尿流式有形成分及干化学分析在尿路感染诊断中的应用评价

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of automated urine formed elements analyzer and/or urine dipstick analyzer for examination of urinary formed elements in screening urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods 148 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from the UTI patients and 284 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from non-UTI subjects were selected. Bacteria culture was performed for bacterial colony counting and identification. Bacteria counts ( BACT), yeast-like fungus and WBC were performed by UF-looOi automated urine formed elements analyzer. Leukocyte esterase test (LEU) and nitrite test (NIT) were performed by URISYS 2400 urine dipstick analyzer. We evaluated data obtained from urine dipstick analyzer, UF-1000i and combination of UF-1000i with urine dipstick analyzer and the results was compared with those obtained from quantitative bacterial culture. Then we evaluated the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy. Results Among the 148 patients with UTI, the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture was 73.6% (109/148), the positive rate of LEU and NIT detected by dipstick test 26. 4% (39/148).There was significantly statistical difference between bacterial culture and strip test(χ2 = 55.68 ,P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of urine flow cytometry by UF-1000i with either positive of BACT and WBC was 91.2%(135/148), which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. There was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 14. 70, P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of anyone positive among BACT, WBC, LEU and NIT was 94. 6% (140/148) when detected with combination of dipstick test and UF-1000i, which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. And there was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 20. 45, P < 0. 05 ). The sensitivity of dipstick test was low (26. 4% ,39/148 ), and specificity was high ( 99. 3%, 282/284 ) . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of BACT detected by UF-1000i in diagnosing urinary tract infection were 92. 6% ( 137/148 ), 39. 8% ( 113/284 ). 44. 5% ( 137/308 ) and 91.1% ( 113/124 ), respectively. If the dipstick test was combined with UF-1000i, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 98.0% ( 145/148 ), 97.1% ( 100/103 ). 35.2% (100/284) ,44. 1% (145/329) and 56. 7% (245/432), respectively. Conclusions The combination of urine dipstick test and automated urine formed elements analyzer UF-1000i plays an important role in early diagnosis of UTI. And it has significant value in diagnosis of UTI, especially for the patients with negative bacterial cultures of urine sample.     

尿流式有形成分及干化学分析在尿路感染诊断中的应用评价

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of automated urine formed elements analyzer and/or urine dipstick analyzer for examination of urinary formed elements in screening urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods 148 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from the UTI patients and 284 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from non-UTI subjects were selected. Bacteria culture was performed for bacterial colony counting and identification. Bacteria counts ( BACT), yeast-like fungus and WBC were performed by UF-looOi automated urine formed elements analyzer. Leukocyte esterase test (LEU) and nitrite test (NIT) were performed by URISYS 2400 urine dipstick analyzer. We evaluated data obtained from urine dipstick analyzer, UF-1000i and combination of UF-1000i with urine dipstick analyzer and the results was compared with those obtained from quantitative bacterial culture. Then we evaluated the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy. Results Among the 148 patients with UTI, the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture was 73.6% (109/148), the positive rate of LEU and NIT detected by dipstick test 26. 4% (39/148).There was significantly statistical difference between bacterial culture and strip test(χ2 = 55.68 ,P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of urine flow cytometry by UF-1000i with either positive of BACT and WBC was 91.2%(135/148), which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. There was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 14. 70, P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of anyone positive among BACT, WBC, LEU and NIT was 94. 6% (140/148) when detected with combination of dipstick test and UF-1000i, which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. And there was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 20. 45, P < 0. 05 ). The sensitivity of dipstick test was low (26. 4% ,39/148 ), and specificity was high ( 99. 3%, 282/284 ) . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of BACT detected by UF-1000i in diagnosing urinary tract infection were 92. 6% ( 137/148 ), 39. 8% ( 113/284 ). 44. 5% ( 137/308 ) and 91.1% ( 113/124 ), respectively. If the dipstick test was combined with UF-1000i, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 98.0% ( 145/148 ), 97.1% ( 100/103 ). 35.2% (100/284) ,44. 1% (145/329) and 56. 7% (245/432), respectively. Conclusions The combination of urine dipstick test and automated urine formed elements analyzer UF-1000i plays an important role in early diagnosis of UTI. And it has significant value in diagnosis of UTI, especially for the patients with negative bacterial cultures of urine sample.     

