锁骨下动脉狭窄闭塞性疾病的血管内支架治疗

目的 探讨应用血管内支架治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄闭塞性病变的疗效.方法 21例(21支)锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞性病变患者接受血管内支架置入治疗,其中左锁骨下动脉近段重度狭窄13例、闭塞6例,右锁骨下动脉近段重度狭窄2例.支架置入路径为经股动脉穿刺插管或经肱动脉穿刺逆行插管.结果 21例患者锁骨下动脉均成功置入内支架(均为自膨式支架),术后患侧桡动脉、肱动脉搏动恢复正常,椎动脉显影良好,原有窃血现象消失.21例均先行股动脉穿刺置管,其中17例顺利置入支架,4例锁骨下动脉完全闭塞患者改用经患侧肱动脉逆行穿刺置入支架.随访发现1例患者1年后复发锁骨下动脉轻度狭窄.结论 血管内支架置入术治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄、闭塞性病变是一种安全、有效的微创治疗方法.     

血管内支架成形术治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄性疾病55例临床观察

目的探讨锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞性疾病的介入治疗疗效。方法回顾分析55例锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞病变行血管内支架治疗的临床资料。结果 46例锁骨下动脉狭窄病变（狭窄率〉70%）成功置入支架,9例闭塞锁骨下动脉中8例成功置入支架。46例经股动脉置入支架,8例经肱动脉逆行置入支架。锁骨下动脉支架成功置入后肱动脉及桡动脉搏动良好,伴有盗血现象的13例患者症状消失。随访发现5例锁骨下动脉支架置入后9～12个月再狭窄,后再置入5枚支架,血管开通良好。结论应用血管内支架治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄或闭塞是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

经皮血管内支架植入术治疗锁骨下动脉狭窄的临床研究

目的：探讨经肱动脉路径行锁骨下动脉支架植入治疗重度锁骨下动脉狭窄和闭塞的疗效。方法：分析2005年9月至2008年3月采取经肱动脉逆行植入支架治疗锁骨下动脉重度狭窄和闭塞10例。术前诊断包括彩色多普勒超声检查和动脉造影确诊。结果：本组支架植入均获成功,支架植入满意,无移住。10例中随访8例,随访时间4-34个月,平均15个月。失访2例,随访率80％。随访期间8例病例均无上肢缺血症状及神经症状发生。结论：逆行锁骨下动脉支架植入是治疗锁骨下动脉重度狭窄和闭塞安全有效的方法。     

锁骨下动脉狭窄经皮血管腔内成形术及支架植入术的临床研究

目的探讨经皮血管内支架治疗动脉粥样硬化或大动脉炎所致锁骨下动脉狭窄及梗阻性病变的临床疗效。方法9例锁骨下动脉狭窄及梗阻性病变患者中，5例为动脉粥样硬化，4例大动脉炎。其中，锁骨下动脉狭窄2例，完全闭塞7例，均成功的置入血管内支架治疗。结果9例行经皮血管内支架置入治疗的患者均获成功，有5例置入Wallstent支架，4例置入Palmaz支架。术后即刻桡动脉搏动恢复正常，双上肢平均动脉压差降低至2．0kPa，介入治疗后，血管恢复通畅，患者临床症状消失。未发生严重并发症，9例介入治疗成功者随访6～18个月，无1例发生再狭窄。结论血管内支架置入术治疗动脉粥样硬化或大动脉炎所致锁骨下动脉狭窄梗阻性病变，安全、可靠、成功率高、并发症少、临床疗效好，是目前最有效的治疗方法之一，可以作为锁骨下动脉狭窄的一线治疗方法。     

症状性锁骨下动脉近端重度狭窄或闭塞的血管内支架治疗

目的探讨症状性锁骨下动脉近端重度狭窄或闭塞的血管内支架治疗的有效性和安全性。方法对42例经脑血管造影确诊的症状性锁骨下动脉近端重度狭窄或闭塞者行血管内支架治疗,回顾性分析手术成功率、围手术期与不同随访期内临床改善及并发症发生情况等。结果①手术情况：锁骨下动脉完全闭塞者（6例）血管再通及支架置入技术成功率83.3%（5/6）。锁骨下动脉近端重度狭窄者36例,支架置入技术成功率100%。41例行支架置入者术后即刻残余狭窄率均小于20%,且盗血现象完全消失;②围手术期情况：手术成功者术后临床症状和体征消失或明显好转。1例（2.4%）股动脉穿刺部位血肿,无严重并发症发生。③随访情况：随访期（1-6月）无症状复发及并发症发生,血管超声复查无支架内再狭窄及盗血现象。结论锁骨下动脉近端重度狭窄或闭塞的血管内支架治疗是安全有效的,且近期疗效值得肯定,但其远期疗效尚需进一步研究。     

