain reliable assessments of mI/Cr as accurate diagnostic indicator of AD in clinical MR examinations.     

Evaluation of functional MRI markers in mild cognitive impairment

We aimed to investigate the use of advanced functional MRI (fMRI) techniques such as proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Multiple indicators were combined in order to improve the early diagnostic value of MRS and ADC. We administered MRS and DWI-ADC to 13 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 9 patients with MCI, and 13 control patients. Changes in N-acetylaspartate/creatine and phosphocreatine (NAA/Cr), myoinositol/creatine (mI/Cr), and the ADC values in the hippocampus and the temporoparietal region were compared among groups. The sensitivity and specificity of different markers were analyzed individually and combined with others. All participants were evaluated by the mini mental state examination (MMSE), and the correlation between NAA/Cr, MI/Cr, ADC and the score of MMSE were analyzed separately. The NAA/Cr, mI/Cr and ADC values in the hippocampus among AD, MCI patients, and controls were significantly different (p < 0.05). At a fixed specificity of 84.6%, the high sensitivity of 100% and 92.9% in differentiating AD and MCI from normal controls were obtained by combining the three indicators. The receiver operating characteristic plots illustrated that the area under the multimarker curve was the biggest among the all four curves, and the sensitivity of the multimarkers was highest. The best correlation was obtained between ADC and MMSE, rather than between NAA or mI and MMSE. Thus, we found that changes in NAA/Cr, mI/Cr and ADC in the hippocampus and the temporoparietal regions were helpful in the clinical diagnosis of MCI. Furthermore, these changes showed potential in predicting the progression of MCI to AD if the multimarkers were combined.     

慢性精神分裂症患者双侧海马质子磁共振波谱成像研究

目的 利用质子磁共振波谱(~1H-MRS)研究慢性精神分裂症患者双侧海马生化物质的变化.方法 选择武警广东总队医院神经外科自2007年1月至2009年6月收治的慢性精神分裂症患者25例做为患者组,门诊体检正常志愿者25例为对照组,利用~1H-MRS测量2组成员双侧海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA),胆碱复合物(Cho)和肌酸--磷酸肌酸复合物(Cr)含量,计算NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr的比值.结果 慢性精神分裂症患者双侧海马NAA/Cr的比值(左侧2.05±0.14,右侧1.98±0.17)低于正常对照组(左侧2.19±0.13,右侧2.17±0.14),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Cho/Cr比值(左侧1.30±0.12,右侧1.25±0.18)高于正常对照组(左侧1.04±0.15,右侧0.95±0.13),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 慢性精神分裂症患者双侧海马可能存在神经元的缺失或功能损伤,并且伴有膜磷脂代谢紊乱.     

The correlation between 1H-MR spectroscopy and clinical manifestation with tuberous sclerosis complex

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disease. Cortical tubers are one of the standard intracranial hallmarks of TSC, they comprise subependymal hamartomas protruding into the ventricles, cortical and white matter hamartomas, and giant cell tumors. The clinical course of TSC varies from asymptomatic to severe, with epileptic seizures and psychomotor retardation. We discuss here the correlation between clinical manifestation and features on 1H-MR spectroscopy ( 1H-MRS) of the white matter involving cortical tubers in patients with TSC. Statistical analysis of the N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho) and myoinositol (mI)/creatinine (Cr) ratios between tubers and normal controls showed decreased NAA/Cr and increased mI/Cr ratios (P<0.05) in tubers, but no significance difference in Cho/Cr. The significance of the clinical appearance is associated with a decreased ratio of NAA/Cr in tubers with TSC. An elevated ratio of mI/Cr in tuber does not parallel the severity of the clinical features of TSC. These findings suggest that 1H-MRS may be useful for the evaluation of the clinical severity and prognostic diagnosis of TSC.     

癫痫复杂部分性发作患者认知功能与海马质子磁共振波谱改变相关性分析

目的 探讨癫痫复杂部分性发作(CPS)患者认知功能损害的特点以及磁共振波谱(MRS)检查与认知功能的相关性.方法 对45例癫痫CPS患者和16例健康对照组进行临床记忆量表、瑞文标准推理测验的测评,~1H-MRS检测双侧海马,比较2组间2项测验分值及~1H-MRS结果,并对记忆商、智商与海马~1H-MRS结果进行相关性分析.结果 CPS组多项量表分值、记忆商、智商明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),CPS组N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)及NAA/[胆碱(Cho)+肌酸(Cr)]明显低于对照组,Cr、Cho明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).CPS组记忆商、智商与NAA浓度、NAA/(Cho+Cr)均呈正相关(P<0.05),与Cho浓度呈负相关(P<0.05),与Cr浓度无明显相关性(P>0.05).结论 CPS患者存在短时记忆功能障碍和抽象思维、判断推理能力的下降,其认知功能障碍与海马NAA、Cho浓度及NAA/(Cho+Cr)的相关性表明~1H-MRS检查可成为早期发现CPS患者认知功能情况的一项重要检查,其与神经心理学测验联合应用可早期、准确地发现CPS患者的认知功能障碍.     

Differences between attention-deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity: a 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) to investigate possible neurometabolic differences between the predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-I), the combined subtype (ADHD-C) and normal controls. Proton spectra were acquired bilaterally on the lenticular nucleus in 20 schoolboys having ADHD and 10 matched controls. The boys with ADHD were divided into ADHD-C subtype (n=10) and ADHD-I subtype (n=10) according to DSM-IV criteria. The peaks of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), Choline moieties (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), creatine (Cr) and alpha-Glx were measured and their ratios to Cr were calculated. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni tests were used to detect the difference of the peak-area ratios of NAA, Cho, mI, and alpha-Glx to Cr among the three groups. There was a significant overall group difference in the NAA/Cr ratio both in the right and left lenticular nucleus (right: P=0.002; left: P=0.003). Only the ADHD-C subtype group showed a significant difference with controls (right: P=0.001; left: P=0.003) the right lenticular nucleus, the NAA/Cr ratio in the ADHD-C group was significantly lower than that in the ADHD-I group (P=0.012). In the left lenticular nucleus, the NAA/Cr ratio in the ADHD-C group showed a significant trend compared to the ADHD-I group (P=0.06). This study demonstrated the existence of measurable difference between children with ADHD-C and ADHD-I using (1)H-MRS.