尿流式有形成分及干化学分析在尿路感染诊断中的应用评价

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of automated urine formed elements analyzer and/or urine dipstick analyzer for examination of urinary formed elements in screening urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods 148 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from the UTI patients and 284 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from non-UTI subjects were selected. Bacteria culture was performed for bacterial colony counting and identification. Bacteria counts ( BACT), yeast-like fungus and WBC were performed by UF-looOi automated urine formed elements analyzer. Leukocyte esterase test (LEU) and nitrite test (NIT) were performed by URISYS 2400 urine dipstick analyzer. We evaluated data obtained from urine dipstick analyzer, UF-1000i and combination of UF-1000i with urine dipstick analyzer and the results was compared with those obtained from quantitative bacterial culture. Then we evaluated the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy. Results Among the 148 patients with UTI, the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture was 73.6% (109/148), the positive rate of LEU and NIT detected by dipstick test 26. 4% (39/148).There was significantly statistical difference between bacterial culture and strip test(χ2 = 55.68 ,P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of urine flow cytometry by UF-1000i with either positive of BACT and WBC was 91.2%(135/148), which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. There was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 14. 70, P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of anyone positive among BACT, WBC, LEU and NIT was 94. 6% (140/148) when detected with combination of dipstick test and UF-1000i, which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. And there was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 20. 45, P < 0. 05 ). The sensitivity of dipstick test was low (26. 4% ,39/148 ), and specificity was high ( 99. 3%, 282/284 ) . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of BACT detected by UF-1000i in diagnosing urinary tract infection were 92. 6% ( 137/148 ), 39. 8% ( 113/284 ). 44. 5% ( 137/308 ) and 91.1% ( 113/124 ), respectively. If the dipstick test was combined with UF-1000i, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 98.0% ( 145/148 ), 97.1% ( 100/103 ). 35.2% (100/284) ,44. 1% (145/329) and 56. 7% (245/432), respectively. Conclusions The combination of urine dipstick test and automated urine formed elements analyzer UF-1000i plays an important role in early diagnosis of UTI. And it has significant value in diagnosis of UTI, especially for the patients with negative bacterial cultures of urine sample.     

尿流式有形成分及干化学分析在尿路感染诊断中的应用评价

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of automated urine formed elements analyzer and/or urine dipstick analyzer for examination of urinary formed elements in screening urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods 148 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from the UTI patients and 284 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from non-UTI subjects were selected. Bacteria culture was performed for bacterial colony counting and identification. Bacteria counts ( BACT), yeast-like fungus and WBC were performed by UF-looOi automated urine formed elements analyzer. Leukocyte esterase test (LEU) and nitrite test (NIT) were performed by URISYS 2400 urine dipstick analyzer. We evaluated data obtained from urine dipstick analyzer, UF-1000i and combination of UF-1000i with urine dipstick analyzer and the results was compared with those obtained from quantitative bacterial culture. Then we evaluated the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy. Results Among the 148 patients with UTI, the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture was 73.6% (109/148), the positive rate of LEU and NIT detected by dipstick test 26. 4% (39/148).There was significantly statistical difference between bacterial culture and strip test(χ2 = 55.68 ,P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of urine flow cytometry by UF-1000i with either positive of BACT and WBC was 91.2%(135/148), which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. There was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 14. 70, P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of anyone positive among BACT, WBC, LEU and NIT was 94. 6% (140/148) when detected with combination of dipstick test and UF-1000i, which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. And there was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 20. 45, P < 0. 05 ). The sensitivity of dipstick test was low (26. 4% ,39/148 ), and specificity was high ( 99. 3%, 282/284 ) . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of BACT detected by UF-1000i in diagnosing urinary tract infection were 92. 6% ( 137/148 ), 39. 8% ( 113/284 ). 44. 5% ( 137/308 ) and 91.1% ( 113/124 ), respectively. If the dipstick test was combined with UF-1000i, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 98.0% ( 145/148 ), 97.1% ( 100/103 ). 35.2% (100/284) ,44. 1% (145/329) and 56. 7% (245/432), respectively. Conclusions The combination of urine dipstick test and automated urine formed elements analyzer UF-1000i plays an important role in early diagnosis of UTI. And it has significant value in diagnosis of UTI, especially for the patients with negative bacterial cultures of urine sample.     

