泰山白首乌甾体总苷抗衰老作用的实验研究

目的:研究泰山白首乌甾体总苷的抗衰老作用。方法:60只雄性小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、维生素E(VE)组及甾体总苷高、中、低剂量组,每组10只,除空白对照组外,其余各组建立D-半乳糖小鼠衰老模型,灌胃给药14周后,测定小鼠的胸腺指数、脾脏指数以及血清的超氧化歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠血清中的SOD活性降低,MDA含量增加,而且胸腺指数和脾脏指数下降,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。与模型对照组比较,泰山白首乌甾体总苷各剂量组以及VE组的SOD活性明显提高,MDA含量明显降低,胸腺指数和脾脏指数明显增加(P<0.05)。与VE组比较,甾体总苷高、中剂量组小鼠SOD活性明显提高,低剂量组小鼠SOD活性降低,但均无统计学意义;甾体总苷高、中剂量组小鼠MDA含量降低(P<0.05),低剂量组小鼠MDA虽低于VE组,但无统计学意义;与VE组比较,甾体总苷各剂量组胸腺指数和脾脏指数均增加(P<0.05)。结论:泰山白首乌甾体总苷能拮抗自由基损伤,提高D-半乳糖衰老模型小鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数和血清SOD活性,减少MDA含量,具有明显的抗衰老作用。     

蕨麻正丁醇部位对急性低压缺氧小鼠的保护作用

【目的】观察蕨麻正丁醇部位(n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L.,NP)对模拟高原缺氧损伤小鼠的保护作用。【方法】120只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为正常对照组、低压缺氧模型组、红景天组和NP高[0.3 g.(kg.d)-1]、中[0.15 g.(kg.d)-1]、低剂量[0.075 g.(kg.d)-1]组,每组20只。除正常对照组外,各组小鼠在密闭减压舱内,模拟海拔8 000 m维持缺氧18h。检测各组小鼠脑组织含水量,测定脑组织和血清超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量,血清肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)活性。并通过HE染色观察各组小鼠脑组织缺氧损伤的程度。【结果】与减压缺氧模型组比较,红景天组和高剂量NP可显著降低减压缺氧小鼠脑含水量(P<0.01或P<0.05),提高小鼠脑组织SOD活力(P<0.01或P<0.05),减少小鼠脑组织MDA的产生(P<0.01或P<0.05),提高小鼠血清SOD活力(P<0.01),减少小鼠血清MDA的产生(P<0.01或P<0.05),降低小鼠血清中CK活性(P<0.01或P<0.05)。HE染色显示,NP及红景天胶囊可减轻小鼠低压缺氧对脑组织的损伤。【结论】蕨麻正丁醇提取部位对模拟高原缺氧损伤具有显著的保护作用。     

血府逐瘀汤对肺间质纤维化动物氧化应激及细胞外基质代谢的干预作用

目的观察血府逐瘀汤对肺间质纤维化(PF)模型动物的影响。方法小鼠气管内注射平阳霉素复制PF模型后分为模型组,血府逐瘀汤低(18.75 g/kg)、高(31.25 g/kg)剂量组,设空白对照组,连续灌胃28 d,检测肺组织羟脯氨酸(HYP)以及胶原纤维、弹性纤维含量;大鼠PF模型复制同前,术后分为模型组、血府逐瘀汤(25 g/kg)组、醋酸沷尼松(PA,6.25 mg/kg)组,设空白对照组,连续灌胃28 d,检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)及透明质酸(HA)含量的动态变化。结果与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠肺组织HYP、胶原纤维含量显著增多而弹性纤维含量大幅降低,血府逐瘀汤各组均可减少其HYP、胶原纤维含量,提高弹性纤维含量(P<0.05)。与空白对照组相比,模型组大鼠同期血清SOD活性降低,MDA、LN、HA升高,并有显著性差异(P<0.05);与模型组比较,血府逐瘀汤组大鼠血清MDA、HA含量均不同程度减少,血清SOD活性增加(P<0.05),而对血清LN含量则没有明显影响。结论血府逐瘀汤对PF模型动物的氧自由基损伤有不同程度的干预作用,并通过降低血清HA、肺组织HYP、胶原蛋白含量及提高弹性纤维含量,改善其细胞外基质(ECM)代谢。     

