6-(4-取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物对血小板聚集的抑制作用

目的观察不同浓度的6-(4-取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物对二磷酸腺苷(ADP)诱导血小板聚集的抑制作用。方法将不同浓度的6-(4-取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物分别加入人富含血小板血浆(PRP)中,用多功能血小板聚集仪测定 ADP 诱导的血小板聚集作用。结果该哒嗪酮类化合物对 ADP 诱导血小板聚集有剂量依赖性抑制作用,其半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))分别为1.04μmol/L 和2.80μmol/L。结论新的6-(4-取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物具有较强的抑制 ADP 诱导的血小板聚集作用。     

哒嗪酮类化合物的合成及其抗血小板聚集活性

目的:研究不同取代氨基侧链的引入对哒嗪酮类化合物抗血小板聚集活性的影响。方法:以乙酰基为连接片段,引入不同的取代氨基,设计合成一系列化合物;体外药理实验参考Born方法进行。结果:设计合成了10个目标化合物,其中8个未见报道,所有化合物均经过1HNMR等确证;所有化合物都具有抗血小板聚集的活性,其中化合物(6f)、(6g)、 (6h)和(6j)的抗血小板聚集活性较强,化合物(6g)和(6j)的活性是 6-\[4-(吡啶基-4-氨基)苯基\]-4,5-二氢-3(2H)哒嗪酮 (MCI-154)的5倍。结论:引入不同的取代氨基对哒嗪酮类化合物抗血小板聚集的活性有影响。     

哒嗪酮类化合物的合成及抑制血小板聚集作用

目的:设计合成6-(4-取代乙酰胺基)苯基-4,5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮和6-(4-取代乙酰胺基)苯基-5-甲基-4,5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮两类化合物,以寻找作用更强、选择性更好的血小板聚集抑制剂.方法:以乙酰苯胺为原料,经傅-克反应、满尼烯反应、水解及水合肼环合反应、酰化反应、取代反应,合成两类中间体及其衍生物,并进行体外药理实验考察其对血小板聚集的抑制作用.结果:共合成哒嗪酮类化合物16个,其中15个属首次报道,并通过元素分析和1H-NMR确证了它们的结构.其中化合物(4)抑制血小板聚集的活性最强,比对照物MCI-154强10倍;化合物(6)、(7)、(8)、(12)、(13)、(14)的活性也优于MCI-154.结论:合成的哒嗪酮类化合物具有抗血小板聚集活性.     

6-取代乙酰哌嗪苯基二氢哒嗪酮类化合物的合成及其抑制血小板聚集的作用

目的：设计合成6-[4-(4-取代乙酰胺基哌嗪基)苯基]-4，5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮和6-[4-(4-取代酰胺基哌嗪基)苯基]-5-甲基-4，5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮两类化合物，寻找作用更强的血小板聚集抑制剂。方法：以乙酰苯胺为原料，经傅克反应、满尼希反应、环合反应、酰化反应合成两类中间体(M)和(N)，再经缩合和取代反应得到两类目标化合物，参考Bonn方法进行体外抑制血小板聚集实验。结果：共合成目标化合物12个，其中10个属首次报道，通过元素分析，^1H-NMR确证结构。其中化合物(9)抑制血小板聚集作用的活性最强，为对照物CCI-17810的60多倍；化合物(6)、(7)、(10)、(11)、(12)的活性也优于CCI-17810．结论：目标化合物具有较强的抑制血小板聚集活性。     

6-[4-[4-(取代苯乙酮基)哌嗪基]苯基]哒嗪酮类化合物的合成及抑制血小板聚集作用

目的：设计合成一类６－（取代苯基）－４,５－二氢－３－（２Ｈ）哒嗪酮类化合物,以期发现作用更强的血小板聚集抑制剂。方法：以乙酰苯胺为原料,经酰化反应、傅－克反应、水解反应及水合肼环合反应、溴化反应、烷基化反应等一系列反应合成目标化合物,并参考Ｂｏｒｎ方法进行体外药理实验。结果：共合成６－「４－（取代哌嗪基）苯基」－４,５－二氢－３（２Ｈ）哒嗪酮类化合物１１个,均属首次报道,并通过元素分析、＾１ＨＮＭＲ确证结构。初步的体外药理实验表明：大部分目标化合物都有不同程度的抑制ＡＤＰ诱导的新西兰大白兔血小板聚集的作用。结论：首次合成了１１个６「４－「４－（取代苯乙酮基）哌嗪基」苯基」－４,５－二氢－３（２Ｈ）哒嗪酮类化合物,其中化合物（４）抑制抑制血小板聚集作用的活性最强,与先导化合物ＣＣＩ１７８１０相当,化合物（３）,     

