首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 640 毫秒
1.

目的 比较环泊酚和丙泊酚在老年患者纤维结肠镜治疗中的镇静效果。

方法 选择行纤维结肠镜治疗的老年患者330例,男179例,女151例,年龄65~84岁,BMI 18~29 kg/m2,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。随机分为两组:环泊酚组(C组,n=160)和丙泊酚组(P组,n=162)。C组麻醉诱导给予环泊酚0.4 mg/kg,麻醉维持泵注环泊酚1~1.5 mg·kg-1·h-1,P组麻醉诱导给予丙泊酚2 mg/kg,麻醉维持泵注丙泊酚4~6 mg·kg-1·h-1。记录镇静成功率、诱导时间、完全清醒时间,麻醉诱导前(T0)、进镜时(T1)、进镜后10 min(T2)、完全清醒时(T3)时SBP、DBP、BIS,术中心动过缓、低血压、低氧血症、注射痛、体动,气道干预、术中追加镇静和术后恶心呕吐发生情况。

结果 与P组比较,C组T2时SBP、DBP明显升高(P<0.05),T2和T3时BIS明显降低(P<0.05),术中低氧血症和注射痛发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。两组镇静成功率、诱导时间、完全清醒时间,术中心动过缓、低血压、体动发生率,气道干预、术中追加镇静和术后恶心呕吐发生率差异无统计学意义。

结论 与丙泊酚比较,环泊酚在老年患者纤维结肠镜治疗中有同样的镇静效果,且有着更低的低氧血症和注射痛发生率,值得临床推广。  相似文献   

2.

目的: 探讨术中持续输注胰岛素对心肺转流(CPB)心脏手术患者心肌血流灌注的影响。
方法: 选择择期行CPB心脏手术患者48例,男21例,女27例,年龄55~80岁,BMI 18~28 kg/m2,ASA Ⅱ—Ⅳ级。将患者随机分为两组:胰岛素组(I组,n=25)和对照组(C组,n=23)。两组采用相同麻醉方案。麻醉诱导后I组静脉输注胰岛素30 mU·kg-1·h-1、葡萄糖0.12 g·kg-1·h-1、氯化钾0.06 mmol·kg-1·h-1混合液,C组予以生理盐水10 ml/h输注,均输注至术毕。术中目标血糖值为6.1~11.1 mmol/L。于麻醉诱导后10 min(T2)和术毕(T6)行经食管超声心动图(TEE)检测,记录冠状静脉窦(CS)血流频谱、直径及肺静脉血流频谱,并计算CS净向前血流流速时间积分(VTI)。记录T2、CPB前2 min(T3)、CPB结束时(T52)和T6时的股动脉平均动脉压(MAP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、每搏量(SV)、心脏指数(CI)及外周血管阻力指数(SVRI)。记录麻醉诱导前5 min(T1)、T3、CPB后30 min(T4)、T5、T6、术后6 h(T7)、术后12 h(T8)及术后24 h(T9)时血糖及乳酸浓度。记录术前1 d、术后1、2 d时超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、高敏肌钙蛋白I(hs-TnI)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平。
结果: 与C组比较,I组T6时CS净前向血流VTI及每分钟CS血流量均明显增加(P<0.05),肺静脉心房收缩期峰值流速(ARp)明显减小(P<0.05),T5、T6时SV和CI明显增大、SVRI明显降低(P<0.05),T7、T8时乳酸浓度明显降低(P<0.05),术后1、2 d时hs-CRP和CK-MB水平明显降低(P<0.05),术后2 d时hs-TnI明显降低(P<0.05)。
结论: CPB心脏手术中持续输注胰岛素,同时维持血糖6.1~11.1 mmol/L,可改善心肌血流灌注,减轻术后炎症反应及心肌损伤。  相似文献   

3.

目的 探讨术前超声引导下连续髂筋膜间隙阻滞对老年髋部骨折患者围术期睡眠质量及术后谵妄的影响。
方法 选择老年髋部骨折患者121例,男55例,女66例,年龄65~90岁, BMI 18.5~25.0 kg/m2,ASA Ⅰ—Ⅲ级,采用随机数字表法分为两组:超声引导下连续髂筋膜间隙阻滞组(F组,n=61)和对照组(C组,n=60)。F组于入院后给予经超声引导下连续髂筋膜间隙阻滞,C组常规术前处理。两组采用相同的椎管内麻醉方案实施侧入路股骨头置换术,术后采用相同的术后镇痛方案。采用简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)评估入院后基础认知状态;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评估入院前1个月整体睡眠质量。记录入院时(T1)、髂筋膜间隙阻滞后30 min(C组为入院后相同时间点)(T2)、入室时(T3)、摆放体位时(T4)的疼痛数字评分(NRS)。记录术前及术后7 d每天的里兹睡眠问卷(LSEQ)评分,记录术后7 d内谵妄的发生情况及术后住院时间。记录术后恶心、呕吐、日间嗜睡等不良反应的发生情况。
结果 与C组比较,F组T2—T4时NRS评分明显降低(P<0.05),术前及术后1~3 d LSEQ评分明显升高(P<0.05),术后7 d内谵妄发生率明显降低(P<0.05),谵妄持续时间、术后住院时间明显缩短(P<0.05),日间嗜睡发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。
结论 术前超声引导下连续髂筋膜间隙阻滞可改善老年髋部骨折患者围术期睡眠质量,降低术后谵妄发生率及缩短谵妄持续时间。  相似文献   

4.

