中国人群高血压病、糖尿病及冠心病与载脂蛋白E基因多态性

目的：研究载脂蛋白E（ApoE)基因多态性与中国人群高血压病（EH）、非胰岛素依赖性糖尿（NIDDM）及冠心病（CHD）的关联。方法：250例呈不同组合的患及90例正常对照用聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性（PCR－RFLP）方法检测ApoE基因型，比较基因型及等位基因频率分布。结果：（1）NIDDM及EH组ApoE基因型及等位基因频率与正常对照无显差异；（2）CHD组无论是否并EH及／或NIDDM，ε3／3基因型及ε3等位基因频率均显低于正常对照，而ε3／4基因型及ε4等位基因频率均显主于正常对照；（3）NIDDM合并 CHD组及EH合并CHD组中ε3／3基因型及ε等位基因频率均显低于正常对照，而ε3／4基因型及ε4等位基因频率均显高于正常对照。结论：ApoE基因多态性与中国人群CHD相关。这种关联亦见于EH或NIDDM合并CHD中，但ApoE基因仅是CHD发病的遗传学基础，而与是否合并EH及／或NIDDM无关。     

高脂血症患者载脂蛋白E基因测序分布及其与血脂谱改变的关系

目的 探讨高脂血症患者载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因分布及其与血脂谱改变的关系.方法 采用全序列基因测序法检测212例高脂血症患者(高脂血症组)和100例健康体检者(对照组)的ApoE基因型,检测高脂血症患者血脂水平并分析其与ApoE基因多态性的相关性.结果 两组人群共检出6种基因型,分别是E2/2、E3/3、E4/4、E2/3、E2/4和E3/4;高脂血症患者E3/3基因型及ε3等位基因频率低于健康体检者,E3/4基因型及ε4等位基因频率高于健康体检者(P＜0.01);E3/4+E4/4基因型患者的总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平明显高于E3/3和E2/2+E2/3基因型者,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平明显低于E2/2+E2/3基因型者,E3/3基因型患者的LDL-C水平明显高于E2/2+E2/3基因型者,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 ApoE基因型多态性与高脂血症存在一定的相关性,含ε4等位基因者具有更为明显的脂代谢紊乱特点.     

ApoE基因多态性与血脂、氧化低密度脂蛋白、糖尿病足的相关性分析

目的:评价载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性与血脂、氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)及2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者发生糖尿病足(DF)的相关性,为DF的早期基因诊断提供循证医学的证据。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性检测70例T2DM患者(40例DF患者,30例无慢性并发症患者)和48例健康对照者的ApoE基因多态性,比较T2DM患者中并发DF(DF组)与无慢性并发症DM(DM对照组)患者及健康组的Apo E基因型分布和等位基因频率,并利用Logisitic回归分析ApoE基因多态性与DF之间的相关性。结果:DF组ε3/4基因型和ε4等位基因均高于其他两组;ε2/4、ε3/4两组TCH、LDL、oxLDL、HbA1C均明显高于ε2/3、ε3/3两组,HDL则低于上述两组;各等位基因之间比较:ε4组TCH、LDL、oxLDL、HbA1C均显著高于ε2、ε3两组,ε2组TG明显高于ε3、ε4两组;ε3/4基因型和ε4等位基因与发生DF明显相关。结论 ApoE基因多态性与T2DM患者DF的发生相关,基因型ε3/4和等位基因ε4可能是T2DM患者并发DF的危险因子,其机制可能通过血脂代谢紊乱及促进脂质氧化而影响DF的发生。     

ACE、ApoE基因多态性与高血压患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素转换酶（angiotensin converting enzyme，ACE）、载脂蛋白E（apolipoprotein E，ApoE）基因多态性与高血压患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性。方法 选取2019年1月至2022年2月浙江省中医院收治的180例高血压患者作为研究对象，根据其是否患有冠心病（coronary heart disease，CHD）分为对照组（n=85）和CHD组（n=95），同时根据冠状动脉造影结果将CHD组分为单支病变组（n=25）及多支病变组（n=70），统计并比较单支病变组与多支病变组ACE基因型、ApoE基因型与等位基因频率的分布，不同冠状动脉病变程度组别ACE基因多态性、ApoE基因多态性分布情况。结果 多支病变组ACE DD基因型频率和ACE D等位基因的频率均显著高于单支病变组（P<0.05）；多支病变组ACEⅡ和ACE ID基因型频率均显著低于ACE DD基因型（P<0.05）；多支病变组ACE D等位基因频率显著高于ACEⅠ等位基因（P<0.05）。多支病变组ApoE4等位基因频率显著高于单支病变组（P<0.05）；两组的ApoE2/E2、ApoE2/E3、ApoE2/E4、ApoE3/E4及ApoE4/E4基因型频率均显著低于同组ApoE3/E3基因型（P<0.05）；两组的ApoE2、ApoE4等位基因频率均显著低于同组ApoE3等位基因（P<0.05）。多支病变组ACE DD基因型频率和ACE D等位基因的频率均显著高于单支病变组（P<0.05）；多支病变组ACEⅡ和ACE ID基因型频率均显著低于ACE DD基因型（P<0.05）；多支病变组ACE D等位基因频率显著高于ACEⅠ等位基因（P<0.05）。3组不同冠状动脉病变程度组的ApoE2/E2、ApoE2/E3、ApoE2/E4、ApoE3/E4、ApoE4/E4的基因型频率均显著低于ApoE3/E3基因型（P<0.05）。结论 ACE、ApoE基因多态性与高血压患者冠状动脉病变范围及病变程度密切相关。     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与冠心病关系的研究

