川续断中挥发油的分析

从川续断Dipsacus aspervides C.Y.Cheng et T.M.Ai根中提得挥发油,经用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)和气相色谱/红外光谱(GC/IR)联用技术进行分析研究,共鉴定出41种化合物。川续断挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌有较强的抑菌能力,动物试验表明具有明显的生理活性。     

ZrO2改性Co-Ru/γ-Al2O3催化剂F-T合成的本征动力学

根据费-托(F-T)合成的表面碳化物机理,推导出合成气反应的8个动力学模型。利用固定床微分反应器对ZrO2改性Co-Ru/-γA l2O3催化剂在473 K和458~498 K下的F-T合成动力学进行了研究。结果表明:473 K时,H2完全解离,吸附态CO加氢生成甲酰(HCO),HCO加氢生成表面C,同时氧以水的形式脱除(模型6),实验结果最吻合。在473K时,反应速率表达式为:-dNCO/dw=kpCOp1H/22/(1 1.499p1H/22 1.609pCO 2.541p-H2 1/2pCO)2,k为99.83 mm o l/(h.g.M Pa1.5)。通过实验数据对模型6的非线性回归,对反应活化能、吸附活化能等进行了估算,活化能为68.34 kJ/m o l。     

酯基Gemini阳离子表面活性剂的表面化学性质与胶团化作用

通过电导率和表面张力的测定,系统地研究了不同温度下烷基-α,ω-双(二甲基酰氧乙基溴化铵)(Ⅱ-12-s)酯基G em in i表面活性剂的表面活性及其溶液表面吸附和形成胶团的热力学函数。结果表明:在298~318 K,临界胶团浓度(CM C)和平衡表面张力(γ)分别为2.51×10-6~4.24×10-6m o l/L和32.9~34.2 mN/m,表面吸附和形成胶团的自由能分别为-68.78~-77.20kJ/m o l和-40.91~-49.80 kJ/m o l,Ⅱ-12-s在溶液、表面吸附及形成胶团过程中均为熵驱动过程。     

聚酯在超临界甲醇中的降解特性

研究在间歇高压反应器中聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)及聚碳酸酯(PC)在超临界甲醇中的降解反应;通过建立聚酯在超临界甲醇中的降解反应模型,探讨了聚酯在甲醇中降解的机理。结果表明:PET、PBT和PC在甲醇溶液中的降解具有共性,均可分为超临界区、非临界区和中间过渡区三个区域。在超临界区聚酯完全溶于甲醇并降解为原料单体,且对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)和碳酸二甲酯(DMC)的收率均大于90%;聚酯的降解是在聚合物分子链的无规断裂和聚酯进行酯交换反应的双重作用下发生的。     

DAIP改性环氧树脂体系固化反应动力学

用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对间苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(DA IP)改性酚醛环氧树脂(F-51)固化体系的固化反应过程进行了分析。用K issinger方法求得体系固化反应的表观活化能ΔE=49.9kJ/m o l,根据C rane理论计算得到该体系的固化反应级数n=0.87。为初步确定甲基四氢苯酐(M eTHPA)和顺丁烯二酸酐(MA)两种酸酐作为固化剂的固化反应条件提供了一定的理论依据。     

葡萄籽原花青素舒张家兔离体主动脉的研究

目的研究葡萄籽原花青素(PC)对主动脉环的舒张作用及机制。方法采用家兔离体主动脉平滑肌标本,以去甲肾上腺素(NA)预收缩主动脉后给予不同剂量PC观察其张力变化,并探讨去除血管内皮、给予NO合酶抑制剂左旋硝基精氨酸(L-NNA)、甲烯蓝(M B)、环氧酶抑制剂吲哚美辛(Indo)和β肾上腺素能受体阻断剂普萘洛尔(P rop)对血管张力变化的影响。结果PC对动脉环静息张力无明显影响,但不同剂量PC可使1×10-6m o l/L NA预收缩的血管出现明显地舒张(r=0.63,P<0.001)。去除血管内皮、1×1-0 4m o l/L L-NNA或1×10-5m o l/L M B可减弱PC的舒张作用,但Indo和P rop无影响。另外,40μg/mL PC对无内皮血管环NA和KC l的量效收缩反应明显减弱,且NA和KC l的PD2分别由对照组的7.05±2.19和1.57±1.37降低为6.04±1.77和1.01±0.93。结论PC对主动脉的舒张作用是通过平滑肌细胞膜上的受体依赖性C a2 通道和电压依赖性C a2 通道抑制C a2 内流,使动脉环舒张,其作用与内皮释放的NO有关。     

