HPLC法测定华盖散不同煎剂中甘草酸和甘草苷的含量

目的:考察用合煎、分煎方法制备的华盖散汤剂中甘草酸和甘草苷含量的变化。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定华盖散汤剂中甘草酸和甘草苷含量。采用Agilent Zorbax XDB-C18色谱柱(5um,4.6×150mm),以甲醇-0.2mol/L醋酸铵溶液-冰醋酸(67∶33∶1)为流动相,流速为0.7ml/min,检测波长为250nm,分析华盖散合煎液和分煎液样品中甘草酸的含量;以乙腈-0.5%冰醋酸(1∶4)为流动相,流速为0.6ml/min,检测波长为276nm,分析华盖散合煎液和分煎液样品中甘草苷的含量。结果:1.华盖散合煎液中甘草酸的平均含量小于分煎液中甘草酸的平均含量。2.华盖散合煎液中甘草苷的平均含量小于分煎液中甘草苷的平均含量。结论:与合煎液比较,分煎液中甘草酸、甘草苷的含量均较高。     

海藻甘草反药组合配伍对海藻玉壶汤中5种活性成分溶出含量影响

目的对甘草单煎液、海藻甘草配伍及于复方海藻玉壶汤中配伍后药效组分甘草苷、甘草酸、连翘苷、橙皮苷、阿魏酸的溶出含量进行测定并比较其差异,从物质基础层面,初步探讨海藻甘草反药组合的配伍规律及机制。方法制备甘草单煎液(GC)、海藻甘草合煎液(GH)、海藻玉壶汤煎液(HYD)、海藻玉壶汤去海藻煎液(HYD-H)、海藻玉壶汤去甘草煎液(HYD-G)、海藻玉壶汤去海藻甘草煎液(HYD-GH),采用HPLC法对各组煎液中5中成分进行了含量测定,计算各组煎液5种成分的溶出含量并进行比较。结果甘草苷、甘草酸溶出含量由高到低为HYD-HHYDGCGH;连翘苷、橙皮苷、阿魏酸溶出含量由高到低分别为:HYD-HHYD-GHHYD-GHYD。结论 HPLC方法简便、灵敏、准确、重复性好,适合用于研究海藻甘草配伍及于复方中配伍后活性成分溶出含量的变化规律。海藻与甘草这对反药组合单独配伍时,表现出引起甘草中甘草苷、甘草酸的溶出含量降低的结果。二者在复方中配伍应用时,甘草苷、甘草酸的溶出含量与甘草组基本持平。而与复方全方组相比,去掉海藻甘草反药组合的拆方组表现出引起甘草苷、甘草酸、连翘苷、橙皮苷、阿魏酸溶出含量升高的结果,可为海藻玉壶汤临床应用及反药组合能否配伍应用研究提供参考。     

不同厂家三黄片中黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱的溶出度

目的建立三黄片中黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱溶出度测定方法并考察市售不同厂家的三黄片中黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱的溶出度情况。方法采用高效液相色谱法进行含量测定,色谱条件为色谱柱：Grace C18柱（250mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相：甲醇-乙腈-0.025 mol/L磷酸液（用三乙胺调pH=3.0±0.1）=25∶20∶55;柱温为30℃;检测波长为265 nm;流速0.8 ml/min。筛选出溶出度测定条件,计算并分别绘制黄芩苷与盐酸小檗碱的累积溶出曲线,且对各曲线进行相似因子的比较及溶出模型拟合。结果溶出度测定条件为：采用桨法,转速100 r/min,以0.1 mol/L盐酸溶液加0.5%十二烷基硫酸钠为溶出介质。测定结果显示,不同厂家三黄片中黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱的溶出曲线相似因子f2值大多小于50,且两成分的体外溶出模型拟合不统一。结论不同厂家的三黄片中黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱的溶出度存在显著性差异,这可能是由于各厂家生产工艺不尽相同所致。中成药的质量控制应增加主要成分的溶出度检测,应探寻适宜的溶出模型以检测中药的溶出度。     

甘草与附子配伍后甘草黄酮含量变化的测定

目的:测定甘草与附子配伍后甘草黄酮含量的变化. 方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定甘草单煎液和甘草与附子合煎液中甘草苷的含量变化. 结果:甘草单煎液中甘草苷平均含量0.76%,甘草与附子合煎液中甘草苷平均含量0.48%. 结论:甘草与附子配伍后,甘草黄酮(甘草苷)含量明显减少,表明甘草能抑制附子的毒性.     