1-(肉桂酰基)-4-(苯乙胺乙酰基)哌嗪马来酸盐对血小板聚集和血栓形成的影响

研究化合物1-(肉桂酰基)-4-(苯乙胺乙酰基)哌嗪马来酸盐的抗凝血和抗血小板作用。采用小鼠断尾法测定出血时间,玻片法测定凝血时间,采用大鼠动静脉旁路法考察对血栓形成的抑制作用,采用家兔血小板体内、体外聚集试验测定受试药对ADP诱导的体内、体外家兔血小板最大聚集率的影响。结果表明1-(肉桂酰基)-4-(苯乙胺乙酰基)哌嗪马来酸盐具有明显的抗凝血、抗血栓形成及抑制ADP诱导的血小板聚集的作用。     

银杏内酯对家兔血小板聚集率的影响

目的 探讨银杏内酯对家兔血小板聚集作用的影响.方法 进行体内、体外实验观察银杏内酯对由二磷酸腺苷(ADP)、血小板活化因子(PAF)及花生四烯酸(AA)诱导的家兔血小板聚集作用的影响.结果 银杏内酯体外抑制 ADP及 PAF 诱导的血小板聚集,IC50分别为 65.48 μg/mL 和 31.14 μg/mL,体内实验则同时抑制 ADP、PAF、AA诱导的血小板聚集.结论 银酯对 ADP、PAF诱导的体内、体外血小板聚集均有抑制作用,对 AA 诱导的体内血小板聚集有抑制作用,但对体外血小板聚集的抑制作用很弱.     

桃仁、甘草对血小板聚集功能的双相作用

本文就桃仁、甘草对SJAMP、ADP、AA、PAF诱导的血小板聚集功能的影响进行研究,发现甘草对ADP、AA诱导的血小板聚集具有抑制作用,其抑制作用甚至强于同浓度的桃仁;对由SJAMP诱导的血小板聚集,随浓度的不同,甘草、桃仁可表现为抑制及促进双相作用,对PAF诱导的血小板聚集,随浓度的不同,甘草亦表现为双相作用。     

8-取代-6-苯基-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]哒嗪类化合物的合成及抗癫痫活性研究

[目的]设计合成一系列8-烷氧基-6-苯基-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]哒嗪类化合物(3a³h)和8-苯氧基-6-苯基-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]哒嗪类化合物(5a3h)和8-苯氧基-6-苯基-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]哒嗪类化合物(5a⁵j),并评价其抗惊厥活性.[方法]以4-氨基-[1,2,4]-三唑为起始原料,在160℃条件下与苯甲酰乙酸乙酯熔融环合,而后经过氯代、烷基化等反应合成一系列三唑并[4,3-b]哒嗪类衍生物.应用最大电惊厥实验测定目标化合物的抗惊厥活性.[结果]合成了18个未见文献报道的新型化合物,所有化合物的化学结构均经IR,1 H-NMR和MS方法确证.部分所合成化合物在100mg/kg时表现出一定的抗惊厥活性,其中化合物3c(8-正丁氧基-6-苯基-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]哒嗪)的抗惊厥活性最强.     

8种丹参素衍生物对兔血小板聚集性的影响

目的观察8种丹参素衍生物对兔血小板聚集性的影响。方法体外腺苷二磷酸(ADP)诱导兔血小板聚集。结果8种丹参素衍生物β-苯基乳酸(PLA)、对氟苯基乳酸(p-FPLA)、邻氟苯基乳酸(o-FPLA)、对甲基苯基乳酸(p-MPLA)、邻甲基苯基乳酸(o-MPLA)、邻氯苯基乳酸(o-CIPLA)、间氯苯基乳酸(m-CIPLA)、呋喃基乳酸(FLA)和乙酰水杨酸(ASA)对ADP诱导的家兔血小板聚集性均有剂量依赖的抑制作用,其50%聚集抑制浓度(IC50)值分别为4.37、6.14、9.32、7.56、2.73、3.07、6.30、7.30和7.24(×10     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.