经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术在治疗良性前列腺增生中的疗效观察

目的：观察经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术在治疗良性前列腺增生中的疗效。方法选取48例良性前列腺增生患者,将其随机均分为对照组和观察组（n=24）。对照组采用耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术进行治疗,观察组采用经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术进行治疗。对2组术中的出血量、术后膀胱冲洗时间、手术时间、留置尿管的时间、住院时间与手术前后QOL评分、IPSS评分、剩余尿量、最大尿流率进行观察比较。结果观察组与对照组在术中的出血量分别为（110.7±80.4）mL、（209.2±34.7）mL,观察组与对照组术后膀胱冲洗时间分别为(2.3±1.2)d、(4.6±2.5)d,观察组与对照组手术时间分别为(61.3±17.2)d、(71.2±31.3)d、观察组与对照组的住院时间分别为(6.2±1.3)、(9.6±2.5)d,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组在手术前后QOL评分、IPSS评分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论从整体来看,经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术优于耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术,不过对于经济不发达、无先进技术设备的地区,采用耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术作为治疗方式,疗效确切,也是治疗良性前列腺增生的重要方法。     

耻骨后保留尿道与耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术疗效比较

目的:比较耻骨后保留尿道与耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术的近期疗效及术后并发症,探讨治疗良性前列腺增生症(BPH)的理想开放手术方法。方法:将310例良性前列腺增生症(BPH)患者分成两组,采用耻骨后保留尿道前列腺切除术150例,耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术160例。比较两组平均手术时间、术中出血量、术后血红蛋白、留置尿管时间、最大尿流率及术后并发症等指标的差异。结果:保留尿道组术中平均出血量(184.2±34.5)ml与对照组(356.6±38.4)ml相比显著性减少(P<0.05)。保留尿道组术后膀胱冲洗时间(2.7±1.2)d、留置尿管时间(5.6±2.7)d、平均住院日(20±0.5)d及术后发生膀胱痉挛等并发症与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。而平均手术时间、术后尿流率指标变化、症状及生活质量改善两组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:耻骨后保留尿道前列腺切除术手术创伤小,术中及术后出血少,避免尿道损伤进而减少术后膀胱痉挛疼痛等并发症,术后恢复快,不影响性功能,是治疗前列腺增生症的理想开放术式。     

保留尿道前列腺切除术治疗前列腺增生23例体会

目的 探讨经耻骨后途径保留尿道前列腺切除术的优点。方法 分析经耻骨后途径与经膀胱途径前列腺切除术，两种方法在出血量、术后膀胱冲洗时间、住院时间以及术后排尿情况等相比较。结果 保留尿道前列腺切除术较经膀胱前列腺切除术平均手术出血量减少80ml，术后膀胱冲洗时间减少79h，拔尿管时间缩短2～7d，住院时间缩短3～10d。结论 保留尿道前列腺切除术出血少，不用膀胱造瘘，术后膀胱冲洗时间短，拔管后排尿症状恢复快，住院时间缩短，是目前治疗前列腺增生症较好的手术方式。     

经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术治疗良性前列腺增生的疗效观察及安全性评估

目的比较经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术与耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术治疗良性前列腺增生的疗效。方法选择2009年5月至2012年9月石棉县人民医院泌尿外科收治的良性前列腺增生患者120例随机分为两组,观察组(60例)给予经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术和对照组(60例)给予耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术,观察手术相关指标、术后应激指标以及远期预后情况。结果观察组平均手术时间缩短50.6 min、术中出血量减少28.8 mL、术后引流量减少15.6 mL、术后卧床时间缩短2.1 d、血糖偏低1.3 mmol/L,同样,Hamilton焦虑量表评分、Hamilton抑郁量表、国际前列腺症状评分和疼痛情绪数字评分均低于(或少于)对照组(P<0.01);胰岛素水平、生活质量评分、卡氏行为状态评分表评分显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术能够减小手术创伤、缓解术后应激、改善远期预后,具有积极的临床价值。     

经尿道前列腺等离子切除与耻骨上前列腺切除术近期疗效比较

目的评价经尿道前列腺等离子电切术（PKRP）与耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术的近期临床疗效。方法随机抽取的20例经尿道等离子电切术患者及20例耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除患者比较,2种术式的手术时间术中出血量、近期疗效及并发症等情况。结果 2组术后IPSS、QOL、残余尿比术前均改善,2种术式差异不大;经尿道手术组患者术中出血量,术后膀胱冲洗时间,留置导尿时间,住院时间及近期并发症发生率明显小于开放组。结论 PKRP治疗BPH与耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术相比近期疗效相似,具有手术时间短,创伤小,出血少,恢复快,并发症发生率低等特点,是一种治疗BPH安全有效的理想术式。     