尿流式有形成分及干化学分析在尿路感染诊断中的应用评价

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of automated urine formed elements analyzer and/or urine dipstick analyzer for examination of urinary formed elements in screening urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods 148 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from the UTI patients and 284 fresh midstream clear-catch urine samples from non-UTI subjects were selected. Bacteria culture was performed for bacterial colony counting and identification. Bacteria counts ( BACT), yeast-like fungus and WBC were performed by UF-looOi automated urine formed elements analyzer. Leukocyte esterase test (LEU) and nitrite test (NIT) were performed by URISYS 2400 urine dipstick analyzer. We evaluated data obtained from urine dipstick analyzer, UF-1000i and combination of UF-1000i with urine dipstick analyzer and the results was compared with those obtained from quantitative bacterial culture. Then we evaluated the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy. Results Among the 148 patients with UTI, the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture was 73.6% (109/148), the positive rate of LEU and NIT detected by dipstick test 26. 4% (39/148).There was significantly statistical difference between bacterial culture and strip test(χ2 = 55.68 ,P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of urine flow cytometry by UF-1000i with either positive of BACT and WBC was 91.2%(135/148), which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. There was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 14. 70, P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of anyone positive among BACT, WBC, LEU and NIT was 94. 6% (140/148) when detected with combination of dipstick test and UF-1000i, which was higher than the positive rate of the quantitative bacterial culture. And there was significant difference between two methods (χ2 = 20. 45, P < 0. 05 ). The sensitivity of dipstick test was low (26. 4% ,39/148 ), and specificity was high ( 99. 3%, 282/284 ) . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of BACT detected by UF-1000i in diagnosing urinary tract infection were 92. 6% ( 137/148 ), 39. 8% ( 113/284 ). 44. 5% ( 137/308 ) and 91.1% ( 113/124 ), respectively. If the dipstick test was combined with UF-1000i, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 98.0% ( 145/148 ), 97.1% ( 100/103 ). 35.2% (100/284) ,44. 1% (145/329) and 56. 7% (245/432), respectively. Conclusions The combination of urine dipstick test and automated urine formed elements analyzer UF-1000i plays an important role in early diagnosis of UTI. And it has significant value in diagnosis of UTI, especially for the patients with negative bacterial cultures of urine sample.     

超声造影在钝性腹部创伤患者诊断中的应用价值

Purpose: Trauma is the main leading cause of disability and death in young adult population, of which blunt abdominal trauma is one of the most common types of injury, rapid identification of organ injury in blunt abdominal trauma patients is crucial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in adults with blunt abdominal trauma. Methods: Patients with blunt abdominal trauma attending the emergency department of the Second Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2020.10 to 2023.2 were included in this study, general demographic and injuries procedure were collected, organ injuries were assessed by comparing the results of enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and CEUS with American Association for Trauma Surgery standards. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of CEUS were calculated by drawing cross-tabulations using CECT as a standard.The diagnostic performance between CEUS and CECT were compared by McNemar-Bowke test. The diagnostic consistency between CEUS and CECT was analyzed by kappa consistency test, the cost differences were compared by rank sum test, and the adverse reactions of CEUS were reported. Results: A total of 42 patients with blunt abdominal trauma were included, predominantly male patients. 30 injury patients were found by CECT and 29 injury patients were found by CEUS, and the sensitivity of CEUS was found to be 93.33%, specificity 91.67%, positive predictive value 96.55%, negative predictive value 84.62%, and diagnostic accuracy 92.86%, respectively. McNemar-Bowke test showed that there was no statistical difference in diagnostic performance between CEUS and CECT (χ2=1,P=0.317). Kappa consistency test found that its Kappa value was 0.966. No adverse events were observed and the single time cost was significantly lower than that of CECT (￥806 vs. ￥1657,P=0.000). Conclusion: CEUS is a safe, effective, convenient, low-cost, and radiation-free imaging method that can be used as an effective alternative method to CECT in blunt abdominal trauma patients.     

