中青年冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入术后处于长期康复期患者的恐动症现状及其影响因素分析

目的 了解中青年冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后处于长期康复期患者的恐动症现状及其影响因素。方法 选取102例中青年冠心病PCI术后处于长期康复期的患者作为调查对象,采用中文版心脏病患者运动恐惧量表(TSK-Heart-C)对患者进行调查,分析患者恐动症现状及其影响因素。结果 102例患者TSK-Heart-C得分为(29.94±7.62)分,处于中等水平。不同性别、工作状态、婚姻状况、经济收入、文化程度、体质指数、居住地、高血压病史情况的患者TSK-Heart-C得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,性别、高血压病史、文化程度是中青年冠心病PCI术后患者恐动症程度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 中青年冠心病PCI术后处于长期康复期患者的恐动症程度处于中等水平,性别、高血压病史、文化程度是其恐动症程度的影响因素。     

急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后老年患者心脏康复早期生活空间现状及影响因素研究

背景　急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）后存在诸多并发症，尤其是术后心脏康复早期，医护人员应对该阶段患者进行跟踪。生活空间能反映术后心脏康复情况，但目前PCI后生活空间的研究较少。目的　分析急诊PCI前后患者生活空间变化及术后生活空间的影响因素。方法　采用便利抽样法，选取2018年1月-2019年1月在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院行急诊PCI的119名患者为研究对象。采用一般资料及疾病信息采集表、中国老年人生活空间评价量表（LSA-C）、冠心病自我管理行为量表（CSMS）对其进行调查，并于患者出院后6个月进行电话随访。采用Pearson相关性分析探讨CSMS得分与LSA-C得分的相关性，采用多元线性回归分析探讨急诊PCI后患者LSA-C总分的影响因素。结果　不同文化程度、常住地、既往病史（高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病）、是否首次PCI情况的PCI后患者LSA-C总分比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。急诊PCI后卧室外活动、小区内活动、小区附近街道或村镇活动得分及LSA-C总分高于PCI前，本市其他街道或村镇活动得分低于PCI前（P<0.05）。日常生活管理、疾病医学管理、情绪管理得分及CSMS总分与室外公寓大楼内活动、小区内活动、本市其他街道或村镇活动得分及LSA-C总分均呈正相关（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，CSMS总分（β=1.287）、既往高血压（β=-4.515）是急诊PCI后患者LSA-C总分的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论　急诊PCI后生活空间得分高于PCI前，主要为中小范围活动得分有所提升，大范围活动仍受限。自我管理能力低、既往有高血压是急诊PCI后老年患者生活空间恢复的危险因素。     

早期心脏康复护理对急诊PCI术后患者心功能及生活质量的影响

目的 探讨早期心脏康复护理在急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)术后患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年4月至2021年2月在商丘市第一人民医院接受经桡动脉行急诊PCI治疗的急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者139例为研究对象,并将其分为对照组(70例)、干预组(69例)。给予对照组常规护理,干预组在此基础上接受早期心脏康复护理干预。比较两组患者心功能及生活质量评分。结果 接受早期心脏康复护理干预的急诊PCI术后患者心功能评估(左心室射血分数、左心室舒张末期内径、心输出量、每搏心输出量)结果与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。接受早期心脏康复护理干预的急诊PCI术后患者,出院1个月后生活质量4个维度(一般健康状况、生理职能、社会功能、生理机能)评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 早期心脏康复护理干预能提高急诊PCI术后患者生活质量,建议临床推广应用。     

术前心脏康复护理干预对ST-T段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊PCI术后心功能及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨术前心脏康复护理干预对ST-T段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)术后心功能及生活质量的影响.方法:2019年1月—2020年1月于郑州市第七人民医院行急诊PCI术的82例急性ST-T段抬高型心肌梗死患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各41例;对照组术前给予常规护理,观察者组术前给予早期心脏康复护理;对比两组患者6分钟步行实验(6MWT)、自理能力、心功能指标、生活质量.结果:两组患者术后7 d 6MWT、Barthel指数评分均较入院时升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05).观察组患者急诊PCI术后1个月左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)高于对照组(P<0.05),而室壁运动积分(WMSI)低于对照组(P<0.05).观察组患者急诊PCI术后1个月总体健康感、躯体疼痛、生理职能、生理功能、情感职能、社会功能、心理健康、活力指数高于对照组(P<0.05).结论:术前心脏康复护理干预可有效提高ST-T段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊PCI术后自理能力、心功能及生活质量.     

冠心病患者急诊PCI术后幽门螺杆菌感染的相关因素分析

目的 探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后冠心病患者幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染的特点和危险因素.方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年9月中国石油天然气集团公司中心医院收治的1 230例冠心病患者临床资料.将其中行急诊PCI术后HP阳性患者470例作为观察组,选取同期住院的未行PCI术HP阳性患者300例为对照组,两组患者入院后均常规使用阿司匹林及氯吡格雷进行抗血小板治疗.收集患者的临床资料,包括年龄、性别、质子泵抑制剂(PPI)药物的使用情况、相关病史(消化性溃疡、糖尿病、高血压、吸烟史).记录血脂、血肌酐值.分析患者HP感染的影响因素.结果 老年(≥65岁)、消化性溃疡病史、血肌酐升高、服用质子泵抑制剂经两组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).性别、吸烟、高血压、高血脂比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).Logistic多因素回归分析示服用PPI药物史是PCI术后HP感染的危险因素(P<0.05).结论 老年(≥65岁)、消化性溃疡病史、血肌酐升高、服用质子泵抑制剂是急诊PCI术后冠心病患者感染HP的危险因素,服用PPI药物史是急诊PCI术后冠心病患者感染HP的独立危险因素.     

