术前用惠若舒治疗食管癌患者化疗后白细胞减少症及手术的临床随机对比研究

目的　观察惠若舒对化疗后有白细胞减少但仍有手术指征的食管癌患者实施手术治疗及术后并发症影响。方法　将 3 7例化疗后食管癌患者 (外周血WBC <4.0× 10 9/L)随机地分为A、B两组 :A组 (惠若舒组 ,共 10例 )患者化疗后 1周立即给予惠若舒肌注 ( 5 0 μg/d× 14d) ,B组 (鲨肝醇组 ,共 2 7例 )患者则立即给予鲨肝醇口服 ( 0 .1tid× 14d) ,每隔 3天查 1次患者外周血WBC ;14d后A、B两组患者均接受手术治疗 (均为左6肋间开胸 ,食管癌切除加胃—食管左胸顶器械吻合术 ) ,并观察A、B两组患者吻合口瘘、脓胸和切口感染等并发症的发生率及术后平均住院日。结果　A、B两组患者在用药后外周血WBC平均升高数 (A :( 3 .2± 0 .2 )× 10 9/L ,B :( 1.5± 0 .1)× 10 9/L ;P <0 .0 1)、外周血白细胞上升至 4.0× 10 9/L所需要的时间 (A :7± 1.1d ,B :14± 2 .3d ;P <0 .0 1)及平均住院日 (A :7± 1.5d ,B :11± 2 .8d ;P=0 .0 0 0 1) ,差异有显著性 ,而术后总并发症 (含 :吻合口瘘、脓胸及切口感染等 )发生率 (A :0 .0 0 %,B :14 .81%;P =0 .5 5 71)和治愈率 (A :10 0 .0 %,B :92 .6;P =0 .99)方面差异均无显著性 (可能均与样本数较少有关 )。结论　一部分化疗后白细胞减少而又能接受手术切除的患者 ,使用惠若舒治?     

心肌梗死患者白细胞增多临床意义的探讨

目的 :探讨白细胞计数与急性心肌梗死 (AMI)的关系。方法 :测定 4 3例AMI患者白细胞计数及中性粒细胞数 ,并与 4 3例健康对照组作比较。结果 :AMI组白细胞计数明显高于对照组〔(9 77± 8 4 1 )× 1 0 9/L比 (7 1 8± 5 2 7)× 1 0 9/L ,P <0 0 1〕 ;AMI组的中性粒细胞数也明显高于对照组〔(6 2 4± 2 4 5 )× 1 0 9/L比 (3 81± 1 36 )× 1 0 9/L ,P <0 0 1〕。结论 :白细胞增多与AMI关系密切。动态观察白细胞的变化 ,可能成为AMI患者病情监测及预后判断的辅助指标     

急性心肌梗塞患者外周血白细胞计数与近期预后的关系

目的　说明白细胞参与阻塞血管及产生自由基的病理机制以利于更好地有重点地观察高危患者 ,降低心梗死亡率。方法　对 80例AMI患者入院后 4 8h近期内的外周血WBC计数进行检测。结果　WBC计数 >10 .0× 10 9/L患者的死亡率 ( 2 3.0 8% )与WBC计数 <10 0× 10 9/L患者的近期死亡率 ( 4 .88% )比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　大量白细胞导致Ca2 超负荷 ,加速心肌死亡 ,因此在急性心梗早期应设法降低白细胞数量及功能     

