恒河猴慢性青光眼模型的建立及相关生物学特性

目的建立两种激光光凝的恒河猴慢性高眼压性青光眼模型,评价模型眼的相关生物学特性。方法成年恒河猴15只,分别采用半导体倍频532激光和氩激光,在房角镜下对功能小梁网区行360°光凝。对其中7只恒河猴分别采用A超、视网膜断层成像仪和视网膜血流仪进行模型眼和另侧对照眼的眼球及视盘形态、血流参数的检测。结果两种光凝模式相比,眼压升高后第4周,倍频532激光组平均眼压为48.4±10.3mmHg,氩激光组平均眼压为44.2±7.0mmHg,倍频532激光组与氩激光组的三次光凝成功率的差异无显著性意义。除视盘面积外,恒河猴模型眼的视杯形态指数、杯盘面积比、盘沿面积、视网膜神经纤维层的平均厚度,与对照眼相比差异有极显著性意义。眼轴和前房深度与对照眼相比差异有显著性意义。筛板血流量、血流速度和红细胞移动速率与对照眼相比差异无显著性意义。结论两种激光光凝恒河猴小梁网均可用以建立慢性高眼压性青光眼模型,模型眼出现青光眼眼底特征性的形态学改变。     

小梁切除术后远期随访结果

我院对１９８２年～１９９２年间所施小梁切除术患者４６例中１７例（１９只眼）进行随访,最长为术后１４ａ,最短为术后５ａ,复查结果报告如下。１　资料和方法１．１　对象　开角型青光眼３例（５只眼）,闭角型青光眼１３例,继发性青光眼１例,共１９只眼行小梁切除术后患者,其中男１０例,女７例,年龄１６～６７岁,平均４４．５岁。双眼手术者２例。所有病人术后常规检查视力、眼压、视野,眼底检查视盘Ｃ／Ｄ,对２例双眼开角型青光眼双眼行小梁切除术后患者加测早晚眼压曲线,视野及房角镜检查。１．２　复查方法　复查视力继续…     

激光小梁成形术治疗开角型青光眼

目的，对激光小梁成形术治疗药物难以控制的开角型青光眼的疗效作一前瞻性的评价。方法：采用倍频Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光治疗临床用药物不能控制病情发展的原发性开角青光眼病例共２２例３８眼，所有眼均接受１８０°，小梁成形术，５０个光凝点，结果：随访期内眼压平均下降０．７５ｋＰａ（５ｍｍＨｇ），术后６月治疗成功率为８６％，结论：激光小梁成形术是药物控制不良的开角青光眼的有效治疗措施，治疗参数可选择，光斑直径５０μｍ     

选择性激光小梁成形术的长期疗效研究:269只眼的临床试验

背景:选择性激光小梁成形术(SLT)是一种降低原发性开角型青光眼患者眼压的新方法。采用Q开关倍频Nd:YAG激光器作用于色素性小梁网,而对邻近的非色素性小梁组织无明显损害。SLT作用不产热,因为激光仅对靶细胞进行细胞内的微小破坏,采用短脉冲从而使靶细胞内产生的热量没有充分的时间传播到周围组织。本前瞻性临床研究旨在评价SLT治疗开角型青光眼的长期效果、安全性和有效性。研究对象和方法:2002年以来,本中心已对269只患眼实施了选择性激光小梁成形术:其中17只眼为高眼压症,239只眼为原发性开角型青光眼,11只眼为低眼压性青光眼,2只…     

倍频532激光小梁成形术治疗开角型青光眼疗效分析

目的评价倍频532激光小梁成形术治疗开角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法对18例31只眼开角型青光眼患者经药物治疗后眼压仍处在2.74～4.21kPa的患者,实施激光小梁成形术,行小梁后区180度或360度光凝治疗,光凝点为50～100个。结果激光小梁成形术后眼压与术前比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论激光小梁成形术是治疗开角型青光眼的有效手段。     

