粪便microRNAs检测用于胰腺癌筛查诊断的价值评价

目的 检测胰腺癌患者粪便microRNAs,评价其诊断价值.方法 收集29例胰腺癌患者、22例慢性胰腺炎(CP)患者以及13例健康志愿者的粪便标本,抽提粪便总RNA,应用实时定量PCR法检测各组样本miR-21、miR-155、miR-181a、miR-181b、miR-196a、miR-210的表达量,以miR-16作为内参基因.应用接受者操作特征(ROC)曲线(AUC)评估microRNAs对胰腺癌的诊断价值.结果 粪便总RNA抽提及microRNAs检测方法具有稳定及可重复性.胰腺癌组miR-181b、miR-196a、miR-210的表达量分别为2.22±0.64、2.78±0.14、5.55±0.38;CP组为1.42±0.39、3.88±0.85、5.39±0.69;对照组为0.32±0.40、1.14±0.98、4.23±0.99.胰腺癌组和CP组均较对照组显著增加(P值均＜0.05);而胰腺癌组与CP组间无显著差异.胰腺癌组对对照组的miR-181b AUC为0.745(95%CI 0.597～0.894),诊断胰腺癌的敏感性和特异性分别为84.6%和51.7%;miR-210的AUC为0.772(95%CI 0.629～0.914),对胰腺癌的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为84.6%和65.5%.两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).miR-196a对胰腺癌无诊断意义,但胰腺癌患者粪便miR-196a的表达与肿瘤直径相关(r=0.516,P=0.041).结论 粪便RNA的抽提和microRNAs检测为无创性,且具有可重复性.miR-181b和miR-210在胰腺癌患者粪便中的表达增高,有可能是胰腺癌潜在的分子标志物.     

凋亡抑制蛋白XIAP在胰腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 通过检测XIAP在胰腺癌中的表达,探讨其对胰腺癌发生、发展的可能作用及临床意义.方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测10例正常胰腺组织、14例胰腺良性病变和42例胰腺癌组织中XIAP的表达,并分析其与胰腺癌临床病理参数的关系.结果 XIAP在正常胰腺组织、胰腺良性病变及胰腺癌中均有表达.正常胰腺组织中,高表达占20%,良性病变中占21.4%,而胰腺癌中,高表达占59.5%,较前二者均有显著性差异(P ＜ 0.05).42例胰腺癌组织中,XIAP表达强度与性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、分化程度、临床分期及淋巴结转移均无显著相关.结论 XIAP在正常胰腺组织、胰腺的良性病变及胰腺癌中均有表达,但在胰腺癌中呈高表达,表明XIAP在胰腺癌的发生中起到一定作用;XIAP的表达与胰腺癌各项临床病理参数无相关性.     

EBUS-TBNA标本检测6种miRNA对非小细胞肺癌诊断和分型的意义

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者在超声引导下经支气管针吸活检(EBUS-TBNA)获取标本检测6种微小RNA (miRNA)的临床意义.方法 收集2014年10月至2016年1月在佛山市顺德区第一人民医院住院的NSCLC患者32例,同期收集肺部良性病变患者20例作为对照组,获取EBUS-TBNA标本,用实时定量PCR方法检测miRNA-21、miRNA-126、miRNA-155、miRNA-200c、miRNA-205和miRNA-375的表达水平,并评价其临床意义.结果 NSCLC组EBUS-TBNA标本中miRNA-21、miRNA-155、miRNA-205和miRNA-375的相对表达量显著高于对照组(t值分别为6.69、2.71、7.98、8.86,P值均＜0.01);NSCLC组EBUS-TBNA标本中miRNA-126、miRNA-200c的相对表达量显著低于对照组(t值分别为10.37、13.04,P值均＜0.01).miRNA-21和miRNA-155在腺癌的表达水平显著高于鳞癌(t值分别为5.054、3.289,P＜0.01或P＜0.05);miRNA-205在鳞癌的表达水平显著高于腺癌(t=0.780,P＜0.01).作ROC曲线,miRNA-21取1.96为诊断腺癌的临界值时,其敏感度和特异度分别为65.00％和100.00％;miRNA-155取1.05为诊断腺癌的临界值时,其敏感度和特异度分别为80.00％和75.00％;miRNA-205取2.31为诊断鳞癌的临界值时,其敏感度和特异度为91.67％和100.00％.结论 检测EBUS-TBNA标本中6种miRNA对NSCLC的诊断有价值,miRNA-21、miRNA-155和miRNA-205可能还具有鉴别肺鳞腺癌的作用.     

