医疗设备电气安全检测实践与结果分析

随着医疗设备电气化程度的不断提高,电气安全检测对保障医疗安全日益重要.本文参照GB9706.1(IEC60601-1)标准,重点测量了本院82台不同类型电子医疗设备的6项主要电气安全指标,包括保护接地阻抗、绝缘阻抗、对地漏电流、机壳漏电流、患者漏电流、患者辅助漏电流等,对结果进行分析,发现接地阻抗偏高是最主要的安全问题,占未达标数的90.5%,同时电源线、连接点、插头标准等因素也影响电气安全.分析结果表明,有针对性的维修处理可明显改善电气安全指标,定期进行医疗设备电气安全检测意义重大.     

医疗设备电气安全的漏电流检测

本文介绍了国标中医疗设备漏电流分类和允值规定,描述了FLUKE PR0601电气安全分析仪漏电流检测步骤,阐述了医疗设备在日常使用和维护中的用电安全和电气安全项目检测的要点及方法.     

医疗设备电气安全特性的测试与评价

电气安全特性是医疗设备安全性的重要环节.本文指出漏电流引起的微电击是医疗设备电气安全事故产生的主要原因.根据GB9706.1-2007标准的规定,探讨了医疗设备接地电阻和四种漏电流的测试方法,以及评价电气安全特性的原则.     

台湾产越圣手术电刀故障检修3例

故障1 越圣200型手术电刀通电后干燥、电切、电凝、混切正常,但病人身体上的负极板处,肌肉痉挛,抽动,现漏电现象.故障分析与排除电刀是利用高频(RF)电流来切开组织和达到止血效果.因为低于一万赫兹(10kHz)以下的频率会刺激病人的肌肉和神经.使病人受到电憾.这说明有低频电流流过人体而漏电.从电刀的电切、电凝等功能来看,说明高频振荡电路部分工作正常.根据电路原理图分析,可能有电容损坏变质而出现漏电.于是用万用表测量电容,当测C68、C24发现严重漏电,所以使低频电流流过出现漏电.于是换掉C68、C24(1600pF2kV)电容后,用示波器测量低频电流没有了.加到人体上一切正常,不再漏电,故障排除.     

频谱多普勒检查对肾动脉狭窄致高血压病的应用价值

目的利用彩超频谱多普勒技术,探讨肾动脉狭窄与高血压病之间的联系。方法对30例患者60个肾的肾动脉狭窄致高血压病病例（A组）,及30例60个肾的正常对照组（B组）,在彩色多普勒血流显像清晰显示主肾动脉血流时采样,测量主肾动脉血流参数,经统计学方法,分析其相关性。结果两组血流参数测值中,肾动脉内径狭窄者与肾动脉内径正常者之间,峰值血流速度（Vmax）有着显著差异。结论对不明原因的高血压病者,可以通过彩超频谱多普勒技术对患者主肾动脉血流参数进行测定,获取客观的、有价值的数据指标,明确肾动脉狭窄的存在与否,指导高血压病患者的临床诊治。     

经阴道超声对诱导排卵子宫内膜容受性的研究

目的：探讨经阴道超声在综合评价诱导排卵患者子宫内膜容受性中的临床价值。方法：对50例（147个月经周期）接受促排卵治疗的患者,在注射绒毛膜促性腺激素日行经阴道超声检查,观测子宫内膜及内膜下血流分型及子宫动脉血流动力学各项参数;按是否妊娠分两组,比较两组之间各指标差异是否具有统计学意义。结果：子宫内膜及内膜下血流两组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;子宫动脉血流动力学参数,即搏动指数、阻力指数比较,两组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：注射绒毛膜促性腺激素日经阴道超声综合观测子宫内膜及内膜下血流、子宫动脉血流动力学各项参数有助于评价子宫内膜容受性,预测妊娠结局。     

中国人血粘弹性参数正常值及其临床应用

1988年1月～1992年12月,对中国人血粘弹性参数正常值及临床应用进行了系列研究。 (一)研制低剪切-30流变测定仪,提供正弦剪切流测定血液粘弹性参数新方法。并研究了血细胞压积、血浆浓度和正弦剪切流频率等因素与血液粘弹性参数之间的定量关系。     

彩超联合监测妊娠高血压疾病胎儿及患者动脉的临床意义

目的探讨彩超联合监测妊娠高血压疾病胎儿脐动脉、大脑中动脉及患者子宫动脉血流的临床意义。方法应用彩超对妊娠高血压疾病患者多血流多参数进行联合分析。结果各动脉相应参数在疾病不同程度中有不同变化,提示围生儿结局异常程度也不同。结论监测多条血管多血流指标变化,明显优于单血管监测,较其他的监测结论更可靠,能更准确的反映胎儿宫内情况,具有重要临床意义。     

医用电气设备电磁兼容整改与对电击危险防护测试的关联性分析

目的研究医用电气设备电磁兼容整改对电气安全中漏电流、剩余电压和电介质强度的影响。方法从安全相关标准和电磁兼容整改措施出发,结合理论分析和相关设备实际案例对关联性进行了分析。结果电磁兼容整改会影响设备的漏电流、剩余电压和电介质强度测试结果,造成潜在的安全风险。结论提醒医用电气设备生产企业、检测与整改机构重视电磁兼容和电气安全的关联性,有利于提高产品的质量和测试效率。     

慢性盆腔疼痛综合征对精液质量的影响

目的探讨慢性盆腔疼痛综合症对精液质量的影响。方法分析25例慢性盆腔疼痛综合症患者及25例年龄匹配的正常男性的精液常规及分析资料,将这些资料进行对比,观察他们之间的区别。同时,分析慢性盆腔疼痛综合症患者精液参数与症状持续时间的关系。结果慢性盆腔疼痛综合症组和正常对照组之间在射精量、精子活力及果糖浓度之间差别显著;其他参数差别不显著。慢性盆腔疼痛综合症组有2例无精子,对照组没有发现无精子患者。前列腺痛持续时间与精液参数无关。结论慢性盆腔疼痛综合症患者精子活力及果糖浓度较对照组显著下降,此结论支持慢性盆腔综合症是器质性病变,而不是心理性病因所致。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.