新型远端回编血流导向装置治疗颅内小型未破裂动脉瘤的初步经验

目的初步探讨新型远端回编血流导向装置治疗颅内小型未破裂动脉瘤的安全性和有效性。方法前瞻性纳入2021年7—10月海军军医大学第一附属医院脑血管病中心收治的22例颅内小型(最大直径<10 mm)宽颈未破裂动脉瘤患者(共22个动脉瘤), 均采用新型远端回编血流导向装置治疗。采用Raymond分级评估手术即刻和随访期间动脉瘤的闭塞情况。随访方法包括临床和影像学随访。主要有效性终点为术后12个月动脉瘤的完全闭塞(Raymond Ⅰ级)率;安全性终点为术后12个月靶动脉供应区域新发卒中或神经源性死亡的发生率。结果 22例患者的动脉瘤瘤颈均被血流导向装置(共23枚)完全覆盖, 且贴壁良好。所有患者均完成12个月的影像学和临床随访, 18例(81.8%)患者达到主要有效性终点事件, 无一例发生靶动脉供应区域新发卒中或神经源性死亡事件。结论初步研究表明, 新型远端回编血流导向装置在治疗颅内小型未破裂动脉瘤方面具有较高的安全性和有效性。     

血流导向装置治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效分析

目的 探讨血流导向装置治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2019年5月至2021年4月行Pipeline Flex血流导向装置治疗的53例（68个动脉瘤）的颅内动脉瘤的临床资料。结果 53例68个动脉瘤,共置入60枚PED,技术成功率为100%。40例54个动脉瘤单纯应用PED治疗,术后即刻造影显示动脉瘤内造影剂明显滞留48个,无明显滞留6个;13例（14个动脉瘤）联合应用PED和弹簧圈栓塞,术后即刻造影均致密栓塞。围手术期总并发症发生率为7.5%（4/53）。53例临床随访6~28个月（中位数12个月）;末次随访时,47例未破裂动脉瘤预后良好（mRS评分≤2分）;6例破裂动脉瘤中,预后良好2例,mRS评分3分1例,4分1例,死亡2例。46例DSA随访4~8个月（中位数6个月）,动脉瘤完全闭塞率为67.9%。22例（28个动脉瘤）DSA随访9~18个月（中位数12个月）,动脉瘤完全闭塞率为85.7%,无动脉瘤复发。结论 血流导向装置治疗颅内动脉瘤总体安全、有效,但对颅内破裂动脉瘤的安全性仍需进一步研究。     

血流导向装置一期治疗颅内多发动脉瘤的临床分析

目的 探讨血流导向装置一期治疗颅内多发动脉瘤的安全性及疗效。方法 回顾性分析连续纳入的2019年1月-2021年4月在郑州大学附属郑州中心医院行Pipeline flex血流导向装置(Pipeline flex embolization device,PED)治疗的有2个及2个以上动脉瘤患者的临床资料,记录其围手术期并发症,评估动脉瘤闭塞情况及临床预后; 动脉瘤闭塞情况采用O'Kelly-Marotta(OKM)分级评估,临床预后采用改良Rankin量表(Modified Rankin scale,mRS)评价。结果 14例患者共32个动脉瘤,均一期行PED治疗; 1例破裂串联动脉瘤患者联合弹簧圈栓塞,术中出现支架内血栓形成,给予替罗非班注射液动脉灌注后恢复血流,术后出现载瘤动脉供血区梗死,术后2周动脉瘤再次破裂出血死亡; 13例未破裂动脉瘤患者均采用单纯PED治疗,围手术期均未出现明显并发症; 随访术后脑血管造影(Digital subtraction angiography,DSA)检查12例患者共27个动脉瘤,中位随访10个月(6～20个月),动脉瘤完全闭塞率74.1%(20/27),支架内无症状性再狭窄1例; 临床随访13例患者,中位随访12个月(6～30个月),均预后良好(mRS 0～2分)。结论 血流导向装置一期治疗未破裂多发性动脉瘤是安全、有效的,但仍需进一步大样本研究。     