脑源性神经营养因子在胰腺导管腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）在胰腺导管腺癌中的表达及其临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测46例胰腺导管腺癌、38例胰腺良性疾病及20例正常胰腺组织中的BDNF表达,应用蛋白质印迹法和RT-PCR法检测BDNF蛋白及mRNA表达量,并分析BDNF表达与胰腺导管腺癌临床病理参数的相关性.结果 胰腺导管腺癌组织中BDNF阳性表达率为52.2％ （24/46）,胰腺良性疾病组织为7.8％ （3/38）,而正常胰腺组织未见BDNF阳性表达.正常胰腺、胰腺良性疾病、胰腺癌组织中BDNF蛋白表达量分别为0.38±0.01、0.56±0.01、0.97±0.01,mRNA表达量分别为0.85±0.14、1.67±0.21、3.45±0.67,胰腺癌和胰腺良性疾病的表达量均显著高于正常胰腺,胰腺癌又显著高于胰腺良性疾病,差异均具有统计学意义（P值均＜0.01）.BDNF阳性表达与胰腺导管腺癌的神经浸润、淋巴结转移存在相关性（P值均＜0.05）,而与患者性别、年龄及肿瘤大小、部位、分化程度等无相关性.结论 BDNF参与胰腺癌的发生、发展,并可能与胰腺癌患者预后有关.     

载脂蛋白E和补体C4b1在人胰腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 检测载脂蛋白E(ApoE)和补体C4b1在人胰腺癌组织中的表达,探讨其意义.方法 应用免疫组化法检测38例胰腺癌和相应癌旁正常胰腺组织ApoE、C4b1蛋白表达;应用RT-PCR法检测20例胰腺癌和相应癌旁正常胰腺组织ApoE、C4b1 mRNA表达.分析ApoE、C4b1的表达与胰腺癌生物特征的相关性.结果 胰腺癌组织ApoE、C4b1蛋白表达阳性率分别为86.8%(33/38)和76.3%(29/38),显著高于癌旁正常胰腺组织的42.1%(16/38)和26.3%(10/38)(P值均＜0.01);有淋巴结转移的胰腺癌组织ApoE、C4b1蛋白表达阳性率分别为78.3%(18/23)和73.9%(17/23),明显高于无转移者的33.3%(5/15)和40.0%(6/15)(P值均＜0.05).胰腺癌ApoE、C4b1 mRNA表达量分别为4.83±0.65、7.94±0.95,明显高于癌旁正常胰腺组织的1.78±0.74、1.22±0.57(P值均＜0.01);有淋巴结转移的胰腺癌组织ApoE、C4b1 mRNA的表达量为5.05±0.71、8.24±1.07,显著高于无转移者的4.42±0.25、7.39±0.15(P值均＜0.05).结论 ApoE、C4b1在胰腺癌组织中高表达,并与胰腺癌淋巴结转移相关.     

D-氨基半乳糖联合脂多糖诱导急性肝功能衰竭小鼠血清微小核糖核酸的表达

目的 探讨D氨基半乳糖联合脂多糖诱导急性肝功能衰竭小鼠血清微小核糖核酸(miRNA)的表达变化以及与肝组织miRNA的相关性.方法 Balb/C清洁级小鼠40只分为两组,模型组32只,对照组8只.模型组应用D-氨基半乳糖联合脂多糖诱导Balb/C小鼠急性肝功能衰竭,对照组腹腔注射0.9％氯化钠溶液1 mL.模型组给药后0、3、5和7h分别处死小鼠各8只,采集血清及肝组织,观察小鼠给药后肝功能生物化学指标及肝组织病理学变化.抽提血清及肝组织miRNA,取0、5和7h肝组织进行锁核酸(LNA)-miRNA微阵列分析,并用实时定量反转录PCR检测miRNA.组间均数比较用单因素方差分析,相关性分析采用Pearson和Spearman相关分析.结果 随着小鼠急性肝功能衰竭的发生,肝组织miRNA的表达发生显著变化,共有21个miRNA明显上调,27个miRNA明显下调,其中miRNA-122和miRNA-1187表达下调,miRNA-146a、miRNA-155表达上调.经PCR验证发现小鼠肝组织miRNA 122和miRNA-1187表达逐渐下调,血清miRNA-122和miRNA-1187的表达则逐渐上调;炎性相关的miRNA 146a和miRNA-155在肝组织和血清中表达均明显增加.小鼠miRNA-122和miRNA-1187在组织与血清中的表达呈负相关(r值分别=-0.477和-0.420,P值分别=0.0089和0.0231),而miRNA-155在组织与血清中表达呈正相关(r=0.678,P=0.0001).小鼠血清miRNA 122(r值分别=0.571和0.554)、miRNA-1187(r值分别=0.471和0.542)的相对表达量与ALT和AST水平均呈正相关(均P＜0.05).血清miRNA 122和miRNA-1187在给药5h上升显著,早于血清转氨酶的变化.结论急性肝功能衰竭小鼠肝组织和血清miRNA-122和miRNA-1187的表达呈负相关,血清中miRNA-122、miRNA-1187的变化早于血清转氨酶的变化,有可能成为早期预测肝损伤的血清标志物.     