Clinical significance of procalcitonin in differentiation of bloodstream infections caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus from contamination in the department of hematology北大核心CSCD

Objective To examine the value of procalcitonin (PCT) in differential diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) from contamination in Department of Hematology. Methods One hundred and fiftysix patients with bloodstream or intravenous catheter-related CNS infection were included in this study. The patients were treated in Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University during the period from January 2013 to December 2015. The patients were divided into CNS bloodstream infection group (n=66) and blood culture contamination group (n=90). The two groups were compared in terms of sex, age, diagnosis, length of hospital stay, duration of neutropenia, neutrophil count and lymphocyte count, peak fever, C-reactive protein (CRP) and PCT. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted with SPSS 21.0 software to analyze the value of PCT in differential diagnosis. Results Age, sex, clinical diagnosis, length of hospital stay, duration of neutropenia, neutrophil count and lymphocyte count did not show significant difference between bloodstream infection group and contamination group (P>0.05), while peak fever (P <0.001), CRP (P=0.002) and PCT (P=0.018) were significantly higher in bloodstream infection group than in contamination group. ROC analysis indicated that PCT provided optimal discrimination between these two groups at cut-off value of 0.374 µg/L, with sensitivity of 54.5% and specificity of 94.4%. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.830±0.032 (95% CI: 0.767-0.893, P<0.001). Conclusions PCT may be a good marker for differentiating CNS bloodstream infection from contamination with higher specificity than the commonly used marker CRP. This finding may help clinicians reduce the overuse of antibiotics. © 2018, Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Infection. All rights reserved.     

UF-1000i全自动尿有形成分分析仪对尿路感染的诊断价值

Objective To evaluate the application value of UF-1000i automated urine formed elements analyzer in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Methods 150 urine specimens were analyzed using the UF-1000i in parallel with detection of leukocyte, yeast-like fungus, and bacteria. These detection results were collected for evaluation of urinary tract infection and scatter grams were recorded. At the same time, these samples were cultured for bacterial identification, which results were compared with that of the UF-1000i. The clinical diagnose criteria of the UTI was performed as golden standard. As compare with results obtained with UF-1000i, the sensitivity and specificity of UF-1000i for diagnosis of urinary tract infection were evaluated, and the consistency were analyzed among scatter grams, bacterial culture and final diagnosis. Results The statistical results from 146 specimens showed that the positive rate of UF-1000i was 32. 9% (48/146), the positive rate of urine culture is 28. 8% (42/146). There was no significant statistical difference found (χ2 = 1.79 ,P = 0. 18 )and Kappa test showed a considerable consistency (K = 0. 775 6). The UF-1000i detection results showed the sensitivity 76. 0% ( 38/50 ), specificity 89. 6% ( 86/96 ), positive predictive value 79. 2% ( 38/48 ) and negative predictive value 87. 8% ( 86/98 ), respectively. The distribution of coccus and bacilli obtained from the UF-1000i testing was basically in accordance with the results of bacterial culture. Conclusion The "UTI-information" of UF-1000i is very important for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections.     

UF-1000i全自动尿有形成分分析仪对尿路感染的诊断价值

Objective To evaluate the application value of UF-1000i automated urine formed elements analyzer in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Methods 150 urine specimens were analyzed using the UF-1000i in parallel with detection of leukocyte, yeast-like fungus, and bacteria. These detection results were collected for evaluation of urinary tract infection and scatter grams were recorded. At the same time, these samples were cultured for bacterial identification, which results were compared with that of the UF-1000i. The clinical diagnose criteria of the UTI was performed as golden standard. As compare with results obtained with UF-1000i, the sensitivity and specificity of UF-1000i for diagnosis of urinary tract infection were evaluated, and the consistency were analyzed among scatter grams, bacterial culture and final diagnosis. Results The statistical results from 146 specimens showed that the positive rate of UF-1000i was 32. 9% (48/146), the positive rate of urine culture is 28. 8% (42/146). There was no significant statistical difference found (χ2 = 1.79 ,P = 0. 18 )and Kappa test showed a considerable consistency (K = 0. 775 6). The UF-1000i detection results showed the sensitivity 76. 0% ( 38/50 ), specificity 89. 6% ( 86/96 ), positive predictive value 79. 2% ( 38/48 ) and negative predictive value 87. 8% ( 86/98 ), respectively. The distribution of coccus and bacilli obtained from the UF-1000i testing was basically in accordance with the results of bacterial culture. Conclusion The "UTI-information" of UF-1000i is very important for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections.     

