严重高血糖2型糖尿病患者血糖控制前后C肽水平的变化

目的 :观察严重高血糖 2型糖尿病患者血糖控制前后血浆C肽水平的变化 ,了解其对胰岛B细胞功能的影响。方法 :选择 30例新诊断的严重高血糖 2型糖尿病患者 ,其空腹血糖 (FBG) >1 5 .0 0mmol·L-1 ,馒头餐后 2h血糖 (2hPBG) >2 0 .0 0mmol·L-1 ,糖化血红蛋白 (HBA1C) >1 0 %。测定其治疗前后FBG、2hPBG、HBA1C水平和评价胰岛B细胞功能的空腹C肽 (FCP)水平、馒头餐后 2hC肽 (2hPCP)水平。结果 :治疗前后FBG(1 6 .78± 1 .5 8)mmol·L-1 vs (6 .78± 0 .89)mmol·L-1 、2hPBG(2 2 .7± 1 .97)mmol·L-1 vs (8.82± 0 .94 )mmol·L-1 、HBA1C(1 1 .5 6± 1 .4 2 ) %vs(7.82± 1 .0 1 ) %及FCP(0 .6 2± 0 .1 6 ) μg·L-1 vs(1 .6 7± 0 .4 6 ) μg·L-1 ,2hPCP(1 .86± 0 .1 2 ) μg·L-1 vs(3.84± 0 .84 ) μg·L-1 ,差异均具有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :严重高血糖可抑制胰岛B细胞功能 ,血糖控制后胰岛B细胞功能可得以改善     

Graves病患者治疗前后细胞因子的变化

目的　测定 Graves病 (GD)患者血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF- α)、白细胞介素 1(IL- 1)、白细胞介素 2 (IL- 2 )、白细胞介素 6 (IL - 6 )的水平及在抗甲状腺药物治疗过程中的变化 .方法　 32例 GD患者在确诊时、治疗约 6周和 6月时用放射免疫法测定血清 TNF- α,IL- 1,IL- 2 ,IL- 6 ,TSH,TT3,TT4的水平 . 2 5例年龄与性别相匹配的健康志愿者作为正常对照 .结果　 1与正常对照组相比 ,TNF- α在缓解前明显降低 (1.0 1± 0 .18)μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,缓解中开始升高(1.2 7± 0 .19)μg· L- 1 ,缓解后继续升高 (1.42± 0 .17)μg·L- 1 ,但仍低于正常对照组 (1.6 9± 0 .15 ) μg· L- 1 ;IL- 1,IL-6在缓解前明显升高 (0 .39± 0 .0 9)μg· L- 1 ,(1.79± 0 .2 1)μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1) ,缓解中即降低 (0 .2 8± 0 .0 7) μg· L- 1 ,(1.5 1± 0 .19) μg· L- 1 ,缓解后 (0 . 2 1± 0 . 0 7) μg· L- 1 ,(1.40± 0 .2 1)μg· L- 1 与正常对照组 (0 .2 0± 0 .0 6 )μg· L- 1 ,(1.41± 0 .16 )μg· L- 1 无显著差异 ;IL - 2在缓解前明显降低(4 .2± 1.2 ) μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1) ,缓解中即升高 (5 .0± 1.7)μg· L - 1 ,缓解后 (6 .1± 2 .7) μg· L- 1与正常对照组 (6 .3± 2 .3)μg· L- 1无显著     

新生儿窒息脐血一氧化氮和血糖水平与其预后关系

目的　探讨新生儿窒息脐血一氧化氮 (NO)及血糖的变化。方法　对 30例窒息新生儿脐血NO和血糖水平进行检测 ,并与 32例正常新生儿比较。结果　窒息组的脐血NO-2 (43.74± 13.2 0 μmol·L-1)、血糖 (5 .6 3± 1.2 0mmol·L-1)明显高于对照组脐血NO-2 (2 7.2 8± 9.5 2 μmol·L-1)和血糖 (3.6 5± 0 .79mmol·L-1) (P <0 .0 1) ;重度窒息组脐血NO-2 (6 0 .17± 9.93μmol·L-1)和血糖 (7.2 5± 0 .5 4mmol·L-1)显著高于轻度窒息组 (36 .72± 6 .33μmol·L-1和 4.93± 0 .5 3mmol·L-1) (P <0 .0 1) ;NO和血糖水平呈显著正相关 ,而且脐血NO水平与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病密切相关。结论　新生儿窒息脐血NO和血糖水平的测定具有重要临床意义     