三拗汤不同配伍中麻黄碱、甘草酸和苦杏仁苷的变化

目的 比较三拗汤不同配伍和不同煎煮条件下麻黄碱、甘草酸和苦杏仁苷量的变化.方法 采用高效液相色谱外标法.选用Agilent Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),分别以甲醇-0.1%磷酸(8:92)为流动相,体积流量为1 mL/min,在207 nm波长测定盐酸麻黄碱;以乙腈-0.2%乙酸(35:65)为流动相,体积流量为1mL/min,在254 nrn波长测定甘草酸;选用大连依利特Hypersil-C8色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),以甲醇-乙腈-水(16:4:80)为流动相,体积流量为0.6mL/min,柱温30℃,在208 nm波长测定苦杏仁苷.结果 盐酸麻黄碱的量合煎液均大于分煎液;甘草酸的量三药合煎时合煎液大于分煎液,两药合煎时合煎液小于分煎液;苦杏仁苷的量合煎液均小于分煎液.结论 中药复方煎煮过程中存在动态变化,应根据不同的目的 对样品进行适宜的处理.     

三黄片中黄芩苷的溶出度研究

目的 考察市售不同厂家不同批次的三黄片中黄芩苷的溶出度现状.方法 采用高效液相色谱方法 进行含量测定,色谱条件为色谱柱:Dimansil C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相:CH3OH-0.1% H3PO4(51: 49);检测波长:280 nm,流速1 mL/min;筛选出溶出度测定条件;计算并绘制黄芩苷的累积溶出曲线,且对各曲线进行相似因子的比较.结果 溶出度测定条件为: 采用浆法,转速100 r/min ,以pH 7.2磷酸盐缓冲液为溶出介质.测定结果 显示,不同三黄片中黄芩苷的溶出曲线相似因子f2值均小于50.结论 不同厂家不同批次的三黄片中黄芩苷的溶出度存在显著性差异.     

芳香性药物不同煎煮时间有效成分的检测

目的观测芳香性药物在不同煎煮时间下,汤液中有效成分的含量。方法对九味羌活汤在一煎、二煎中不同煎煮时间下,汤液中挥发油、浸出物、黄芩苷的含量进行检测。结果一煎中,煎煮20—30min时。挥发油含量相对较高,浸出物和黄芩苷的含量随着煎煮时间的延长,呈上升趋势;二煎中,30min时挥发油含量最高。同时浸出物和黄芩苷的含量相对较高。结论芳香性药物的溶出度随煎煮时间的变化而变化。     

合煎与单煎对四物汤中4种化学成分溶出量的影响

[目的]建立同时测定四物汤水提液中芍药苷、阿魏酸、藁本内酯和洋川芎内酯I 4种化学成分含量测定的方法,并考察合煎与单煎对这4种成分溶出量的影响。[方法]采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Cosmosil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.3%甲酸水溶液梯度洗脱,检测波长为280 nm,流速为1 m L/min,柱温为30℃,分析在合煎、单煎条件下四物汤中4种化学成分溶出量的变化。[结果]芍药苷、阿魏酸、藁本内酯、洋川芎内酯I在19.38~310.00μg/m L(r=0.999 4),1.51~24.16μg/m L(r=0.999 4),1.50~24.00μg/m L(r=0.999 6),2.00~32.00μg/m L(r=0.999 4)线性范围内关系良好;平均加样回收率分别为95.89%(RSD=2.90%),97.08%(RSD=2.28%),96.84%(RSD=2.87%),98.77%(RSD=1.98%)。四物汤合煎液中洋川芎内酯I的溶出量低于当归、川芎药材溶出总量,而阿魏酸和藁本内酯的溶出量均高于当归、川芎药材溶出总量,芍药苷溶出量高于芍药药材溶出量。[结论]合煎与单煎中化学成分的溶出量并不是组方药味的简单叠加,而有其内在的配伍规律。     

三黄片的溶出度对比实验分析

目的 比较不同厂家三黄片的溶出度参数,评价市售产品质量差异.方法 以人工胃液为溶出介质,按转蓝法操作,测定不同厂家不同批次的三黄片主要成分黄芩苷的溶出度,用紫外分光光度法测定含量.结论 通过实验比较及数据分析不同厂家不同批次的三黄片的主要成分黄芩苷的溶出参数有极显著性差异.     

市售不同生产厂家牛黄解毒片黄芩苷的溶出度考察

目的：采用紫外分光光度法考察市售3个不同生产厂家牛黄解毒片的有效成分黄芩苷溶出度情况,评价药品质量差异。方法：以人工胃液为溶出介质,按药典溶出度转蓝法测定进行操作,以黄芩苷成分为评价指标,选用紫外分光光度法进行测定,绘制牛黄解毒片中黄芩苷成分的累积溶出曲线,并运用Excel软件进行数据处理,提取参数并进行相关性检验。结果：3个不同生产厂家牛黄解毒片黄芩苷溶出参数有极显著性差异。结论：市售牛黄解毒片药品黄芩苷溶出度处在明显的差异。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.