山奈酚和槲皮素对大鼠细胞色素P450酶活性的影响

目的:观察山奈酚和槲皮素两种银杏黄酮对细胞色素P450的影响。方法:原代培养大鼠肝细胞,接触0.1~10.0μm o l/L的山奈酚或槲皮素,作用12 h、24 h和48 h,用N ash法检测细胞色素P450同工酶-红霉素N-脱甲基酶(ENRD)和氨基比林N-脱甲基酶(ADM)的活性。分别以红霉素(10.0μm o l/L)和二甲基亚砜(DM SO)作为阳性对照和溶剂对照。结果:0.1、1.0和10.0μm o l/L山奈酚作用24 h,ENRD酶活性分别为(0.088±0.008)、(0.074±0.006)和(0.041±0.003)μm o l/(m g.m in-1);槲皮素相同浓度和作用时间处理的ENRD酶活性分别为(0.082±0.007)、(0.063±0.007)和(0.034±0.005)μm o l/(m g.m i-n 1)。其中1.0和10.0μm o l/L山奈酚和槲皮素处理的肝细胞ENRD酶活性都显著低于溶剂对照组(0.085±0.011)μm o l/(m g.m in-1),且呈剂量-效应关系(P<0.01)。10μm o l/L山奈酚处理细胞12 h和48 h后,ENRD酶活性为(0.053±0.006)和(0.037±0.007)μm o l/(m g.m i-n 1);10μm o l/L槲皮素处理细胞12 h和48 h后,ENRD酶活性为(0.067±0.005)和(0.032±0.004)μm o l/(m g.m i-n 1),都具有明显的时间-效应关系(P<0.01)。山奈酚只有在10μm o l/L浓度下作用24 h对ADM活性出现抑制,槲皮素对ADM活性没有明显影响。结论:在本实验条件下,山奈酚和槲皮素能明显抑制大鼠肝细胞ENRD活性;山奈酚在10μm o l/L浓度下能轻度抑制ADM,而槲皮素对ADM活性没有明显的抑制作用。     

吗啡与丁丙诺啡用于术后病人静脉自控镇痛的临床观察

目的通过观察比较吗啡与丁丙诺啡用于术后病人静脉自控镇痛(PC IA)的效果与不良反应,证明丁丙诺啡用于术后PC IA的可行性。方法选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,年龄32~74岁,体重46~78kg的40例胸外科择期手术患者,随机分为吗啡镇痛组(M组),选用吗啡60~80mg 格拉司琼6mg 生理盐水至100m l镇痛液;丁丙诺啡镇痛组(D组),选用丁丙诺啡1.2~1.5mg 格拉司琼6mg 生理盐水至100m l镇痛液,每组20例。于术毕患者清醒后离开手术室前将止痛泵连接于周围静脉,予以50μg芬太尼负荷量后,随即开启PC IA泵。一次性镇痛泵注药模式为负荷量 持续剂量2m l/h 单次剂量0.5m l/h。随机双盲半小时后首次及以后6h/次至术后第3d,分别观察两组术后的镇痛、镇静情况及恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等不良反应发生情况。结果两组的镇痛效果均达到满意。但综合镇痛质量D组优于M组;不良反应如恶心、呕吐发生率D组(1例,5%)明显低于M组(5例,25%),组间比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);皮肤瘙痒发生率D组(1例,5%)明显低于M组(4例,20%),组间比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);镇静评分(Ram esay)2~4分者D组(19例,95%)明显高于M组(11例,55%)。结论丁丙诺啡在术后病人PC IA上比吗啡镇痛效果好,不良反应轻,方法简单、有效,可以安全、有效地用于术后病人静脉PC IA。     

中药成分CDP抑制肿瘤细胞生长及其去甲基化作用的研究

目的探讨中药成分CDP对肿瘤细胞系的生长抑制作用及其对抑癌基因p 16启动子区CpG岛的去甲基化作用。方法培养人肝癌细胞系Huh-7和乳腺癌细胞系T 47D,用M TT法检测药物对肿瘤细胞生长的抑制作用;分别用不同剂量、同一剂量不同时间的CDP和5-azacytid ine(5-aza-C)作用细胞;同时提取细胞的DNA,用甲基化特异性PCR(m ethy lation-spec ific PCR,M SP)的方法观察肿瘤细胞系p 16基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化/去甲基化的状态。结果①Huh-7和T 47D细胞系皆为抑癌基因p 16启动子区CpG岛完全发生甲基化的肿瘤细胞系。②CDP和5-aza-C以时间、剂量依赖方式抑制Huh-7和T 47D增殖。③在25、50、75和100μm o l/L的CDP持续作用6 d后,Huh-7和T 47D p 16基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化特异性条带仍然存在;Huh-7在四个剂量CDP作用下,非甲基化特异性条带被扩增出,T 47D则在50、75和100μm o l/L CDP作用下,非甲基化特异性条带被扩增出。④在50μm o l/L CDP作用后,Huh-7和T 47D p 16基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化特异性条带仍然存在;Huh-7非甲基化特异性条带自12 h出现并持续到144 h,而T 47D非甲基化特异性条带72 h出现并持续到144 h。结论中药成分CDP可以抑制肿瘤细胞的生长并可以逆转高甲基化的p 16基因,具有开发并成为抗肿瘤药物的潜在价值。     

熊果酸体外抗胃癌细胞SGC7901机制的研究

目的探讨熊果酸(urso lic ac id,UA)体外抑制胃癌细胞SGC 7901生长的作用机制。方法体外培养人胃癌细胞株SGC 7901,M TT法观察不同浓度UA作用不同时间对细胞生长的影响;不同浓度UA(0~40μm o l/L)处理SGC 7901细胞24 h后,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化;荧光染料Hoechst 33258染色和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况;W estern B lotting法检测凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2和B ax的表达。结果20~40μm o l/L UA可抑制SGC 7901的生长,并呈浓度和时间依赖性,其作用12、24、36、48 h的IC50分别为(57.50±1.18)、(34.28±2.05)、(27.54±1.11)、(24.83±1.02)μm o l/L。20~40μm o l/L UA作用24 h后,SGC 7901细胞变圆,出现不同程度的漂浮;同时细胞被阻滞于G0/G1期并发生凋亡,随药物浓度升高,凋亡率增加,凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2表达减少,B ax无明显变化。结论熊果酸对SGC 7901细胞具有较强的抗肿瘤活性,其机制可能与细胞毒作用、增殖抑制作用以及下调凋亡相关蛋白B cl-2表达而促进凋亡有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.