UF-1000i全自动尿有形成分分析仪对尿路感染的诊断价值

Objective To evaluate the application value of UF-1000i automated urine formed elements analyzer in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Methods 150 urine specimens were analyzed using the UF-1000i in parallel with detection of leukocyte, yeast-like fungus, and bacteria. These detection results were collected for evaluation of urinary tract infection and scatter grams were recorded. At the same time, these samples were cultured for bacterial identification, which results were compared with that of the UF-1000i. The clinical diagnose criteria of the UTI was performed as golden standard. As compare with results obtained with UF-1000i, the sensitivity and specificity of UF-1000i for diagnosis of urinary tract infection were evaluated, and the consistency were analyzed among scatter grams, bacterial culture and final diagnosis. Results The statistical results from 146 specimens showed that the positive rate of UF-1000i was 32. 9% (48/146), the positive rate of urine culture is 28. 8% (42/146). There was no significant statistical difference found (χ2 = 1.79 ,P = 0. 18 )and Kappa test showed a considerable consistency (K = 0. 775 6). The UF-1000i detection results showed the sensitivity 76. 0% ( 38/50 ), specificity 89. 6% ( 86/96 ), positive predictive value 79. 2% ( 38/48 ) and negative predictive value 87. 8% ( 86/98 ), respectively. The distribution of coccus and bacilli obtained from the UF-1000i testing was basically in accordance with the results of bacterial culture. Conclusion The "UTI-information" of UF-1000i is very important for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections.     

血浆（1，3）-β-D葡聚糖检测对血液病患者侵袭性真菌感染的诊断价值

免疫功能低下患者的侵袭性真菌感染（IFI）具有病死率高,诊断困难等特点。针对真菌病原的血清学方法如（1,3）-β—D葡聚糖（BG）检测（G试验）、曲霉半乳甘露聚糖检测（GM试验）具有操作简单、快速、敏感性相对高等特点,可做为IFI诊断的辅助手段。较GM试验比,G试验可用于诊断除曲霉菌外更多的真菌感染。本研究旨在探讨G试验在血液病患者IFI早期诊断中的价值。血浆标本来源于2007年5月-2008年5月来自北京道培医院162例疑为IFI的血液病患者,其中化疗后患者85例,造血干细胞移植后患者77例。应用MB-80微生物动态快速检测系统定量检测患者血浆中BG的含量,将检测结果及临床特征进行回顾性分析。按照欧洲癌症研究治疗组织及真菌研究组（EORTC／MSG）诊断标准,所有病例中有确定诊断2例,临床诊断18例,拟诊75例,排除诊断67例。结果表明：以20ng／ml为诊断界值,G试验的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值（PPV）和阴性预测值（NPV）分别为75％、91％、72．4％和92．4％。在75例拟诊病例中,其中有51例G试验阳性,且对广谱抗生素无效而经过抗真菌治疗有效,经过临床回顾性分析符合IFI,表明G试验使IFI诊断率提高31．4％。结论：G试验是早期诊断血液病患者IFI的简单、快速的方法。     

1,3-β-D葡聚糖和半乳甘露聚糖检测对ICU患者侵袭性真菌感染的诊断价值

目的评价1,3-β-D葡聚糖(BG)和半乳甘露聚糖(GM)检测对重症监护室(ICU)患者侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)的早期诊断价值。方法于2013-2015年,对452例ICU高危IFI患者(临床诊断IFI 182例,拟诊IFI 46例,排除IFI 224例),进行血清BG和GM检测,结合临床诊断,分析BG和GM检测,以及二者联合检测对IFI的诊断特异度、灵敏度、阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV)。结果 BG检测对IFI的诊断灵敏度为75.0%,特异度为80.4%,PPV为75.8%,NPV为79.6%;GM检测的诊断灵敏度为25.8%,特异度为85.7%,PPV为59.5%,NPV为58.7%;二者联合检测的诊断灵敏度为87.4%,特异度为94.7%。结论 BG联合GM检测可提高对IFI的诊断效能,降低假阳性率和假阴性率,为ICU患者IFI早期诊治提供一定的依据。     