目的探讨ApoE基因多态性与冠心病(CHD)的相关关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)结合DNA直接银染技术,对正常群体、冠心病群体ApoE基因第4外显子进行分析。结果CHD组的ε4等位基因频率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而ε3等基因频率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论ε4等位基因是冠心病的遗传易患因子之一,ε3等位基因是冠心病的保护因子。     

血管紧张素原及载脂蛋白E基因多态性与冠心病关系的研究

目的：研究血管紧张素原(AGT)基因M235T多态性及载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性与中国人群冠心病的关联。方法:分别用PCR—RFLP技术检测了129例冠心病患者及90例健康人AGT及ApoE基因型。结果：(1)冠心病组ε3/4基因型及ε4等位基因频率显著高于健康对照组，ε3/3基因型及ε3等位基因频率则显著低于对照组;(2)AGT各基因型及等位基因频率在两组间无显著差异;(3)携带ε4等位基因的不同AGT基因型在两组间也无显著差异。结论:(1)ε4等位基因是冠心病的遗传易患因子；(2)AGT基因与冠心病发病无显著关联，与ApoE基因间也无协同作用。     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与脑白质疏松症的关系

目的探讨载脂蛋白E基因多态性与脑白质疏松症的关系.方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制片段长度多态性对50例脑白质疏松症患者和108例正常对照者载脂蛋白E基因型进行分析.结果脑白质疏松症患者ApoE2等位基因频率为0.15,明显高于对照组的0.074(P＜0.05);在脑白质疏松症患者中检测出携带有Apoε2/2纯合子基因者4例,携带有Apoε4/4纯合子基因者2例,高于对照组.结论载脂蛋白E2等位基因,尤其是ε2/2纯合子基因可能是脑白质疏松症的一种遗传易感因子.     

包头市肥胖儿童的ApoE基因多态性研究

目的:研究包头市肥胖儿童ApoE基因多态性.方法:从白细胞中提取基因组DNA,设计引物扩增ApoE基因,用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术分析其多态性.结果:本实验共检出4种ApoE基因型,分别是E3/3、E2/3、E3/4、E2/4,未检出E2/2、E4/4型;肥胖组与对照组等位基因ε2、ε3、ε4频率分布不均,ε3发生频率最高;与健康组儿童比较,肥胖组儿童ε4等位基因发生频率增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:ApoE基因多态性与儿童肥胖有一定关系.     

载脂蛋白B、载脂蛋白E及血管紧张素原基因多态性与冠心病的关系

目的探讨载脂蛋白B、E（ApoB、ApoE）基因及血管紧张素原基因（AGT）多态性与冠心病（CHD）的相关性。方法采用基因芯片技术分析89例CHD患者和78例非CHD患者的ApoBXbaI、ApoEl12／158及AGTM235T基因多态性及等位基因频率。结果CHD组ApoBXbaI、ApoEl12／158及AGTM235T基因型分布与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。CHD组的Apo BXba I的X^＋ X^＋基因型及等位基因X’频率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,ApoE112／158的ε^4/、ε^4/4基因型及等位基因￡。频率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）;CHD组AGT—TT基因型频率及T等位基因频率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论ApoBXbaI、ApoEll2／158和AGTM235T的基因多态性可能是中国人CHD的危险因素。ApoB Xba I等位基因X^＋;ApoE112／158的等位基因ε^4和AGT M235T基因的T等位基因是CHD的重要遗传标记。     

湿热体质与平和体质原发性血脂异常者ApoE基因多态性研究

目的:研究中医湿热体质与平和体质血脂异常者载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法及基因测序技术检测30例湿热体质血脂异常者(实验组)和30例平和体质血脂异常者(对照组)的ApoE基因型和等位基因频率,分析两种体质与ApoE基因多态性的相关性。结果:(1)实验组中共检出五种基因型ε2/ε3、ε2/ε4、ε3/ε3、ε3/ε4、ε4/ε4,频率分别为:10%、10%、36.66%、16.67%、26.67%;对照组检出四种基因型ε2/ε3、ε2/ε4、ε3/ε3、ε3/ε4;频率分别为:13.33%、6.67%、66.67%、13.33%。在实验组中,以ε3/ε3基因型最多,其次为ε4/ε4基因型;对照组中也是以ε3/ε3基因型最多,其次为ε2/ε3、ε3/ε4基因型。本实验观察组和对照组均未检出ε2/ε2基因型。实验组人群ApoE等位基因频率为:ε2 10.00%、ε350.00%、ε4 40.00%;对照组人群ApoE等位基因频率为:ε2 10.00%、ε3 80.00%、ε4 10.00%。(2)实验组和对照组ApoE六种基因型和ApoE三种等位基因分布有差异,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组ApoE基因型ε4/ε4频率明显高于对照组(χ2=9.231,P<0.05);ε3/ε3频率明显低于对照组(χ2=5.406,P<0.05)。而ε2/ε3、ε2/ε4、ε3/ε4分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组ApoE等位基因ε4频率明显高于对照组(χ2=7.200,P<0.05);ε3频率明显低于对照组(χ2=5.934,P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论:原发性血脂异常平和质和湿热质者在ApoE基因型和等位基因分布上有差异。ApoE基因型ε4/ε4和等位基因ε4具有更明显的湿热体质倾向,可能更易于形成湿热体质血脂异常或其与湿热体质血脂异常关联的可能性大。ApoE基因型ε3/ε3和等位基因ε3具有更明显的平和质倾向,可能更易于形成平和质血脂异常或其与平和质血脂异常关联的可能性大。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.