牛磺酸对细胞膜脂流动性的影响

（１）目的探讨牛磺酸对细胞脂流动性影响，（２）方法以１，６－Ｄｉｐｈｅｙ－１，３，５－ｈｅｘａｔｒｉｅｎｅ（ＤＰＨ）为探讨，有荧光偏振法测定荧光偏振度（Ｐ）值和微粘度（η）研究细胞膜脂的流动性。（２）结果饮不中添加１％牛磺酸喂养１１０ｄ的正常小鼠（实验组）其红细胞的Ｐ值与η分别为０．２４３±０．０１５和２．３９２±０．６５０；而正常饮水对照组分别为０．２６７±０．０２１和２．８２１±０．５８０，实     

牛磺酸对小鼠脾细胞DNA修复能力的影响

①目的观察牛磺酸对小鼠脾细胞ＤＮＡ修复能力的影响，以探讨牛磺酸抗衰老的机制。②方法以不同鼠龄小白鼠脾细胞悬液进行培养，实验组培养液中加入牛磺酸（３０μｇ／ｍｌ），以１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ羟基脲抑制ＤＮＡ复制，经紫外线照射后，以３Ｈ－胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷（３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ）掺入法测定ＤＮＡ损伤后修复能力。③结果鼠龄１１０ｄ，１５０ｄ和１８０ｄ３组小鼠中，ＤＮＡ修复能力均随鼠龄增加而降低，但在不同鼠龄阶段，牛磺酸组ＤＮＡ修复能力均高于对照组，牛磺酸组的闪烁值分别为８．０±０．６Ｈｚ，５．３±０．５Ｈｚ和４．１±０．４Ｈｚ，而对照组则分别为６．３±０．７Ｈｚ，４．７±０．５Ｈｚ和３．２±０．２Ｈｚ（ｔ＝７．５０，２．８７，３３．８０，Ｐ均＜０．０１）。④结论牛磺酸具有增强小鼠脾细胞ＤＮＡ的修复能力和延缓衰老的作用。     

牛磺酸对小鼠免疫功能的影响

①目的研究在饮水中加入１％牛磺酸对昆明种小鼠免疫功能的影响。②方法实验分３组：对照组，正常饮水；牛磺酸组，饮水中补充１％牛磺酸；胍乙基磺酸（ＧＥＳ）组，饮水中添加１％ＧＥＳ．③结果牛磺酸组小鼠的单核吞噬细胞的吞噬功能和体液免疫能力明显高于对照组（ｔ＝３，８５０，３．３２０，Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＧＥＳ组小鼠的单核吞噬细胞的吞噬功能和体液免疫功能明显低于对照组（ｔ＝２．７６５，Ｐ＜０．０５；ｔ＝６．７４６，Ｐ＜０．０１）。④结论牛磺酸可增强单核吞噬细胞的吞噬功能，提高体液免疫能力，对小鼠免疫功能有一定促进作用     

紫外线辐照血液疗法对兔脑梗塞治疗机制的实验研究

①目的探讨紫外线辐照血液疗法（ＵＢＩ）治疗缺血性脑血管病的机理。②方法应用ＵＢＩ治疗光化学脑梗塞家兔动物模型，检测治疗前后血浆超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性、血浆脂质过氧化物代谢产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量、红细胞变形性和红细胞膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性的变化。③结果经ＵＢＩ治疗后，实验组红细胞变形性较治疗前明显增强（ｔ＝３．６７，Ｐ＜０．０５），红细胞膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶的活性较治疗前显著升高（ｔ＝２．６５，Ｐ＜０．０５）；实验组血浆ＭＤＡ含量较对照组显著降低（ｔ＝２．５２，Ｐ＜０．０５）；红细胞膜Ｎａ~＋－Ｋ~＋－ＡＴＰ酶的活性明显升高（ｔ＝２．１５，Ｐ＜０．０５）。④结论该疗法能增强机体的抗氧化能力，减轻自由基对组织的损伤作用，改善红细胞变形性，从而改善脑组织的血液供应，有助于缺血性脑血管病的恢复。     

牛磺酸对荷S_（180）小鼠的抑瘤作用

①目的研究牛磺酸对Ｓ１８０肉瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及对肿瘤化疗的协同效应。②方法将小鼠分为饮水（对照组）和牛磺酸（实验组）两组，各组又分为不予治疗和进行化疗两组。接种Ｓ１８０肉瘤后，观察小鼠的存活时间、肉瘤大小及抑瘤率，并观察牛磺酸的抑瘤作用及与化疗是否具有协同效应。③结果在接种肿瘤后，对照组的存活时间与瘤重分别为１８．７±５．６ｄ和４．５４±２．４０ｇ，实验组则分别为３５．７±２３．７ｄ及２．４４±３．３３ｇ．在接种瘤细胞的第２天，腹腔一次性注射环磷酰胺后，对照组生存天数和瘤重分别为２９．８±１２．３ｄ和４．１７±３．２ｇ，而实验组生长到６１ｄ时仍无死亡者，也未见到肉眼肿块，两组间差异有极显著性（ｔ＝７．６２，Ｐ＜０．０１）。④结论牛磺酸能抑制肿瘤的生长，对化疗效果有协同效应。     