血流导向装置治疗复杂颅内动脉瘤的并发症分析

目的探讨血流导向装置(FD)治疗复杂颅内动脉瘤的并发症情况。方法连续纳入自2018年7月至2021年6月就诊于桂林医学院第二附属医院脑血管病科并采用FD治疗的60例复杂颅内动脉瘤患者为研究对象, 回顾性收集患者的临床及影像资料, 并记录其并发症发生情况, 包括术中不良事件、术后早期并发症、随访期并发症及覆盖分支动脉闭塞情况等。结果 60例患者共植入61枚FD(Pipeline Flex 47枚、Tubridge 10枚、Surpass Streamline 4枚), 术中不良事件发生率为8.3%(5/60), 其中支架不完全贴壁3例、术中出血1例、支架未覆盖动脉瘤瘤颈1例;术后早期并发症发生率为6.7%(4/60), 其中出血性并发症3例、缺血性并发症1例。54例患者完成DSA随访[随访时长为(22.7±16.8)个月], 动脉瘤完全治愈率为83.3%(45/54)。术后6个月首次DSA随访时支架内再狭窄发生率为7.4%(4/54), 其中2例分别于术后2年、3年进展为载瘤动脉闭塞。54例患者术中FD共覆盖78条分支动脉, 末次DSA随访时仅观察到1条(1.3%)分支动脉闭塞, 但未引...     

颅内动脉瘤Pipeline血流导向装置置入术后迟发性支架移位1例

颅内动脉瘤Pipeline血流导向装置置入术后迟发性支架移位是一种相对少见的并发症, 国内外相关文献报道较少。本文报道1例大型未破裂颅内动脉瘤患儿置入Pipeline血流导向装置术后5个月复查发现支架近端移位至动脉瘤内, 遂即予以闭塞载瘤动脉, 术后无手术相关并发症。3个月随访显示, 患儿恢复良好。     

血流导向装置治疗颅内大型未破裂动脉瘤的临床疗效分析

目的探讨血流导向装置(FD)治疗颅内大型未破裂动脉瘤的安全性及疗效。方法回顾性分析郑州大学人民医院(河南省人民医院)脑血管介入科2015年2月至2019年7月应用FD(Pipeline+Tubridge)治疗的颅内大型(最大径≥10 mm)未破裂动脉瘤患者的临床资料,共92例(95个动脉瘤)。采用改良Rankin量表评分(mRS)标准评价临床预后,采用O′Kelly-Marotta(OKM)分级标准评估动脉瘤闭塞情况;采用多因素logistic回归分析方法分析影响术后6个月动脉瘤完全闭塞的相关因素。结果92例患者95个动脉瘤共置入101枚FD,手术成功率为100%。术后神经系统并发症发生率为4.3%(4/92),其中缺血性1例,出血性2例(死亡1例),术后出现烦躁等症状1例。77例患者获临床随访,中位随访时间为12(1~51)个月。至末次随访,mRS 0分70例,1分5例,2分、3分各1例。55例患者(56个动脉瘤)行影像学随访,末次中位随访时间为6(3~29)个月,动脉瘤完全闭塞(OKM分级D级)40个(71.4%,40/56),支架内狭窄的发生率为7.1%(4/56)。52例患者(53个动脉瘤)6个月随访时动脉瘤完全闭塞34个(64.2%,34/53),支架内狭窄的发生率为7.5%(4/53)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,联合弹簧圈填塞是术后6个月时动脉瘤完全闭塞的独立影响因素(OR=8.98,95%CI:1.87~43.22,P=0.006)。结论FD治疗颅内大型未破裂动脉瘤的手术成功率高,安全性好,但应警惕严重并发症的发生;联合弹簧圈填塞可促进动脉瘤完全闭塞。     