Ⅰ期心脏康复对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊PCI术后疗效及预后的影响

目的:探讨Ⅰ期心脏康复对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者急诊PCI术后疗效及预后的影响。方法:选取景德镇市第一人民医院心内科2019年6月至2021年6月收治并成功实施急诊PCI术的STEMI患者80例,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组各40例。对照组术后给予常规治疗,试验组在对照组的基础上加用Ⅰ期心脏康复治疗,比较两组术后1周及术后4周心功能[血浆肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、血浆脑钠肽水平(BNP)及左室射血分数(LVEF)]、生活质量、心血管事件(MACE)发生率及住院时间。结果:两组术后1周心功能相关指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后4周心功能相关指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。试验组术后4周生活质量评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。试验组术后4周MACE发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且试验组平均住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:STEMI患者急诊PCI术后给予Ⅰ期心脏康复治疗能够提高心脏功能、生活质量,缩短住院时间,降低MACE发生。     

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后急性心肌梗死再发的危险因素及护理预防对策

目的探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后急性心肌梗死(AMI)的相关危险因素及护理预防对策。方法随机选取2015年1月至2016年12月在我院就诊并接受PCI术的AMI患者180例作为研究对象,12个月后对其进行随访调查,按AMI是否再发将其分为对照组和观察组,收集参加研究者术后相关临床资料、收缩压水平(SBP)、Killip心功能分级、高血压史、术后服药情况、梗死后心绞痛是AMI患者成功植入支架后是否再发的影响因素。结果两组患者LVEF、LVDD、LVEDV、LVESV、植入支架数量、支架来源、梗死后心绞痛、服药情况、适当运动等因素均无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者术前PT、a PTT、TT、Fbg水平比较无明显差异(P0.05),术后PT、a PTT、TT指标均上调,Fbg下调(P0.05)。SBP、心功能分级、高血压史、梗死后心绞痛回归系数均为正值且OR值1,故均为影响再发的危险因素;术后服药情况是影响再发的有利因素。护理干预治疗对于患者焦虑情绪有缓解,更有利于治疗。结论影响AMI再发的危险因素为BP、心功能分级、高血压史、梗死后心绞痛,给予患者护理干预有利于患者身体的恢复,提高生活质量。     

HbA1c水平对冠心病患者PCI术后心功能的影响

目的：分析冠心病患者糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后心功能的影响。方法：行PCI治疗的150例冠心病患者,其中75例HbA1c＜8%为对照组,75例HbA1c≥8%为观察组。比较两组患者术后心功能、心脏不良事件、超声心动图检测、血清脑钠肽（BNP）水平及死亡情况。结果：对照组术后NYHA心功能分级优于观察组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。术后12个月内观察组心脏不良事件发生率46.67%,高于对照组的29.33%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组LVDd为54.81±6.25 mm,LAd为38.52±3.27 mm,分别高于对照组的50.43±6.27 mm和35.91±3.25 mm,LVEF为（50.92±8.29）%,低于对照组的（54.81±8.27）%,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。观察组BNP为（737.51±102.67）pg/mL,高于对照组的（521.26±102.58）pg/mL,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。两组死亡率的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：HbA1c水平影响冠心病患者PCI术后心功能及心脏不良事件发生,低水平HbA1c能减少术后心脏不良事件发生,有助于心功能改善。HbA1c表达水平不仅影响冠心病患者PCI术后心功能恢复,还影响其心脏事件,建议PCI术前将患者HbA1c控制在较低水平,以改善PCI术预后。     

冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入术后发生恶性心律失常的影响因素

目的 分析冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后发生恶性心律失常的影响因素.方法 选取2019年10月至2021年4月开封市人民医院收治的91例冠心病患者,均接受PCI治疗,统计术后恶性心律失常发生情况,收集患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、心功能Killip分级、合并症、心率、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)及实验室指...     

急诊PCI术后急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的预后及其多因素Logistic回归分析

目的分析急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的预后及其影响因素。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年2月平煤医疗集团总医院收治的82例急诊PCI术后急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者临床资料,根据患者术后是否发生不良心血管事件分为预后良好组61例和预后不良组21例。采用多因素Logistic回归分析急诊PCI术后急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者预后不良的危险因素。结果82例急诊PCI术后急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者发生预后不良21例,不良心血管事件发生率为25.61%。单因素分析结果显示,预后不良组年龄≥65岁、合并高血压、合并高脂血症、合并高尿酸血症、Killip分级≥Ⅲ级、病变支数≥2支、前壁梗死、左心室射血分数(LVEF)<40%、血清超敏C反应蛋白(Hs-CRP)水平>4 mg/L、血清氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平>3600 pmol/L患者占比高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,合并高尿酸血症、Killip分级≥Ⅲ级、病变支数≥2支、血清NT-proBNP水平>3600 pmol/L均为急诊PCI术后急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论急诊PCI术后急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者预后不良的独立危险因素主要包括合并高尿酸血症、Killip分级≥Ⅲ级、病变支数≥2支、血清NT-proBNP水平>3600 pmol/L,因此临床可据此对有以上特征的患者进行针对性治疗或干预,以降低患者不良心血管事件发生的风险。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.