槲皮素对药物致心肌细胞损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨槲皮素(QUE)对柔红霉素(DNR)诱导的体外培养原代SD乳鼠心肌细胞损伤的保护作用.方法:分离培养心肌细胞,分为空白对照组、DNR组、DNR QUE组、QUE组,孵育24 h,显微镜下观察心肌细胞形态,检测培养介质中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)的含量.结果:与DNR组比,DNR QUE组脱落细胞减少,细胞碎片减少,LDH和MDA含量降低(P＜0.05),SOD活性增高(P＜0.05),且有剂量效应关系.结论:25～100 μmol/L浓度范围的槲皮素能减轻柔红霉素对心肌细胞的损伤,具有细胞保护作用,机制可能与其抗氧化作用有关.     

复方丹参健力浓缩颗粒对小鼠抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的研究复方丹参健力浓缩颗粒对小鼠的抗疲劳作用。方法 80只昆明种小鼠随机分为5组,分别为空白对照组、阳性对照组及抗疲劳低(72 mg/kg)、中(216 mg/kg)、高(864 mg/kg)剂量组,每组16只。灌胃给药14 d后检测小鼠负重游泳力竭时间及血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,与不负重游泳试验小鼠血清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性进行比较。结果中、高剂量复方丹参健力浓缩颗粒能显著延长小鼠负重游泳时间[空白对照组、高剂量组分别为(408±125)、(578±132)s](P<0.01),血清中SOD活性增强[空白对照组、高剂量组分别为(188.68±11.64)、(232.38±12.66)U/ml](P<0.01),MDA含量降低[空白对照组、高剂量组分别为(16.62±1.26)、(9.46±1.68)nmol/ml](P<0.01),LDH活性增加[空白对照组、高剂量组分别为(4022±528)、(5537±246)U/g蛋白](P<0.01)。抗疲劳作用效果依次为高剂量组>中剂量组>低剂量组。结论中、高剂量复方丹参健力浓缩颗粒具有显著的抗疲劳作用,是一种有效的抗疲劳中药制剂。     

通肺胶囊对弹性蛋白酶诱发大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病模型的影响

【目的】观察通肺胶囊对弹性蛋白酶诱发大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)模型的影响。【方法】选用SD大鼠,随机分为空白对照组,模型组,阳性对照组(盐酸班布特罗,剂量为3.3 mg.kg-1.d-1),通肺胶囊高、中、低剂量组(剂量分别为5.24、2.62、1.31 g.kg-1.d-1);除空白对照组外,其他组大鼠均以弹性蛋白酶诱发大鼠COPD模型,进行腹主动脉血的血气分析,测定动脉血血清及肺组织匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,进行右肺及支气管细胞学计数及分类检查,测定左肺体积及进行左肺组织病理学检查。【结果】通肺胶囊高、中、低剂量组均可显著提高模型大鼠血氧分压(P<0.05或P<0.01),通肺胶囊高剂量组可显著增加模型大鼠白细胞数量(P<0.01),通肺胶囊各剂量组均可显著降低模型大鼠血清MDA含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),通肺胶囊高剂量组可显著提高模型大鼠血清SOD活性(P<0.05),通肺胶囊中、低剂量组均可显著降低模型大鼠肺匀浆组织中MDA含量(P<0.05或P<0.01)。通肺胶囊各剂量组均可不同程度改善模型大鼠肺泡扩张、肺泡间隔断裂及肺泡融合等病理变化。【结论】通肺胶囊对弹性蛋白酶诱发的慢性阻塞性肺疾病模型大鼠具有一定的治疗作用。     

自拟活血通脉灵对心肌缺血大鼠SOD活性和MDA含量的影响

目的探讨活血通脉灵(HXTML)对异丙肾上腺素(ISO)所致心肌缺血大鼠心肌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。方法将50只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、阿司匹林组及活血通脉灵大剂量治疗组(HXTMLmax)和小剂量治疗组(HXTMLmin),采用ISO复制心肌缺血模型,观察心肌组织中SOD活性和MDA含量的变化。结果与空白对照组比较,模型组SOD活性明显下降,MDA含量增加(P<0.01);与模型组比较,阿司匹林组、HXTMLmax组和HXTMLmin组SOD活性增高、MDA含量降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);与阿司匹林组比较,HXTMLmax组和HXTMLmin组SOD活性升高、MDA含量下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);而HXTMLmax组与HXTMLmin组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论活血通脉灵能提高心肌缺血损伤大鼠心肌组织中SOD活性,降低MDA含量,具有一定抗心肌氧化损伤作用。     