血管内治疗椎动脉V4段梭型动脉瘤的疗效分析

目的探讨血管内治疗椎动脉V4段梭型动脉瘤的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析昆明医科大学第二附属医院脑血管病科自2016年5月至2022年1月经血管内治疗的25例椎动脉V4段梭型动脉瘤患者资料。评估患者术后短期(1个月内)及远期(>8个月)并发症发生情况, 包括动脉瘤再出血、缺血性脑卒中等。所有患者随访3～21个月, 复查DSA评估动脉瘤复发情况及载瘤动脉情况, 以末次随访时改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分评价患者预后, mRS评分0～2分为预后良好。结果 25例患者共26个动脉瘤, 其中破裂动脉瘤13个, 未破裂动脉瘤13个。7个动脉瘤位于优势椎动脉, 7个动脉瘤累及小脑后下动脉(PICA)。13个破裂动脉瘤中6个采用弹簧圈闭塞动脉瘤及病变段血管, 7个采取支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞。13个未破裂动脉瘤中9个采用支架辅助栓塞, 4个采用Tubridge血流导向装置植入术。16个支架辅助栓塞动脉瘤中7个采用了双支架叠加辅助技术。所有患者术后短期及远期均未出现出血、缺血性脑卒中等并发症。20例患者完成DSA随访, 中位随访时间8个月, 3例动脉瘤复发, 1例出现无症状性支架内血管闭塞。25例...     

腔内支架植入术治疗椎动脉闭塞

目的 探讨腔内支架植入术治疗椎动脉闭塞的有效性及安全性.方法 对5例椎动脉闭塞的患者,经CTA和血管造影证实其闭塞部位及长度,然后实施球囊扩张支架成形术治疗.结果 5例患者共植入7枚支架,均无严重并发症发生.患者脑缺血症状彻底改善,6个月及1年随访TCD血流速度正常,1例DSA随访出现再狭窄但<20%.结论 球囊扩张支架成形治疗对于椎动脉闭塞是安全、有效的方法.但对于较长段闭塞的成功率,有待于进一步的探索研究.而如何有效防止血栓的脱落也是需要关注的问题.     

血管内支架技术治疗破裂的椎动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的 评价血管内支架技术治疗破裂的椎动脉夹层动脉瘤的安全性及有效性. 方法 回顾性分析第三军医大学西南医院神经外科自2004年7月至2007年1月收治的采用支架技术治疗的9例椎动脉夹层动脉瘤患者的临床资料,其中3例行单纯支架植入术,6例行支架辅助微弹簧圈栓塞术. 结果 9例患者均在首次治疗中成功植入支架或行支架辅助微弹簧圈栓塞术,椎动脉均保留通畅,无动脉瘤破裂、血栓形成等并发症发生.所有患者获4～39个月临床随访,随访过程中无再出血表现.6例患者获3～18个月造影随访,其中2例行支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术者随访发现动脉瘤再通或增大,再次行血管内孤立术及椎动脉近端闭塞术;2例行单纯支架植入术者随访造影示动脉瘤闭塞;另1例不全闭塞. 结论 血管内支架技术能保存患侧椎动脉畅通,是一种安全有效的治疗方法,但术后应严密随访,远期疗效仍有待进一步观察.     