仙人掌提取物对小鼠血糖的影响

目的 :探讨仙人掌水性和酸性提取物对小鼠血糖的影响。方法 :糖尿病小鼠造模成功后分为 5组 :仙人掌酸提物 2个剂量组 (0 .5g·kg-1·d-1和 1.0g·kg-1·d-1) ,水提物 2个剂量组和优降糖组 (2 0 0mg·kg-1·d-1)。正常小鼠灌注等量生理盐水作为正常对照。 6组小鼠均连续给药 2 1d后测血糖。结果 :给药后仙人掌酸提物 2个剂量组血糖均较给药前降低 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ,2个剂量组间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但 2组与优降糖组相比 ,P均 <0 .0 5 ;水提物 2个剂量组给药前后血糖无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :仙人掌酸提物有降血糖作用     

中、晚期慢性肾衰竭患者的蛋白摄入及营养状况

目的　评估非限制饮食的中、晚期慢性肾衰 (CRF)患者饮食蛋白摄入 (DPI)和营养状况。方法　在 36例中、晚期透析前CRF患者和 2 0例正常对照组中 ,测定DPI和营养指标 ,包括血清白蛋白 (Alb)、转铁蛋白 (TF)、前白蛋白 (pre Alb)、胰岛素样生长因子 1(IGF 1)。结果　CRF患者DPI(0 78± 0 2 5 )g·kg-1·d-1低于正常对照组 (1 0 4± 0 31)g·kg-1·d-1,P <0 0 1;Alb、TF亦显著减低 (P均 <0 0 1)。其中 10例CRF患者DPI <0 6 g·kg-1·d-1(2 8% ) ;DPI <0 6g·kg-1·d-1的CRF患者 (n =10 )与DPI≥ 0 6g·kg-1·d-1(n =2 6 )比较 ,Alb为 (2 7 7± 6 1) g·L-1、(35 3± 8 9) g·L-1,TF为 (1 5 8± 0 31) g·L-1、(2 74± 0 5 6 ) g·L-1,pre Alb为 (0 2 3± 0 0 8) g·L-1、(0 33± 0 10 ) g·L-1,P <0 0 1;IGF 1(1 36± 0 30 )nmol·L-1、(2 2 4± 0 6 2 )nmol·L-1,P<0 0 5。结论　大多数中、晚期CRF患者在透析前已发生营养不良 ,而伴有低饮食蛋白摄入患者更为明显。应适时监测并纠正营养不良的发生     

餐后不同时间急性运动负荷对NIDDM患者的降糖作用

【目的】研究餐后不同时间急性运动负荷对非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病 (NIDDM )患者降糖作用的差异。【方法】 18例NIDDM患者 3d中分别于餐后 30、6 0和 90min进行为时 30min最大氧耗量的 6 0 %的运动强度的急性运动负荷 ,观察餐后 30min至 2 10min内血糖变化 ,与试验前 1d不进行运动的同样时间对照。【结果】餐后 90min运动时 ,餐后 30min至 2 10min时间内 ,血糖 时间曲线下面积显著降低 (2 5 4mmol·h·L-1± 5 1mmol·h·L-1降至 2 1 3mmol·h·L-1± 4 4mmol·h·L-1,P <0 0 5 ) ,运动结束时 ,有显著的即时降糖效应 (8 2mmol·L-1± 1 8mmol·L-1降至 5 4mmol·L-1± 1 4mmol·L-1,P <0 0 1) ,而且运动结束后的血糖下降平稳 ;餐后 6 0min运动仅对运动结束时的血糖有显著的即时降糖效应 (8 3mmol·L-1±2 1mmol·L-1降至 6 8mmol·L-1± 1 7mmol·L-1) ,而餐后 30min运动对上述 3项指标无显著改变。【结论】餐后 90min为NIDDM患者进行运动的最佳时间。     