高砷水地区人群末梢血象分析

目的 :探讨饮用高砷水对人体末梢血象的影响。方法 :采用日本产 F- 82 0自动血球计数仪测定红细胞(RBC)、白细胞 (WBC)、血小板 (PL T)数及血红蛋白 (Hb)含量。结果 :水砷暴露组男性 RBC4.74× 10 1 2 /L ,WBC5 .75×10 9/L,PL T149.6× 10 9/L,Hb133.9g/L;女性 RBC4.2 2× 10 1 2 /L,WBC5 .5 7× 10 9/L,PL T141.4× 10 9/L,Hb12 4.2 g/L。对照组男性 RBC5 .10× 10 1 2 /L,WBC6 .5 0× 10 9/L,PL T187.0× 10 9/L,Hb15 8.6 g/L;女性 RBC4.5 6× 10 1 2 /L,WBC6 .10×10 9/L ,PL T191.6× 10 9/L ,Hb135 .4g/L。暴露组均低于对照组 ,差异具有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :饮用高砷水可引起红细胞、白细胞、血小板及血红蛋白含量下降     

大剂量丙种免疫球蛋白治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜效果观察

目的 :探讨大剂量丙种免疫球蛋白 ( HDIVIg)治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜 ( ITP)的临床疗效。方法 :将 ITP病人 2 9例随机分为 3组 :A组 ( 12例 )单纯 HDIVIg治疗 ,B组 ( 7例 )使用 HDIVIg加强的松治疗 ,对照组 ( 10例 )使用强的松治疗。结果 :总有效率 A、B两组分别为 91.7%和 10 0 % ,与对照组总有效率 5 0 %相比 ,差异均有显著性 ( P<0 .0 5 ) ;血小板计数对照组为 ( 5 2 .8± 3 5 .1)× 10 9/L,低于 A组 ( 76.9± 42 .6)× 10 9/L( P<0 .0 5 ) ,也低于 B组 ( 118.0± 78.75 )× 10 9/L ( P<0 .0 1) ;A、B两组间相比 ,后者高于前者 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :HDIVIg治疗 ITP疗效优于强的松治疗 ,HDIVIg加强的松联合治疗 ITP对疗效的保持与巩固优于 HDIVIg组 ,是一种较佳的治疗方案     

不同性别之间急性心肌梗死的临床特点分析

目的 :探讨不同性别之间急性心肌梗死 ( AMI)的临床特点。方法 :将 2 0 3例AMI患者按性别分为两组 :男性组 1 43例 ,女性组 60例 ,回顾性分析两组在年龄、心功能、白细胞计数 ( WBC)、心肌酶谱和血脂的差别。结果 :1男性组较女性组天门冬酸氨基转氨酶( AST)和肌酸激酶 ( CK)高 ,分别为 1 5 8.9± 1 45 .9U/L和 95 5 .5± 863.7U/L;83.9± 68.9U/L和 441 .8± 482 .2 U/L。两组比较有高度显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ;2女性组较男性组发病平均年龄晚 1 0年 ( 73.4± 8.3vs62 .8± 1 2 .5岁 ) ,心功能差 ( 2 .2± 0 .8vs1 .8± 0 .8级 )、WBC增加 ( 1 0 .8± 4.5 vs8.9± 3.7× 1 0 9/L)、血脂紊乱明显。结论 :与男性相比 ,女性AMI患者一般年龄大 ,心功能差 ,WBC增加和血脂紊乱明显 ;而男性组较女性组心肌酶谱增高明显。     

低氧照射腹盆部对肿瘤病人骨髓及免疫功能的影响

①目的　探讨低氧放疗对肿瘤病人骨髓及细胞免疫功能的保护作用。②方法　将 14 6例腹盆部恶性肿瘤病人分为两组。低氧放疗组 (A组 ) 70例 ,常规放疗组 (B组 ) 76例作为对照。A组病人在放疗的同时吸入体积分数为 0 .10 5的低氧气体 ,B组病人仅常规放疗。③结果　A组WBC平均下降 (1.38± 1.2 9)× 10 9/L ,B组下降(2 .87± 1.30 )× 10 9/L ,两组比较差异有显著性 (t=2 .315 ,P <0 .0 5 )。E花环试验的变化 :A组平均上升 6 .0 0 %±2 .39% (t=2 .2 71,P <0 .0 5 ) ,B组平均下降 3.97%± 1.88% (t=1.997,P <0 .0 5 ) ;淋巴细胞转化率的变化 :A组平均上升 3.78%± 1.83% ,B组平均下降 4 .4 7%± 1.73% (t=2 .2 71,P <0 .0 5 ) ,A与B组上述两项免疫指标治疗前后差值比较 ,差异非常显著 (t=3.316 ,3.2 16 ,P <0 .0 5 )。④结论　与常规放疗相比 ,低氧放疗可保护腹盆部肿瘤病人的骨髓和细胞免疫功能。     