癌组织中miRNA表达谱的变化与NSCLC放疗敏感性的关系

目的观察非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者癌组织中微型核糖核酸（miRNA）表达谱的变化,并探讨其与NSCLC放疗敏感性的关系。方法将30例NSCLC患者根据总体生存率和远端转移情况分为放疗敏感组和不敏感组,采用miRNA表达谱芯片检测癌组织中的miRNA表达谱。结果与放疗不敏感组相比,放疗敏感组中有5个miRNA（miR-126、miR-let-7a、miR-495、miR-451、miR-128b）表达显著上调（P均〈0.01）,7个miRNA（miRNA-130a、miRNA-106b、miRNA-19b、miRNA-22、miRNA-15b、miRNA-17-5p、miRNA-21）表达显著下调（P均〈0.01）。结论放疗敏感和不敏感NSCLC患者癌组织miRNA表达谱有差异,这种差异可能与NSCLC的放疗敏感性有关。     

肝细胞癌中microRNA-888基因家族的表达特征及临床意义

目的初步探讨microRNA-888(miRNA-888)基因家族成员在肝细胞癌中的表达特征及其意义。方法选取湖南中医药大学第一附属医院在2012年1月-2017年12月病理确诊为肝细胞癌的患者72例,另收集72例健康自愿者的肝组织作为正常对照组。运用实时定量PCR和原位杂交分析肝癌组织中miRNA-888家族中miRNA-888、miRNA-891a、miRNA-891b、miRNA-892a和miRNA-892b的表达情况,初步探讨miRNA-888、miRNA-891b和miRNA-892a的表达与肝癌临床病理特征的关系。计量资料2组间比较采用t检验;计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。结果 miRNA-888、miRNA-891b、miRNA-892a在肝癌组织中的表达明显高于正常肝组织(2. 53±0. 75 vs 0. 46±0. 08,t=14. 02,P 0. 001; 2. 26±0. 38 vs 1. 19±0. 21,t=7. 75,P 0. 001; 5. 44±1. 01 vs 1. 06±0. 30,t=35. 27,P 0. 001);原位杂交分析进一步验证了miRNA-888、miRNA-891b和miRNA-892a 3种miRNAs主要表达定位于肝癌组织中的细胞核,与正常肝组织表达水平比较差异均有统计学意义(3. 91±0. 92 vs 1. 21±0. 42,t=22. 65,P 0. 001; 2. 92±0. 76 vs 0. 83±0. 21,t=22. 92,P 0. 001; 3. 81±0. 99 vs 1. 30±0. 32,t=20. 47,P 0. 001)。miRNA-888和miRNA-891b高表达在组织学分级和临床分期的比较中差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为6. 25、4. 44、4. 76、6. 05,P值均0. 05),而miRNA-892a高表达在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肿瘤中表达更明显(χ2=8. 50,P 0. 001)。结论 miRNA-888、miRNA-891b及miRNA-892a在肝癌组织中表达明显增加; miRNA-888,miRNA-891b和miRNA-892a表达升高与肝癌恶性程度更高密切相关。     

凋亡抑制蛋白XIAP在胰腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 通过检测XIAP在胰腺癌中的表达，探讨其对胰腺癌发生、发展的可能作用及临床意义。方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测10例正常胰腺组织、14例胰腺良性病变和42例胰腺癌组织中XIAP的表达，并分析其与胰腺癌临床病理参数的关系。结果 XIAP在正常胰腺组织、胰腺良性病变及胰腺癌中均有表达。正常胰腺组织中，高表达占20％，良性病变中占21．4％，而胰腺癌中，高表达占59．5％，较前二者均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。42例胰腺癌组织中，XIAP表达强度与性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、分化程度、临床分期及淋巴结转移均无显著相关。结论 XIAP在正常胰腺组织，胰腺的良性病变及胰腺癌中均有表达，但在胰腺癌中呈高表达，表明XIAP在胰腺癌的发生中起到一定作用；XIAP的表达与胰腺癌各项临床病理参数无相关性。     