不同介入方法治疗颅内大型或巨大型动脉瘤的单中心经验

目的 评价不同介入方法治疗颅内大型或巨大型动脉瘤的有效性、并发症发生率以及预后情况。 方法 回顾性分析第二军医大学附属长海医院神经外科自2001年1月～2010年12月采用不同介入方法治疗的134例颅内大型或巨大型动脉瘤患者的临床资料,按患者接受介入治疗方法不同分为4组,其中载瘤动脉闭塞术11例,单纯弹簧圈栓塞20例,支架辅助下弹簧圈栓塞78例,血流导向装置治疗25例,随访时间6～44个月。影像学结果依据改良Raymond评分,临床症状依据改良Rankin量表（modified Rankin Scale,mRS）评分系统评价,分别评价4组患者出院时的预后良好率、末次随访时动脉瘤的治愈率、复发率,预后良好率及手术并发症情况。 结果 载瘤动脉闭塞组出院时的预后良好率是100%,单纯弹簧圈栓塞组为70%,支架辅助弹簧圈组为91%,而血流导向装置组为100%,四组间差异具有显著性（P=0.0030）。载瘤动脉闭塞组末次随访时治愈率是63.6%,单纯弹簧圈栓塞组为5.6%,支架辅助弹簧圈组为37.2%,而血流导向装置组为72%,四组间差异具有显著性（P=0.0002）。载瘤动脉闭塞组末次随访时的复发率为0%,单纯弹簧圈栓塞组为83.3%,支架辅助弹簧圈组为30.8%,而血流导向装置组为0%,四组间差异具有显著性（P＜0.0001）。载瘤动脉闭塞组末次随访时预后良好率为100%,单纯弹簧圈组为75%,支架辅助弹簧圈组为90%,血流导向装置组为100%,四组间差异具有显著性（P=0.0209）。载瘤动脉闭塞组并发症发生率为27.3%,单纯弹簧圈组为30%,支架辅助弹簧圈组为14.1%,血流导向装置组为0%,四组间差异无显著性（P=0.0650）。 结论 在颅内大型或巨大型动脉瘤的介入治疗中,单纯弹簧圈栓塞复发率高,支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞可降低复发率,载瘤动脉闭塞组预后良好率及复发率满意,但并发症发生率偏高,血流导向装置的初步临床结果令人满意。     

Treatment of intracranial aneurysms using the new Surpass Evolve flow diverter: Safety outcomes and six-month imaging follow-up

Background and purposeSeveral studies have reported good long-term results in the occlusion of intracranial aneurysms with flow diverter treatment. The aim of this study was to report the safety and six-month follow-up outcomes using the new Surpass Evolve flow diverter in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.Materials and methodsConsecutive patients with intracranial aneurysm treated with Surpass Evolve flow diverter in two high-volume neurovascular centers between May 2019 and January 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Procedure-related complications, aneurysm occlusion (O’Kelly-Marotta grading scale), and clinical outcomes were assessed.ResultsTwenty-nine patients with 30 aneurysms were included in the study. Favorable aneurysm occlusion (O’Kelly Marotta grading scale C-D) at six-month follow-up was achieved in 21/27 (78%) aneurysms. No clinical procedure related thromboembolic complications were encountered. Twenty-three out of 24 patients with unruptured aneurysms treated with Surpass Evolve remained clinically intact at clinical follow-up. There was one fatal hemorrhagic procedure-related complication (3%). In five patients with ruptured aneurysms, no early or late rebleeds occurred from the aneurysms.ConclusionsSurpass Evolve FD worked technically well with no intraprocedural thromboembolic complications and occlusion rates comparable to other FDs.     

106例颅内复杂动脉瘤的支架应用

目的 总结血管内支架技术辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤的疗效，探讨其技术要点、并发症防治及评估该技术的安全性。方法 回顾性分析106例颅内复杂动脉瘤血管内支架技术应用。单纯支架技术6例，一期支架辅助弹簧圈治疗动脉瘤59例，二期支架结合弹簧圈栓塞动脉瘤40例，一期治疗病例中，先放微导管后放支架28例，先放支架后放微导管31例。结果 106例患者宽颈动脉瘤60例，梭形动脉瘤25例、夹层动脉瘤15例、假性动脉瘤6例。支架无法到位1例，105例第一次栓塞术后即时造影动脉瘤完全栓塞70例(66．7％)，动脉瘤大部分栓塞35例(33．3％)。术中动脉瘤破裂3例，术后脑梗塞4例，支架移位4例。80例3个月至24个月造影随访，动脉瘤消失50例(62．5％)，部分残留30例(37．5％)，其中20例行再次弹簧圈栓塞，完全栓塞15例(75％)。80例两次完全栓塞共65例(82．5％)。临床随访105例病人死亡1例，术后遗留永久性神经功能障碍2例。结论 支架技术辅助微弹簧圈栓塞提高了颅内复杂动脉瘤的近期疗效，是治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤的一种有效方法，但长期疗效尚有待进一步的随访研究。     

Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的初步应用

目的初步探讨Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析2020年8—12月郑州大学人民医院神经外科应用Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的64例颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者(67个动脉瘤)的临床资料。其中10例患者(12个动脉瘤)同时采用尾端套叠式"Y"型支架技术治疗。术后3个月进行临床随访,采用改良Rankin量表评分(mRS)评估患者的临床预后。术后5~6个月复查数字减影血管造影(DSA),采用Raymond分级评估动脉瘤的闭塞情况。结果67个动脉瘤置入的74枚Neuroform Atlas支架均成功释放,术中发生操作相关并发症1例。67个动脉瘤的术后即刻DSA显示,56个(83.6%)动脉瘤完全闭塞(RaymondⅠ级),4个(6.0%)动脉瘤瘤颈残留(RaymondⅡ级),7个(10.4%)动脉瘤瘤体残留(RaymondⅢ级)。术后1例患者因脑疝死亡,2例发生脑梗死。术后失访3例,60例患者完成3个月随访,其中mRS 0分53例,1分4例,2分2例,3分1例。术后5~6个月,53例患者(55个动脉瘤)完成影像学随访,其中动脉瘤闭塞达RaymondⅠ级50个(90.9%),Ⅱ级2个(3.6%),Ⅲ级3个(5.5%),且均未发现支架内狭窄或迟发性血栓事件。结论初步发现,Neuroform Atlas支架辅助弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤具有较高的闭塞率和较低的并发症发生率,有效性及安全性均较好。     

Flow Diversion for Acutely Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Treatment: A Retrospective Study and Literature Review

ObjectiveFlow diversion is becoming an increasingly established practice for the treatment of acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms. In this study the authors present a literature review and meta-analysis, adding a retrospective review of institutional registry on emergency treatment of aRIA with flow diverter stent.Materials and methodsA systematic search of PubMed, SCOPUS, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid EMBASE was performed on April 20^th, 2021, extrapolating 35 articles. R language ‘meta’ and ‘metafor’ packages were used for data pooling. The DerSimonian-Laird model was used to calculate the pooled effect. The I² value and Q statistic evaluated study heterogeneity. Additionally, the authors retrospectively reviewed their institutional database for the treatment and outcomes of all patients with acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms treated with flow diverter stent placement from May 2010 to November 2020 was performed.ResultsFrom the systematic literature review and meta-analysis, the pooled proportion of complete aneurysm occlusion was 78%, with a pooled rate of 79%, 71%, 80%, and 50% for dissecting, saccular, fusiform, and mycotic aneurysms, respectively. The pooled proportion of aneurysm rebleeding and intrastent stenosis was 12% and 15% respectively, for a total of 27% rate. The analysis of authors retrospective register showed an overall mortality rate of 16.7% (3/18), with a low but not negligible postprocedural rebleeding and intrastent thrombosis rates (5.6% and 11.1% respectively).ConclusionAlthough increasingly utilized in the management of selected patients with acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms, flow diversion for acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms treatment presents rebleeding and intrastent stenosis rates not negligible.     

症状性颅内动脉狭窄的支架治疗

目的探讨Wingspan支架治疗症状性颅内动脉狭窄的安全性、可行性和临床疗效。方法应用Wingspan支架治疗90例症状性颅内动脉狭窄患者,观察其手术技术成功率、围手术期并发症,以及术后6个月时脑血管造影显示的支架内再狭窄率。结果 90例患者手术技术成功率约为98.92%(92/93)。术前平均狭窄率为(83.42±9.53)%,术后残余狭窄率为(21.82±9.86)%,手术前后比较差异具有统计学意义(t=3.280,P=0.002)。共5例发生围手术期并发症,约占5.56%(5/90),3例死亡;术后6个月时再狭窄发生率约为19.10%(17/89)。结论 Wingspan支架植入术治疗症状性颅内动脉狭窄具有较高的手术技术成功率、较低的手术并发症及较好的近期疗效,尚待进一步观察患者远期疗效。     

Endovascular treatment of symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis with low profile visualized intraluminal support stent