目的:观察肩高头后仰位对非插管全身麻醉纤维支气管镜(FOB)检查术中气道梗阻和低氧的影响。
方法:选择拟行无痛FOB检查的患者170例,男97例,女73例,年龄18~64岁,BMI 18.5~28.0 kg/m2,ASA Ⅰ—Ⅲ级。采用随机数字法将患者分为两组:观察组(D组,n=84)和对照组(C组,n=83)。D组采用肩高头后仰位,C组采用平卧位。两组均采用丙泊酚复合舒芬太尼静脉全身麻醉,普通内镜面罩吸氧8~10 L/min,当改良警觉/镇静(MOAA/S)评分≤1分时开始实施FOB检查。记录术中低氧及采取矫正措施例数,麻醉诱导前(T1)、麻醉诱导后1 min(T2)、气管内表面麻醉(T3)、FOB检查时(T4)及检查结束时(T5)的HR、SBP、DBP、SpO2。记录T2时腭后间隙和舌后间隙梗阻程度,术中声门显露情况和内镜医师操作舒适度。记录术后颈部不适、头痛、头晕和恶心呕吐等不良事件的发生情况。
结果:与C组比较,D组术中中度低氧、重度低氧、托下颌和辅助通气发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。与T1时比较,两组T3、T4时HR明显增快(P<0.05),T2、T4、T5时SBP和DBP明显降低(P<0.05),T2时SpO2明显升高(P<0.05),T4时SpO2明显降低(P<0.05);C组T3时SpO2明显降低(P<0.05)。与C组比较,D组T4时SpO2明显升高(P<0.05),T2时舌后间隙无梗阻发生率明显升高,完全梗阻发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。与C组比较,D组声门显露差发生率明显降低,内镜医师操作舒适度明显升高(P<0.05)。两组术后不良事件发生率差异无统计学意义。
结论:肩高头后仰位可减轻非插管全身麻醉FOB检查术中的气道梗阻,降低术中低氧的发生率。  相似文献   

5.

目的 观察不同剂量右美托咪定对胃肠道恶性肿瘤根治术患者围术期电解质及术后康复的影响。
方法 选择择期全麻下胃肠道恶性肿瘤根治术患者106例,男40例,女66例,年龄55~75岁,BMI 18.5~25.0 kg/m2,ASA Ⅰ—Ⅲ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为四组:麻醉诱导前,D1组、D2组和D3组右美托咪定负荷剂量分别为1.0、1.0、0.5 μg/kg(均于10 min内静脉泵注完成),维持剂量分别为0.25、0.5、0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1;C组生理盐水50 ml/h泵注10 min,维持量10 ml/h,四组维持剂量均至术毕前约30 min停止输注。于动脉穿刺完成后5 min(t0)、手术开始后1 h(t1)、术毕(t2)、入PACU后1 h(t3)、术后48 h(t4)测定血清K+、Na+、Ca2+浓度,于t0—t3时测定血清乳酸浓度。记录丙泊酚及瑞芬太尼用量。记录术后48 h内腹腔引流量、镇痛泵总按压次数、镇痛泵有效按压次数、氟比洛芬酯追加例数。记录住院时间及术后肺部感染等并发症的发生情况。
结果 与T0时比较,t4时D1组、D2组和C组血清K+浓度明显升高(P<0.05),t2—t4时D3组血清K+浓度明显升高(P<0.05)。t4时D2组血清K+浓度明显低于C组(P<0.05);t2时D3组血清K+浓度明显高于D2组(P<0.05)。与T0时比较,t4时D1组、D2组和C组血清Na+浓度明显降低(P<0.05)。t4时D1组和D3组血清Na+浓度明显高于C组(P<0.05)。与t0时比较,t4时D1组、D2 组和C组血清Ca2+浓度明显升高(P<0.05)。t3、t4时D3组血清Ca2+浓度明显升高(P<0.05)。t3时D3组血清Ca2+浓度明显高于C组(P<0.05)。与t0时比较,t1时D2组和D3组血清乳酸浓度明显降低(P<0.05)。与C组比较,D2组丙泊酚用量明显减少(P<0.05),D1组、D2组和D3组瑞芬太尼用量明显减少(P<0.05)。四组术后48 h内腹腔引流量、镇痛泵总按压次数、镇痛泵有效按压次数、氟比洛芬酯追加率、住院时间和肺部感染率差异无统计学意义。
结论 右美托咪定的使用未降低胃肠道恶性肿瘤根治术患者围术期K+浓度,负荷剂量0.5 μg/kg、维持剂量0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1可轻度升高入PACU后1 h血清K+浓度,明显降低血清乳酸浓度,减少瑞芬太尼用量,且对术后康复无不利影响。  相似文献   

6.