番泻叶提取物对豚鼠结肠平滑肌细胞的收缩作用（英文）

目的　研究番泻叶提取物对游离的豚鼠结肠平滑肌细胞收缩的影响 .方法用含 1 g· L-1胶原酶及 0 .1 g· L-1大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂的消化液消化 ,获得游离的单个豚鼠结肠平滑肌细胞 ;将不同浓度番泻叶提取物加入细胞悬液中 ,用测微尺观察随机遇到的 50个细胞长轴变化情况 ,计算用药前后细胞平均长度 .结果　成功获得了游离的结肠平滑肌细胞 .证实不同浓度的番泻叶提取物 (0 .2 2 ,0 .44,0 .89g· L-1 )与平滑肌细胞共孵育后 ,可使细胞的平均长度缩短为 (93±2 0 ) ,(86± 2 5) ,(85± 1 5)μm,生理盐水对照组为 (1 0 2± 2 3)μm,细胞长度下降的百分数为 8.7% ,1 5.7%和 1 6.6% ,与对照组相比有显著差异 (P<0 .0 5) ;在剂量为 0 .2 2～ 0 .89g·L-1 范围内 ,番泻叶对平滑肌细胞的收缩作用逐渐增强 (P<0 .0 5) ,呈剂量 -效应关系 .结论　番泻叶提取物对豚鼠结肠平滑肌细胞有直接的收缩作用     

纳络酮对硬膜外泵注芬太尼所致阿片类副反应的影响

目的　评估低浓度纳络酮对患者自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)引起阿片类药副反应的影响 .方法　选在腰麻和硬膜外联合麻醉下行全子宫切除术后患者 15 0例 ,ASA ～ 级 ,随机分成 3组行 PCEA.A组 :芬太尼 (4 mg· L- 1 ) +布吡卡因 (0 .5 g· L- 1 ) +肾上腺素 (2 mg· L- 1 ) .B组 :A组 + (4mg· L- 1 )纳络酮 .C组 :A组 + (6 m g· L- 1 )纳络酮 .定时记录视觉模拟疼痛评分 (VAS) ,芬太尼用量 ,恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒发生率及评分 .结果　 3组芬太尼用量约为 0 .30 μg· kg- 1· h- 1 ,B,C两组纳络酮用量分别为 (0 .30± 0 .12 ) μg· kg- 1·h- 1 和 (0 .45± 0 .19)μg· kg- 1 · h- 1 ,2 4h内两种剂量纳络酮均可降低阿片类药副反应恶心、呕吐和皮肤瘙痒的发生率及评分 (P<0 .0 1) ,3组 2 4h内 VAS及芬太尼的用量相似 .结论　 PCEA泵注芬太尼与布吡卡因 ,伍用纳络酮 (0 .3～0 .45μg· kg- 1 · h- 1 )既保证镇痛质量 ,又明显降低阿片类副反应发生率及评分     

皮炎湿疹患者外周血单个核细胞分泌Th1/Th2细胞因子水平检测及意义

目的　探讨 Th1 / Th2细胞因子水平变化在皮炎湿疹发病机制中的作用 .方法　收集 48例皮炎、湿疹患者外周血 ,用 Ficoll- Hypaque分离单个核细胞 ,采用夹心 EL ISA方法检测单个核细胞培养上清中的细胞因子 IFN- γ,(γ-干扰素 ) ,IL - 4(白细胞介素 - 4) ,IL - 1 0 (白细胞介素 ) .结果　皮炎、湿疹组患者 IFN- 水平高于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,其浓度(μg· L- 1)分别为 6 7.7± 2 7.3和 6 5 .2± 2 9.9,对照组浓度(μg· L- 1)为 1 5 .9± 8.2 ;IL- 4水平低于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,皮炎湿疹组浓度 (μg· L- 1)分别为 3 5 .6± 8.9和41 .6± 1 1 .8,对照组浓度 (μg· L- 1)为 85 .2± 2 2 .1 ;IL- 1 0水平在两组间无显著差异 ,皮炎湿疹组浓度 (μg· L- 1)分别为76 3 .3± 1 42 .2和 789.9± 1 3 1 .6 ,对照组浓度 (μg· L- 1)为72 9.6± 1 6 8.5 .结论　 Th1型细胞因子在皮炎湿疹的发生发展中起重要的作用     

灵芝多糖对小鼠糖耐量的影响

目的 :探讨灵芝多糖对正常和糖尿病小鼠糖耐量的影响。方法 :采用腹腔注射四氧嘧啶 (2 0 0 mg· kg- 1 )诱导小鼠造成糖尿病模型 ,分别观察单次给予 0 .5 g·kg- 1、1.5 g· kg- 1灵芝多糖后 ,正常和糖尿病小鼠糖耐量的改变。结果 :灵芝多糖 0 .5 g· kg- 1仅能显著降低糖尿病小鼠餐后 1h和 2 h血糖 ,而灵芝多糖 1.5 g·kg- 1对正常和糖尿病小鼠餐后 1h和 2 h血糖均有显著降低作用。结论 :灵芝多糖能改善正常和四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠糖耐量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.