ObjectiveSevere intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis has become one of the main causes resulting transient ischemic attack and stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS) stent in treating symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.MethodsData of 31 patients with at least 70% stenosis treated with LVIS stent in our center were retrospectively collected between July 2017 and November 2020. Further evaluation of lesion characteristics, technical success rate, preoperative complication, clinical and angiographic follow-up outcome, delayed in-stent stenosis were conducted.ResultsStent delivery and deployment were successfully achieved in all 31 patients (100%). 22 cases (71%) were located in anterior circulation and 9 cases (29%) were located in posterior circulation. The mean degree of stenosis lesion before stent deployment was 85.6 ± 9.4%, while after stenting was 11.2 ± 11.8%. One patient suffered from ischemic complication in stenting procedure, and timely delivery of rt-PA successfully recanalized the artery. Clinical follow-up was available in all 31patients (100%) with mean follow-up time 15.0 ± 12.1(3–45) months. No patients experienced the recurrence of stroke or TIA or death after discharge. Angiographic follow-up was available in 21patients (67.7%) with mean follow-up time 11.43 ± 6.8 (6–36) months. 19 patients (90.5%) were stable while 2 patients (9.5%) developed ISR in their last angiographic follow-up. The 2 patients received balloon angioplasty and reached satisfactory results after retreatment.ConclusionThis preliminary study suggests that LVIS stent deployment was a feasible approach in treating intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis with satisfactory procedure success rate, low complication rate and favorable long-term outcome.     

The SILK flow diverter in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms

The SILK flow diverter (SFD; Balt Extrusion, Montmorency, France) is a flow diverting stent used in the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. It works on the principle of redirecting flow away from the aneurysm sac, leading to occlusion over time. We present a systematic review on the clinical outcomes and complications of the SFD. A literature search for English language articles were conducted on PubMed, Medline and EMBASE for articles on the treatment of intracranial aneurysms with the SILK flow diverter. The inclusion criteria were n > 10, use of SFD only, data on complications and aneurysm occlusion rate (AOR). Eight studies with 285 patients and 317 intracranial aneurysms were included. The mean age was 52.7 years and nearly 80% were women. In terms of angiographic distribution, 86.8% of aneurysms were located in the anterior circulation and 13.2% in the posterior circulation. As for the aneurysm size, 37.9% were classed as small, 44.4% as large and 17.7% as giant. Ischemic complications and parent artery occlusion each occurred in 10% of patients. Aneurysm rupture rate was 3.5%, while the cumulative mortality was 4.9%. The main outcome measure, 12 month AOR, was 81.8% with complete occlusion in 216 out of 264 aneurysms. Use of flow diverters for the treatment of intracranial aneurysm with complex morphologies has gained in popularity over the last few years. Our review suggests that SFD achieves comparable AOR to its contemporary, the Pipeline Embolization Device (ev3 Endovascular, Plymouth, MN, USA) but has a higher rate of higher rate of ischemic complications, aneurysm rupture and mortality.     

Neuroform和弹簧圈治疗梭形及宽颈颅内动脉瘤

目的 报告应用Neuroform支架治疗颅内宽颈和梭形动脉瘤的治疗结果.方法 15例病人17个梭形及宽颈颅内动脉瘤,分别位于颈内动脉8个,椎动脉5个,基底动脉顶端1个,大脑中动脉1个,大脑后动脉1个,小脑后下动脉1个.所有的病例,球囊再塑形技术术前均认为存在困难,均使用支架结合弹簧圈栓塞.动脉瘤直径在4～30 mm之间.结果 所有病例支架均成功释放,均是先释放支架,再填弹簧圈.完全栓塞及次全栓塞(>95%)的有6例,部分栓塞的有9例.无围手术期脑卒中及死亡,10例病人获得随访,病人神经状况均良好,平均随访时间是(6.2±3.2)个月.结论 使用Neuroform支架治疗首发及复发的梭形及宽颈颅内动脉瘤是安全,有效的.未发现与释放支架相关的长期神经系统并发症.大部分病例在短期随访中载瘤动脉瘤通畅,栓塞部位稳定.