经尿道前列腺电切术的临床应用及术后护理

目的：探讨经尿道前列腺治疗前列腺增生的优势及术后护理。方法：选择需手术治疗的前列腺增生症病例36例,其中18例行经尿道前列腺电切术,18例行耻骨后切除术。结果：经尿道前列腺电切除术组病人的膀胱冲洗时间、术后出血量、拔除尿管的时间,术后并发症发生率、平均住院天数均明显低于耻骨后切除术组（P〈0.01）。结论：经尿道前列腺电切术比经耻骨后切除术具有术后出血少、康复快,术后并发症少的优点,但同时,经尿道前列腺电切术后应做好心理护理、加强生命体征的监测、做好基础护理、加强管道护理和健康指导。     

前列腺增生术后排尿困难原因分析

目的 分析前列腺增生术后排尿困难的原因,为预防和治疗提供依据.方法 回顾性分析27例前列腺增生术后出现排尿困难病例的临床资料.结果 7例耻骨上(经膀胱)前列腺摘除术病例中,膀胱颈梗阻5例,尿道狭窄、腺体残留各1例;20例经尿道前列腺电切术病例中,尿道外口狭窄12例,腺体残留 6例,血块堵塞2例.结论 膀胱颈口梗阻为耻骨上(经膀胱)前列腺切除术后引起排尿困难的主要原因,而尿道外口狭窄则为经尿道前列腺电切术后排尿困难的重要原因.     

气化电凝治疗耻骨上巨大前列腺切除术后出血18例

目的 针对经耻骨上巨大前列腺增生切除术后出血,寻求有效的止血措施.方法 对巨大前列腺增生症经耻骨上切除术后严重出血18例患者,应用置入前列腺气化镜电凝止血.结果 17例患者气化电凝止血均一次成功,手术时间30~60 min,术中无严重并发症;1例有少量出血,再行牵引压迫,18 h后出血停止.全部患者恢复良好,留置尿管7~10 d,拔除尿管后排尿通畅.结论 对前列腺切除术后宽大裸露的前列腺窝内的出血部位,应用气化电凝止血,止血效果确切,避免了再次开放手术.     

经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术与耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术治疗良性前列腺增生的疗效和安全性比较

目的比较经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术(TKRP)与耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术(SPP)治疗良性前列腺增生症(BPH)的临床疗效和安全性。方法观察组为深圳市第五人民医院2010年1月至2012年12月采用TKRP治疗的80例BPH患者;对照组为同期采用SPP治疗的60例中老年BPH患者。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、膀胱冲洗时间、尿管留置时间、住院时长,以及术后随访6个月的并发症、临床指标改善情况以及性功能障碍情况。结果观察组手术时间(min)、术中出血量(mL)、留置导尿时间(d)、住院时长(d)均显著低于对照组[(59.3±9.7)min vs(102.5±13.7)min、(112.6±7.7)mL vs(201.3±10.5)mL、(6.3±0.6)d vs(14.5±0.8)d、(5.0±0.5)d vs(12.8±0.8)d](P<0.05);术后随访6个月,观察组并发症发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者临床指标均有显著改善(P<0.05),且观察组患者改善程度更加显著(P<0.05),观察组患者的性功能障碍发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 TKRP治疗BPH安全有效,具有手术时间短、出血量少、创伤小等优点,增加了高危患者对手术的耐受性且对患者的性功能影响较小。     

保留尿道的耻骨后前列腺切除术60例临床报告

目的探讨保留尿道的耻骨后前列腺切除术治疗良性前列腺增生症的临床疗效。方法对60例慢性前列腺增生症患者采用保留尿道的耻骨后前列腺切除术进行治疗。结果手术时间60～140 min,平均80 min。术中出血60～140 ml,平均100 ml,未输血。术后住院8～15 d,平均9 d。术后随访1～5年,疗效优25例(41.7%),良32例(53.3%)。结论保留尿道的耻骨后前列腺切除术治疗慢性前列腺增生症效果良好,无远期并发症发生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.