脑梗塞病人红细胞变形能力变化及其机制探讨

①目的探讨脑梗塞病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）变化的机制。②方法检测了３２例脑梗塞病人和３５例健康查体者ＥＤ，同时测定了红细胞内钙、镁浓度及红细胞膜Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ，Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ和Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性。③结果脑梗塞病人红细胞滤过指数（ＦＩ）和红细胞内Ｃａ２＋浓度明显高于对照组（ｔ＝８．０７，１６．０８，Ｐ＜０．０１），红细胞膜Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ和Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显低于对照组（ｔ＝４．０４，１１．９２，Ｐ＜０．０１），红细胞内Ｍｇ２＋浓度及红细胞膜Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性与对照组相比无显著差异（ｔ＝０．３８，１．８３，Ｐ＞０．０５）。④结论红细胞内Ｃａ２＋浓度增高及红细胞膜Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性降低可能是导致脑梗塞病人ＥＤ降低的主要因素之一     

高压氧对家兔心肌血流量的影响

目的观察高压氧（ＨＢＯ）对家兔心肌血流量的影响,并探讨其机理。②方法应用放射性核素标记蛙红细胞（９９ｍＴｃ－ＦＲＢＣ）作为示踪剂,解剖家兔,经左心耳注入示踪剂,将实验组家兔置于２０２．６５ｋＰａ高压氧环境下,呼吸纯氧１ｈ;对照组家兔则置于常压下１ｈ,观察家兔心肌血流量变化。③结果实验组家兔左心室壁血流量为（２．７４±１．３６）ｍＬ·ｇ－１／ｍｉｎ,右心室壁心肌血流量为（２．３９±１．２３）ｍＬ·ｇ－１／ｍｉｎ,室间隔血流量为（２．８６±１．４８）ｍＬ·ｇ－１／ｍｉｎ,均明显低于对照组（ｔ＝２．３９～２．６６,Ｐ均＜０．０５）。④结论在高压氧状态下家兔心肌血流量减小。     

牛磺酸对大鼠杏仁核点燃进程的抑制作用

①目的观察牛磺酸对大鼠杏仁核点燃进程的影响。②方法将杏仁核植入电极的大鼠分为生理盐水组（对照组）和牛磺酸组，对照组脑室内注射生理盐水，牛磺酸组脑室内注射牛磺酸，注射容积均为每只２０μｌ，电刺激大鼠右侧杏仁核，每天１次，记录脑电和后放电时间，观察大鼠癫痫发作表现。③结果对照组大鼠在１３．２±４．２次被全部点燃，而牛磺酸组仅２只被点燃，两组点燃大发作率差异有显著性（Ｐ＝０．００３５）。此时停止给牛磺酸，继续刺激未被点燃的大鼠，最终在２１．９±７．２次被点燃，两组间差异有显著性（ｔ＝２．９５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。④结论牛磺酸对大鼠杏仁核点燃进程有抑制作用     

体外循环脂质过氧化对红细胞钙的影响

①目的研究体外循环中脂质过氧化对红细胞钙的影响。②方法对行体外循环的病儿分别于转流前、转流３ｍｉｎ，转流结束、转流后２ｈ，２４ｈ采抗凝血。测定血浆及红细胞膜过氧化脂质、红细胞钙、红细胞膜Ｃａ２＋，Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶和Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性。③结果转流３ｍｉｎ时血浆和红细胞膜过氧化脂质即增高，转流结束达到高峰（ｔ＝３．５２７，２．９２１，Ｐ均＜０．０１）；转流开始红细胞钙即升高（ｔ＝２．９３７，Ｐ＜０．０１），转流结束后２ｈ达到高峰（ｔ＝３．４２６，Ｐ＜０．０１）；红细胞膜Ｃａ２＋，Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶和Ｎａ＋，Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性转流３ｍｉｎ时暂时性升高后迅速降低，转流结束后２ｈ达最低点（ｔ＝２．８１６，２．８５２，Ｐ均＜０．０１）。转流结束后２４ｈ除红细胞钙仍高于转流前（ｔ＝２．０２８，Ｐ＜０．０５）外，其它各值均恢复正常。④结论氧自由基介导的脂质过氧化损伤是体外循环中红细胞钙超负荷的重要原因之一。     

葡萄糖－6－磷酸脱氢酶缺乏时红细胞膜氧化性变化

用荧光分光法测定红细胞膜过氧化脂质（ＭＤＡ），同时用荧光偏振法，以疏水性荧光探剂１，６－二苯基－１，３．５－己三烯（ＤＰＨ）标记正常人及葡萄糖－６－磷酸脱氢酶（Ｇ６ＰＤ）缺乏者的红细胞膜脂区，测定０℃和９０℃的偏振荧光，膜流动性以荧光偏振度表示。结果发现：Ｇ６ＰＤ缺乏时红细胞膜ＭＤＡ含量（１．４８±０．０９５）及荧光偏振度（０．２６３３±０．００４３）明显高于正常（０．３８２±０．０７２及Ｏ２２６１±０．００６９），Ｐ均＜０．０１．即红细胞膜有序程度增高，流动性降低结果提示，Ｇ６ＰＤ缺乏时红细胞膜发生了氧化性损伤，红细胞膜ＭＤＡ含量增加，膜流动性下降，膜ＭＤＡ含量与流动性下降相关．这可能是引起溶血的一个重要原因。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.