血清1,3-β-D-葡聚糖检测用于造血干细胞移植后患者侵袭性真菌感染诊断的界值初探

目的 评价血清1,3-β-D-葡聚糖(BG)浓度检测对我国造血干细胞移植(HSCT)后患者侵袭性真菌感染(IFI)早期诊断的意义并确定其界值.方法 按我国IFI的诊断标准,采用Glucatell试剂盒对HSCT后拟诊IFI的36例患者m清标本(每周采血2次)进行BG浓度的检测(G实验).根据临床回顾性诊断标准定义阳性和阴性病例,按不同G试验阳性标准计算其灵敏度、特异度,最终确定G试验在我国HSCT后患者IFI诊断的界值.结果 按试验中所得的单次结果≥80 ng/L或连续两次结果≥60ng/L作为界值,得出G试验的灵敏度、特异度、阳性和阴性预测值结果分别为81.0%、81.8%、89.5%和69.2%(P=0.002),并以此作为G试验在我国HSCT后IFI诊断的界值.结论 G试验在我国HSCT患者IFI诊断的界值与国外基本相同,是一种早期诊断IFI的快速、灵敏的检测.方法 ,值得临床推广.     

血清(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖检测在深部真菌感染诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨血清(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖(BG)检测(G试验)在深部真菌感染早期诊断中的临床应用与价值。方法选取2015年10月至2016年4月重庆市急救医疗中心132例疑似深部真菌感染患者作为研究对象,将38例确诊患者和拟诊患者视为阳性组,其余94例视为阴性组,采用金山川MB-80微生物快速动态检测系统测定血清BG水平,并与患者体液真菌培养结果进行比较分析。结果阳性组、阴性组血清BG水平分别为(150.8±133.2)、(25.7±20.1)pg/mL,差异有统计学意义(t=5.76,P0.05)。G试验诊断深部真菌感染的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为78.9%、85.1%、68.1%、91.0%;真菌培养诊断深部真菌感染的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为57.9%、80.9%、52.3%、82.6%。结论血清BG检测方法快速、准确、简便,在深部真菌感染早期诊断及临床合理用药指导中具有临床应用价值。     

血浆（1，3）-β-D-葡聚糖抗原检测对器官移植术后患者侵袭性肺部真菌感染的诊断价值

目的探讨血浆（1,3）-β-D-葡聚糖（BG）检测（G试验）在早期诊断器官移植术后合并侵袭性肺部真菌感染（IPFI）的敏感性与特异性。方法2006年1月-2008年2月在本院器官移植中心接受器官（或组织）移植合并有肺部病变的患者60例,分别为接受造血干细胞移植（HSCT）、肾移植和肝移植。入选患者在住院期间每周采集2次全血,进行血浆G试验和血清曲霉菌半乳甘露聚糖抗原（GM）检测。10例健康志愿者均采血1次。结果32例确诊和临床诊断IPFI患者共采集35株致病型真菌,主要为曲霉菌（22株）;有12例患者G试验结果为阴性。单份血浆标本G试验阳性的敏感性为60%～71．4％,特异性为74．796-89．7％,连续双份血浆标本G试验阳性的敏感性（40％-57．1％）略有降低,但特异性（86．7％～98．3％）有所升高。G试验较痰液真菌培养平均提前8．2d出现阳性结果,差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0．01）。较典型影像学改变也平均提前3d（P〈0．05）。结论通过连续检测血浆BG浓度,G试验对器官移植术后合并IPFI的诊断敏感性接近60％,特异性则达到98％;且较微生物学培养及典型影像学改变更早出现阳性结果。     

血浆(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖抗原检测对器官移植术后患者侵袭性肺部真菌感染的诊断价值

目的探讨血浆(1,3)-β-D-葡聚糖(BG)检测(G试验)在早期诊断器官移植术后合并侵袭性肺部真菌感染(IPFI)的敏感性与特异性。方法2006年1月~2008年2月在本院器官移植中心接受器官(或组织)移植合并有肺部病变的患者60例,分别为接受造血干细胞移植(HSCT)、肾移植和肝移植。入选患者在住院期间每周采集2次全血,进行血浆G试验和血清曲霉菌半乳甘露聚糖抗原(GM)检测。10例健康志愿者均采血1次。结果32例确诊和临床诊断IPFI患者共采集35株致病型真菌,主要为曲霉菌(22株);有12例患者G试验结果为阴性。单份血浆标本G试验阳性的敏感性为60%~71.4%,特异性为74.7%~89.7%,连续双份血浆标本G试验阳性的敏感性(40%~57.1%)略有降低,但特异性(86.7%~98.3%)有所升高。G试验较痰液真菌培养平均提前8.2 d出现阳性结果,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。较典型影像学改变也平均提前3 d(P<0.05)。结论通过连续检测血浆BG浓度,G试验对器官移植术后合并IPFI的诊断敏感性接近60%,特异性则达到98%;且较微生物学培养及典型影像学改变更早出现阳性结果。     