山茱萸果核水提取物对东莨菪碱模型小鼠学习记忆的影响

目的探讨山茱萸果核水提取物对东莨菪碱所致记忆获得性障碍小鼠学习记忆能力的影响和机制。方法 60只昆明雄性小鼠随机分为6组:空白对照组、东莨菪碱模型组、吡拉西坦阳性对照组,山茱萸水提物高剂量组(20 g/kg)、中剂量组(10 g/kg)、低剂量组(5 g/kg)。连续灌胃14 d,进行Morris水迷宫测试各组的学习记忆能力,测试前20 min,除正常对照组腹腔注射生理盐水外,其余各组均注射东莨菪碱,建立记忆获得性障碍模型,测试结束后检测各组血清T-AOC、SOD活性和MDA含量。结果与模型组相比,山茱萸果核水提取物各组平均逃避潜伏期明显缩短,血清T-AOC提高,MDA含量降低(P<0.05),SOD活性无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论山茱萸果核水提取物可改善记忆获得性障碍模型小鼠的学习记忆能力,其机制可能与山茱萸的抗氧化能力有关。     

海南山苦茶提取物对衰老小鼠脑组织抗氧化能力的影响

目的:研究海南山苦茶提取物对衰老小鼠脑组织抗氧化能力的影响。方法:120只小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药组(维生素E)及海南山苦茶高、中、低剂量组,除正常组外,其余各组小鼠颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖120mg/kg,连续8周,诱导衰老模型;同时,阳性药组小鼠灌胃给予维生素E 50mg/kg,海南山苦茶高、中、低剂量组小鼠分别灌胃给予81、57、40mg/kg海南山苦茶提取物,正常组和模型组小鼠灌胃给予等体积的0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠。8周后,处死小鼠,取脑组织,匀浆,测定脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果:模型组小鼠MDA含量较正常组明显升高(P<0.01),SOD、CAT、GSH-px活性较正常组明显降低(P<0.01);维生素E组和山苦茶提取物高、中、低剂量组小鼠的MDA含量较模型组明显降低(P<0.01),CAT活性较模型组明显升高(P<0.01),山苦茶提取物高、中剂量组SOD和GSH-px活性较模型组明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:海南山苦茶提取物能够提高衰老小鼠脑组织的抗氧化能力。     

茶多酚对雷公藤甲素致小鼠胃粘膜损伤的保护作用

目的:观察不同剂量雷公藤甲素(Tri)致小鼠胃粘膜损伤的作用以及茶多酚(TP)对其损害的保护作用,并初步探讨相关机制。方法:昆明种小鼠70只,雌雄各半,随机分成5组:高剂量Tri组(0.03 mg/kg)、低剂量Tri组(0.015mg/kg)、高剂量Tri(0.03 mg/kg)+TP(300 mg/kg)组、低剂量Tri(0.015 mg/kg)+TP(300 mg/kg)组和正常对照组。各组按相应剂量每日灌胃给药60 d后观察各组小鼠胃粘膜损伤指数,测定胃组织匀浆MDA含量、SOD活性并行胃粘膜病理组织学检查。结果:与对照组相比,低剂量Tri组、高剂量Tri组均可见胃粘膜明显损伤,胃粘膜损伤指数显著升高(P<0.05),胃组织匀浆MDA的含量显著提高,SOD活性显著降低(P<0.05),病理组织学均可见显著胃粘膜上皮细胞变性坏死等改变;高剂量Tri+TP组、低剂量Tri+TP组胃组织匀浆MDA含量、SOD活性无显著性改变,病理组织学轻度异常。结论:Tri对小鼠胃粘膜有一定的损害,而TP具有很好的保护作用,其机制与对抗组织脂质过氧化反应有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.