胰腺细针穿刺活检组织K-ras突变检测的诊断价值

目的 检测内镜超声引导下细针穿刺穿刺物中K-ras基因的突变,探讨其对胰腺癌早期诊断的价值.方法 收集27例胰腺癌、9例其他恶性肿瘤及14例良性胰腺占位患者的细针穿刺物,应用肽核酸(PNA)钳制PCR法检测K-ras突变.结果 胰腺癌患者K-ras突变阳性率为88.9%,其他恶性肿瘤为44.4%,良性胰腺占位为35.7%,胰腺癌与其他两种病变差异显著(P=0.013,P=0.001).胰腺癌与其他恶性肿瘤比较,K-ras基因突变的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测率、阴性预测率、准确率分别为88.9%、55.6%、85.7%、62.5%、80.6%,差异显著(P=0.013);与良性胰腺占位病变比较,分别为88.9%、64.3%、82.8%、75.0%、80.5%,差异亦显著(P=0.001).联合穿刺物细胞学检查和K-ras基因突变检测,胰腺癌的阳性率高达96.3%.结论 胰腺组织穿刺物的K-ras基因突变检测可提高胰腺癌诊断的阳性率.     

痰液MicroRNAs检测在非小细胞肺癌诊断中的应用价值

目的检测肺癌患者痰中miRNA-21、miRNA-155、miRNA-137及let-7a的表达,探讨其在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法选取非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者24例。肺良性疾病(OPD)患者24例。11例健康志愿者为对照。Real-time PCR检测痰中miRNA表达。结果 NSCLC患者痰中miRNA-21、miRNA-155表达均显著高于OPD患者及健康对照者,P均<0.01。NSCLC患者let-7a表达均显著低于OPD患者和健康对照者,P均<0.001。三组患者痰中miRNA-137表达无统计学差异,P均>0.05。miRNA-21、miRNA-155及let-7a从OPD中诊断NSCLC的ROC曲线下面积依次为0.863、0.840和0.887,P均<0.01。结论痰miRNAs可能成为肺癌诊断的一种新指标。     

胰腺癌患者血浆miR-155检测及其诊断价值

目的 检测胰腺癌患者血浆miR-155表达量,评价其对胰腺癌的诊断价值.方法 收集62例胰腺癌、61例慢性胰腺炎(CP)及36例正常对照者的血标本,抽提血浆RNA,应用实时PCR检测miR-155表达量,并分析其与胰腺癌临床参数的关系.应用接受者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)评价血浆miR-155表达量对胰腺癌的诊断价值.结果 胰腺癌、CP和正常对照组的血浆miR-155表达量分别为5.41±3.14、2.59±2.49和0.77±1.17,胰腺癌血浆miR-155表达量显著高于CP及正常对照组(P＜0.01).胰腺癌血浆miR-155表达量与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小等均无显著相关性,而与肿瘤TNM分期呈显著负相关(r=-0.323,P=0.01).经ROC分析,胰腺癌对正常对照组的AUC为0.943(95%CI0.902～0.985),敏感性和特异性分别为87.1%和83.3%;胰腺癌对CP的AUC为0.762(95%CI0.678～0.846),敏感性和特异性分别为64.5%和73.8%;胰腺癌对正常对照组+CP组的AUC为0.829(95%CI0.767～0.892),敏感性和特异性分别为62.9%和84.5%.结论 胰腺癌患者血浆miR-155表达量显著升高,对胰腺癌的诊断可能有一定的应用价值.     

High Expression of MicroRNA-196a Indicates Poor Prognosis in Resected Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor

There is limited data on miRNA expression in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). In this study, we aimed to identify miRNAs that could be potential prognostic biomarkers of PanNETs in patients who underwent curative surgery.For miRNA target screening, 2 primary PanNETs and corresponding liver metastases were screened for miRNA expression by the NanoString nCounter analysis. Candidate miRNAs were selected by ≥2-fold difference of expression between metastatic versus primary tumor. For miRNA target validation, quantitative real-time PCR was performed for candidate miRNAs on 37 PanNETs and matched nonneoplastic pancreata, and the miRNA levels were correlated with the clinicopathological features and patient survival data.Eight miRNAs (miRNA-27b, -122, -142–5p, -196a, -223, -590–5p, -630, and -944) were selected as candidate miRNAs. Only miR-196a level was significantly associated with stage, and mitotic count. When PanNETs were stratified into high (n = 10) and low (n = 27) miRNA-196a expression groups, miRNA-196a-high PanNETs were significantly associated with advanced pathologic T stage (50.0% vs 7.4%), N stage (50.0% vs 3.7%), higher mitotic counts (60.0% vs 3.7%), and higher Ki-67-labeling indices (60.0% vs 22.2%). In addition, high miRNA-196a expression was significantly associated with decreased overall survival (P = 0.046) and disease-free survival (P < 0.001) during a median follow-up of 37.9 months with the hazard ratio for recurrence of 16.267 (95% confidence interval = 1.732–153.789; P = 0.015).MiRNA-196a level may be a promising prognostic marker of recurrence in resected PanNETs, although further experimental investigation would be required.     

食管鳞癌中微小核糖核酸-21的作用及对靶蛋白的影响

目的 探讨微小RNA(miRNA)-21对食管鳞癌细胞Eca109和哈萨克族食管癌的促增殖作用及对程序性细胞死亡基因4(PDCD4)表达的影响。方法将食管鳞癌细胞系Eca109分为miRNA-21 Mimics组（转染序列5′-UCAACAUCAGUCUGAUAAGCUA-3′）、miRNA-21抑制剂组（转染序列5′-UAGCUUAUCAGACUGAUGUUGA-3′）、阴性对照组（转染随机序列）和正常对照组（不予转染等任何处理）。细胞按4.5×105个/孔接种于6孔板,基于RNA干扰(RNAi)技术、使用脂质体2000试剂进行细胞转染。采用细胞计数法检测转染后各组细胞的增殖情况。使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测各组细胞的miRNA-21转录水平。采用Western印迹技术检测转染后各组PDCD4蛋白表达情况。检测18对哈萨克族食管癌及其对应的癌旁正常食管组织中miRNA-21转录和PDCD4蛋白表达情况。结果 转染48 h后,与正常对照组比较,miRNA-21Mimics组Eca109细胞数增加36％(P=0.002),miRNA-21抑制剂组细胞数减少28％(P=0.002),阴性对照组细胞数变化不明显(P=0.515)。转染48 h后,miRNA-21抑制剂组、miRNA-21 Mimics 组、阴性对照组、正常对照组miRNA-21的相对表达量分别为0.37±0.10、9.17±1.08、0.74±0.23和1.04±0.34,PDCD4蛋白相对表达量分别为1.47±0.11、0.61±0.09、0.89±0.12、0.79±0.02。与正常对照组比较,miRNA-21抑制剂组miRNA-21相对表达量下降(P=0.031)、PDCD4蛋白相对表达量上调（P=0.001）,miRNA-21 Mimics组miRNA-21相对表达量上升(P=0.001)、PDCD4相对表达量下调(P=0.030),阴性对照组则差异无统计学意义（P值分别=0.272和0.541）。18对哈萨克族食管癌组织中16对的miRNA-21相对表达量(0.11±0.09)高于其对应的癌旁正常食管组织(0.03±0.03,P=0.001),PDCD4蛋白相对表达量（0.92±0.39）低于其对应的癌旁正常食管组织（1.57±0.80,P=0.004）,且癌组织中miRNA-21相对表达水平越高,PDCD4蛋白相对表达水平越低（r=-0.538,P=0.046）。结论miRNA-21可能通过抑制PDCD4蛋白表达而促进食管鳞癌细胞Eca109增殖,并且参与哈萨克族食管癌的发生。     