选择性激光小梁成形术治疗原发性开角型青光眼的临床效果

目的探讨选择性激光小梁成形术(selective laser trabeculoplasty,SLT)治疗原发性开角型青光眼的安全性和有效性.方法对24例30眼原发性开角型青光眼患者,8例10眼原发性开角型青光眼氩激光小梁成形术(argon laser trabeculoplasty,ALT)失败患者,采用倍频Q-开关532nmNd:YAG激光治疗.所有患者上方或下方房角180度范围内进行治疗,能量0.50~1.50mJ,点数80~100点.测量术后1h眼压,术后1d;1周;1月、3月、6月;1年随访,对比术前术后眼压、最佳矫正视力、视野及杯盘比变化.结果患者术前眼压(24.35±6.12)mmHg,术后1h为(18.12±5.23)mmHg,1d为(15.62±3.61)mmHg,1周为(18.14±2.05)mmHg,1月为(16.58±3.22)mmHg,3月为(18.26±2.52)mmHg,6月为(17.02±2.31)mmHg,1年为(18.03±3.41)mmHg;术前患者杯盘比为0.58±0.20,术后1年为0.57±0.30;术前视力0.81±0.30,术后1年视力为0.83±0.41;视野术前术后无变化.结论选择性激光小梁成形术可以有效地降低原发性开角型青光眼及原发性开角型青光眼氩激光小梁成形术失败患者的眼内压.     

外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术治疗先天性青光眼

目的 评价外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术治疗先天性青光跟的疗效。方法 对30例（52限）先天性青光眼施行外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术,术后对眼压、角膜横径、眼底（C／D）、滤过泡、并发症等进行随访观察。结果术后10d,52只眼眼压均降至正常。术后随访25例43只眼,随访时间3～36个月,平均30个月。眼压控制率93％,4只眼压控制良好的眼术后眼底杯盘比值缩小。术中常见并发症为前房出血,1～6d内完全吸收,对手术效果无影响。结论 外路小梁切开联合小梁切除术治疗先天性青光眼手术成功率高,并发症少,易推广。     

倍频532激光小梁成形术治疗开角型青光眼疗效分析

目的：评价倍频532激光小梁成形术治疗开角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法：对18例31只眼开角型青光眼患经药物治疗后眼压仍处在2.74-4.21kPa的患，实施激光小梁成形术，行小梁后区180度或360度光凝治疗，光凝点为50-100个。结果：激光小梁成形术后眼压与术前比较有显性差异（P＜0.01)。结论：激光小梁成形术是治疗开角型青光眼的有效手段。     

氩激光小梁成形术治疗开角型青光眼

目的探讨应用氩激光小梁成形术(ALT)治疗原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)的疗效。方法15例24眼POAG患者术前点0.5%噻吗心安眼药水后眼压为(27.66±2.2)mm Hg,经表面麻醉后在激光房角镜下行氩离子激光前部小梁光凝。光凝后定期测量眼压,作前房检查、前房角检查、视野检查。术后仍用0.5%噻吗心安点眼。结果83.33%患者眼压控制满意,近期眼压下降率25.34%,4眼眼压控制不好,行小梁切除术成功。患者视力、视野无统计学变化,无房角前粘连及前房积血病例。有8眼重复治疗,4眼成功控制眼压。结论ALT对于治疗POAG安全,近期效果满意。降眼压幅度有限,远期效果尚待观察。对于行ALT治疗患者一定要严格随访眼压、视野,如有眼压失控仍可行滤过手术治疗。     

真空小梁成形术治疗原发性开角型青光眼及高眼压症前后房角的变化

目的：应用眼前节分析系统分析青光眼真空小梁成形术治疗前后房角的变化,探讨青光眼真空小梁成形术的降压机制。方法青光眼真空小梁成形术治疗原发性开角型青光眼及高眼压症患者30例53眼。术前、术后7 d、术后30 d进行视力、裂隙灯、眼压检查,眼前节分析系统测量房角。结果治疗前房角（28．32±1．31）°,治疗后7 d （30．64±1．43）°,治疗后30 d（32．65±1．58）°。治疗前眼压（22．3±3．8）mmHg,治疗后7 d（19．2±3．1）mmHg,治疗后30 d （19．6±2．7）mmHg。与治疗前相比,治疗后7 d、30 d房角、眼压差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论青光眼真空小梁成形术后房角增宽,牵拉小梁网组织,使小梁网眼增大,可能是青光眼真空小梁成形术的降压机制。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.