血小板计数异常与疾病关系的探讨

目的　探讨血小板计数 (PC)在炎性疾病中的消长规律以及与预后的关系。方法　回顾性调查自 2 0 0 1年 6月至 2 0 0 2年 12月入住江西省儿童医院PICU的 78例测定二次以上的血小板计数异常儿 ,把PC <10 0× 10 9/L归入PC减少组 ,PC >35 0× 10 9/L归入PC增高组 ,调查其原发病 ,了解PC异常与病程以及预后的关系 ,观察PC与WBC、RBC三者之间的关系。结果　 78例中 6 5例为PC升高组 ,最高为 2 0 0 0× 10 9/L ,13例为PC减少组 ,最低为 2 0× 10 9/L ,二组各死亡 2例 ,死亡率分别为 3.0 7%和 30 .76 % ,有非常显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。PC升高组的死亡儿均死于不可逆的原发病 ,似于PC升高的炎性反应无关 ;PC减少组均死于多器官功能障碍 (MODS) ,2例在短时间内下降 >5 0 % ,而存活儿的PC均升至 10 0× 10 9/L以上。未见PC、WBC和RBC三者之间的消长规律。结论　PC升高提示炎性反应 ,在危重儿中PC常降低 ,猜测下降的原因主要是因为DIC时消耗增加以及在内脏器官中扣押 ,其下降的程度和速度以及再次升高的快慢与预后有关 ,PC易监测、价廉 ,可作为监测危重儿疾病趋势和预后的指标     

原发性高血压病人白细胞计数分析

为探讨原发性高血压病人与自身血循环中白细胞计数的关系 ,设原发性高血压组和正常对照组 ,均采静脉血进行白细胞计数分析。原发性高血压组白细胞计数 (6 .84± 1.38)× 10 9/L与对照组 (4.70± 1.6 5 )× 10 9/L ,有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。提示原发性高血压病人血循环中白细胞计数较正常人偏高。     

里亚尔预防肿瘤化疗所致白细胞减少的临床研究

目的　评价国产基因重组人粒细胞 /巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 (rhGM CSF ,里亚尔 )防治实体瘤化疗所致白细胞(WBC)和中性粒细胞 (ANC)减少的临床效果及不良反应。方法　 5 0例恶性肿瘤患者随机分入AB和BA两组。A为研究周期 ,即化疗结束 4 8h开始 ,rhGM CSF(里亚尔 ) 15 0 μg、SCqd× 3～ 10d ;B为空白对照周期。自化疗开始隔日查血常规 1次 ,观察WBC及ANC的变化。结果　研究周期于rhGM CSF注射 2 4h后 ,WBC及ANC绝对值迅速上升 ,4 8～ 72h出现第 1高峰 ,第 8～ 10天出现第 2高峰。而对照周期化疗后WBC和ANC绝对值逐渐下降 ,始终低于治疗周期。WBC和ANC的最低值 (WBC <4 .0×10 9/L及ANC <2 .0× 10 9/L)的持续时间及化疗后第 2 8天WBC <4 .0× 10 9/L的病例数在研究周期和对照周期间差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,感染发生率和严重程度亦明显降低。乏力、骨痛和流涕发生率分别为 2 6 %、2 2 %和 16 %。发热、局部反应、皮疹和消化道反应少见。结论　里亚尔是一种有价值的化疗辅助药物。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.