微小核糖核酸-25在胃癌患者血清中的异常表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨微小核糖核酸-25(miRNA-25)在胃癌患者血清中的异常表达及其临床意义.方法 选择第四军医大学西京医院手术及随访资料完整的胃癌(86例)、胃腺瘤(70例)患者和健康对照者(80名)为研究对象,提取血清总RNA,在建立了稳定、敏感的血清miRNA-25绝对定量检测方法(qRT-PCR)的基础上,检测胃癌、胃腺瘤患者和健康对照者血清中miRNA-25表达水平.分析胃癌、胃腺瘤和健康对照者血清中的miRNA-25表达差异及血清miRNA-25表达水平与胃癌临床病理参数的关系.结果 胃癌患者血清中miRNA-25的表达水平(135.6 fmol/μg总RNA)显著高于胃腺瘤(67.7 fmol//μg总RNA)和健康对照者(62.2 fmol/μg总RNA,P＜0.01),同时miRNA-25的受试者工作特征曲线显示,血清miRNA-25对胃癌诊断具有良好的特异度和敏感度(曲线下面积=0.827);有淋巴结转移者[(148.3±10.2)fmol/μg总RNA]和临床病理分期Ⅲ/Ⅳ期[(146.7±9.5)fmol/μg总RNA]胃癌患者血清miRNA-25的表达分别明显高于无淋巴结转移者[(120.3±10.1)fmol/μg总RNA]和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期胃癌患者[(119.4±12.2)fmol/μg总RNA](P＜0.05);相关性研究结果表明,血清miRNA-25高表达胃癌患者的生存期与血清miRNA-25低表达胃癌患者无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 血清miRNA-25的检测可能有助于胃癌的诊断和预后预测.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the abnormal expression of microRNA (miRNA)-25 in the serum of gastric cancer patients and its clinical significance. Methods In Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases,Fourth Military Medical University,86 gastric cancer patients with operation and completed follow-up data,70 gastric adenoma patients and 80 healthy controls were selected as study objects.Total RNA was isolated from the serum. After the stable and sensitive miRNA-25 absolute quantity detection method established,the serum levels of miRNA-25 in gastric carcinoma patients,gastric adenoma patients and healthy controls were tested according to this method. The expression differences of miRNA-25 in the serum of patients with gastric cancer and gastric adenoma and healthy controls were analyzed with statistic analysis,and the correlation between miRNA-25 expression level and clinic pathological features of gastric cancer was also analyzed. Results The expression level of miRNA-25 in the serum of gastric cancer patients (135. 6 fmol/μg total RNA) was significantly higher than that of gastric adenoma patients (67. 7 fmol/μg total RNA) and healthy controls (62. 2 fmol/μg total RNA)(P＜0. 01). The receiver operating characterisstic curve of miRNA-25 indicated that serum miRNA-25 with good specificity and sensitivity in gastric cancer diagnosis (AUC=0. 827). The serum level of miRNA-25 in gastric cancer patients with lymph node metastasis [(148. 3±10. 2) fmol/μg total RNA] or clinicopathological stage Ⅲ /Ⅳ patients [(146. 7±9.5) fmol/μg total RNA] was significantly higher than that of gastric cancer patients without lymph node metastasis [(120. 3±10. 1)fmol/μg total RNA] or clinicopathological stage Ⅰ/Ⅱpatients [(119. 4±12. 2) fmol/μg total RNA] (P＜0.05). The correlation statistical analysis result indicated that there was no significant difference in survival period between serum miRNA-25 highly expressed and lowly expressed gastric cancer patients (P＞0. 05).Conclusion Serum miRNA-25 testing maybe helpful in diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.     

Serum microRNA-196 and microRNA-200 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma of patients with diabetes mellitus

Background/ObjectivesOur aim was to compare expressions of 6 microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PAC) and non-cancer patients, moreover according to the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus.MethodsExpressions of miRNA-192, -196, -200, -21, -30 and -423 were measured in 77 patients with PAC and 64 non-cancer patients (34 patients with type 2 DM and 30 control persons). 60 patients with PAC (78%) had DM or prediabetes and it was of new-onset (less than 2 years before the cancer diagnosis) in 44 out of them.ResultsThe expressions of all microRNAs were 1.4–3.7 times higher (significantly) in the PAC group compared to non-cancer patients. No difference was found between PAC diabetic and PAC non-diabetic patients. MicroRNA-200 was significantly higher in PAC patients with significant body weight loss against those without weight loss. Adding miRNA-196 and -200 to the current marker CA 19-9 improved the discriminative ability of the test (compared to CA 19-9 alone).ConclusionMicroRNA-196 and -200 could be used as additional markers in PAC diagnosis.     

Current understanding of the functional roles of aberrantly expressed microRNAs in esophageal cancer

The incidence of esophageal cancer is rising, mostly because the increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Western countries. Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment, the overall 5-year survival rates remain low. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of target genes. Recently, disease specific miRNAs have been identified, which act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about the function of aberrantly expressed miRNAs in esophageal cancer. We selected 5 miRNAs (miRNA-21, -143, -145, -196a and let-7) based on the available literature, and described their potential role in regulating pathways that are deregulated in esophageal cancer. Finally we will highlight the current achievements of using and targeting miRNAs. Because these miRNAs likely have important regulatory roles in cancer development, they open a therapeutic window for new treatment modalities.