血管内支架置入治疗锁骨下动脉盗血综合征23例

目的:探讨和评价应用血管内支架置入术对锁骨下动脉因狭窄或闭塞致盗血综合征的治疗方法和疗效.方法:分析对比23例锁骨下动脉盗血综合征患者介入治疗方式、效果等临床资料.结果:23例患者成功置入支架,残余狭窄＜30％,后循环缺血症状消失,患侧血压基本正常,椎动脉恢复正常血流方向,无1例并发症.结论:采用血管内介入治疗锁骨下动脉盗血综合征(SSS)是一种相对简单、安全、疗效可靠的治疗手段.     

腔内技术治疗锁骨下动脉盗血综合征的临床分析

目的总结经皮血管内成形术（PTA）及内支架置放术治疗6例锁骨下动脉盗血综合征患者的疗效。方法6例锁骨下动脉盗血综合征患者，血流数字造影显示锁骨下动脉平均狭窄72％，双上肢动脉收缩压差平均为53．3mmHg。经股动脉途径行球囊血管成形术4例，经股动脉和肱动脉联合入路双向造影支架打通狭窄或闭塞2例，PTA联合支架置入术4例。结果5例患者的腔内治疗获得成功，术后即刻桡动脉搏动获得改善，双上肢动脉收缩压差平均为22mmHg。1例腔内治疗失败，导丝无法打通闭塞段动脉。无任何病例发生严重并发症。5例患者术后随访1～19个月，无神经症状复发。结论采用腔内技术对锁骨下动脉盗血综合征的患者进行PTA和支架置入后其效果可靠，操作相对简单、安全，术后复发率低。     

血管内支架成形术治疗症状性锁骨下动脉狭窄的疗效观察

目的 探讨血管内支架成形术治疗症状性锁骨下动脉狭窄的效果.方法 应用血管成形＋支架植入术对13例锁骨下动脉严重狭窄或闭塞患者进行治疗,术后随访12个月,采用经颅多普勒（TCD）、颈动脉CT血管成像（CTA）了解锁骨下动脉血流情况.结果 支架植入后脑数字减影血管造影显示,13例狭窄血管管径恢复,血流通畅,手术成功率为100％.1例患者术中发生脑梗死.随访12个月,无后循环缺血事件发生,TCD和CTA检查示锁骨下动脉血流通畅.结论 血管内支架成形术治疗症状性锁骨下动脉狭窄安全有效.     

多穿刺入路途径血管腔内治疗膝以下动脉闭塞性疾病

目的探讨多穿刺入路途径血管腔内治疗膝以下动脉闭塞性闭塞疾病临床效果和应用价值。方法 2003年5月～2010年6月,采用多穿刺入路途径血管腔内治疗下肢中小段动脉（膝以下动脉）闭塞性疾病94例,其中37例伴有股浅动脉严重狭窄或闭塞,17例伴有动脉狭窄,狭窄程度均〉70%,63例胫前动脉、胫后动脉完全闭塞。结果经PTA＋PTAS或单纯PTA后,股浅动脉及动脉狭窄或闭塞均消失;膝以下动脉DEEP球囊PTA即时成功率为100%,63例胫前、后动脉完全闭塞,37例采用顺行内膜下血管成形（subintimal angiop lasty,SIA）再通成功,26例顺行SIA再通失败后,改用胫后动脉（内踝处）穿刺逆行SIA均再通成功,最终技术成功率为100%。术前术后踝肱指数（ankle brachial index,ABI）比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论多种腔内技术个体化联合治疗,下肢中小动脉闭塞所致慢性严重肢体缺血性疾病,是安全有效的方法。     

锁骨下动脉损伤及创伤性假性动脉瘤的腔内治疗策略

目的:探讨锁骨下动脉损伤及创伤性动脉瘤腔内介入治疗的方法和经验.方法:对5例急性锁骨下动脉损伤伴出血性休克,2例外伤后锁骨下动脉闭塞,2例外伤性锁骨下假性动脉瘤,1例外伤性锁骨下动静脉瘘.实施了腔内支架治疗,成功实施9例,1例造影后发现血管完全断裂后立即转为开放手术.结果:所有患者均痊愈,随访4～30月,所有支架置人病例血管通畅,无严重狭窄及闭塞发生.结论:血管内支架技术治疗锁骨下动脉损伤,安全可靠,创伤小,并发症少,是一种崭新的、有效的治疗方法.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.