真菌(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测在重症肺炎患者中真菌检测的临床价值

目的 探讨真菌(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测(G试验)在重症肺炎患者中侵袭性真菌检测的临床价值和意义.方法 选择广东省人民医院2014年11月至2015年11月入住内科重症监护病房(MICU)及急诊重症监护病房(EICU)的重症肺炎患者558例,按2007年美国胸科学会(ATS)和美国感染病学会(IDSA)有关重症肺炎的诊断标准进行确诊,采集入住当天的血标本,使用真菌(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测(G试验)试剂盒进行检测,G试验结果在0～ 100.5 pg/mL为阴性;根据重症肺炎患者血培养检测分为阳性患者组与阴性患者组.采用SPSS 21.0进行统计学分析,以ROC曲线判断G试验敏感度和特异度,非参数检验方法得出真阳性率和假阴性率.结果 在558例研究对象(女185例,男373例,平均年龄64.7岁)中,真菌培养结果阳性为41例,G试验平均值在阳性患者和阴性患者中分别为(568.53±796.57) pg/mL、(51.4±63.27) pg/mL,阳性患者显著高于阴性患者(P＜0.05).G试验敏感度、特异度、真阳性率、假阴性率分别为92.7％、92.5％、49.4％和0.6％.结论 真菌(1,3)-β-D葡聚糖检测试剂盒对重症肺炎患者早期诊断真菌感染具有较高临床价值.     

Clinical utility and prognostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan in patients with hematologic malignancies

We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study to determine the performance characteristics of the galactomannan (GM) assay in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with hematologic malignancies. Patients were classified as proven, probable, possible, or no invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), according to international guidelines. A total of 173 BAL samples from 145 patients were included. There were 5 proven, 7 probable, and 35 possible cases of IPA. Using a GM index cutoff of ≥0.5, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) of the BAL GM assay were 100%, 78%, 26%, and 100%, respectively. Using a GM index cutoff of ≥2.0, the sensitivity and NPV remained 100%, but specificity and PPV increased to 93% and 50%, respectively. The BAL GM assay is a highly sensitive screening test for IPA in patients with hematologic malignancies. Increasing the cutoff value to 2.0 would improve the performance of this assay.     

定量PCR检测在恶性血液病患者合并侵袭性真菌感染早期诊断中的意义

为探讨定量PCR在恶性血液病患者合并侵袭性真菌感染诊断中的应用价值,分别对40例恶性血液病患者血清中的真菌DNA进行定量PCR测定并结合半乳甘露聚糖(GM)试验及相关临床检查进行实验研究。选取烟曲霉菌高度保守的28S rRNA区段序列为目的基因设计引物和探针,提取患者血清中真菌DNA进行定量PCR检测。测定结果表明:定量PCR检测敏感性为0.89,特异性为0.85,阳性预测值为0.89,阴性预测值为0.85;GM检测敏感性为0.83,特异性为0.80,阳性预测值为0.88,阴性预测值为0.73;联合应用定量PCR和GM检测,其中1项为阳性或2项均为阳性的敏感性为0.94,特异性为0.85,阳性预测值0.89,阴性预测值0.92。结论:真菌定量PCR试验可应用于恶性血液病患者侵袭性真菌感染的诊断,与GM试验联合应用可提高诊断敏感性。     

血浆1,3-β-D葡聚糖的检测在深部真菌感染诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨血浆1,3-β-D葡聚糖的检测(G试验)对深部真菌感染的诊断价值。方法收集2014年1-12月该院的共420例受试者血浆,其中深部真菌感染者226例,非真菌感染者88例,健康体检者(对照组)106例。采用MB-80微生物动态快速检测系统及GKT-5M Set动态真菌检测试剂盒定量检测血浆1,3-β-D葡聚糖的水平,应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)对G试验进行评估。结果深部真菌感染组的葡聚糖水平明显高于对照组,而非真菌感染者与对照组间比较葡聚糖水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结合ROC曲线分析,G试验的最佳临界值为25.33pg/mL,其敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为84.90%、70.83%、72.0%、84.10%(P0.05)。结论血浆1,3-β-D葡聚糖检测是一种实用且有效的深部真菌感染的诊断方法。