目的 观察经皮穴位电刺激对髋关节置换术患者术后苏醒期躁动的影响。
方法 选择择期全身麻醉下行髋关节置换术的患者60例,男38例,女22例,年龄60~85岁,BMI 18~28 kg/m 2,ASA Ⅱ或Ⅲ级。随机分为两组:经皮穴位电刺激组(T组)和对照组(C组),每组30例。T组于麻醉诱导前30 min开始经皮穴位电刺激患侧合谷、内关穴持续至手术结束。C组不予电刺激。两组术中均采用全凭静脉麻醉。记录入室时、拔管时、拔管后5、30 min的MAP、HR以及血浆肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、β-内啡肽浓度。采用Riker镇静-躁动评分(SAS)评估苏醒期躁动发生情况。记录麻醉相关不良事件的发生情况。
结果 与入室时比较,拔管时、拔管后5、30 min时C组MAP明显升高(P<0.05),拔管时、拔管后5 min时HR明显增快(P<0.05)。与C组比较,T组拔管时、拔管后5、30 min时MAP明显降低(P<0.05),拔管时、拔管后5 min时HR明显减慢(P<0.05)。与入室时比较,拔管时、拔管后5、30 min时两组血浆肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素浓度明显升高(P<0.05),T组 β-内啡肽浓度明显升高(P<0.05)。与C组比较,拔管时、拔管后5、30 min时T组血浆肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素浓度明显降低(P<0.05),β-内啡肽浓度明显升高(P<0.05)。T组有2例(7%)发生苏醒期躁动,明显少于C组的10例(30%)(P<0.05)。两组麻醉相关不良事件的发生情况差异无统计学意义。
结论 经皮穴位电刺激有利于增加内源性阿片类物质释放,减轻应激反应,有利于苏醒期血流动力学平稳,可有效预防髋关节置换术患者苏醒期躁动。  相似文献   

7.

目的 探讨不同剂量右美托咪定对全麻患者围术期心肌细胞电生理及心功能的影响。
方法 选择2020年9月至2021年3月行择期全麻手术患者69例,男33例,女36例,年龄18~64岁,BMI 18~30 kg/m2,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为四组:右美托咪定负荷剂量1 μg/kg及维持剂量1 μg·kg-1·h-1(D1组)、右美托咪定负荷剂量1 μg/kg及维持剂量0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1(D2组)、右美托咪定负荷剂量0.5 μg/kg及维持剂量0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1(D3组)和生理盐水负荷剂量50 ml/h输注10 min及维持剂量10 ml/h(C组)。于右美托咪定/生理盐水使用前(T1)、负荷剂量完成时(T2)、手术结束即刻(T6)、入PACU后1 h(T7)、术后24 h(T8)、术后48 h(T9)、术后72 h(T10)及术后1个月(T11)时采集12导联心电图,记录QTc间期,计算心脏电生理平衡指数(iCEB)。于T1、T2、手术开始时(T3)、手术开始30 min(T4)、手术开始1 h(T5)、T6、T7时记录心脏循环效率(CCE)等心功能指标。
结果 与C组比较,T2时D1组和D2组QTc间期明显延长(P<0.05),T7、T8时D3组QTc间期明显缩短(P<0.05),T8时D3组iCEB明显减小(P<0.05),T2时D1组和D2组、T3时D1组CCE明显减小(P<0.05)。与D1组比较,D3组T2、T6、T7、T9、T10时QTc间期明显缩短(P<0.05),T8时iCEB明显减小(P<0.05),T2—T4时CCE明显增大(P<0.05)。与D2组比较,D3组T2时QTc间期明显缩短(P<0.05)、T8时iCEB明显减小(P<0.05),T2—T3时CCE明显增大(P<0.05)。
结论 全身麻醉手术中静脉输注右美托咪定负荷剂量0.5 μg/kg及维持剂量0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1可维持患者围术期心肌电生理的稳定,降低心律失常的发生率,且不影响心脏输出效率。  相似文献   

8.

目的 探讨右美托咪定预先喷鼻联合泵注与常规泵注的不同给药方式对口腔颌面外科手术患者术中瑞芬太尼和心率变异性(HRV)的影响。
方法 选择口腔颌面外科的择期手术患者90例,男43例,女47例,年龄18~64岁,BMI 18~25 kg/m2,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为三组:预先喷鼻联合泵注组(PP组)、常规泵注组(CP组)和对照组(C组),每组30例。手术当日入室前45 min,PP组经鼻喷雾右美托咪定0.5 μg/kg,CP组和C组经同样方法给予等量生理盐水。麻醉诱导前10 min,PP组经静脉泵注10 min右美托咪定0.5 μg/kg,CP组经静脉泵注10 min右美托咪定1 μg/kg,C组给予等量生理盐水。记录入室Ramsay镇静评分、手术时间、瑞芬太尼诱导和维持用量,入室时(T1)、插管即刻(T2)、切皮后10 min(T3)和拔管即刻(T4)相邻RR间期差值的均方根(RMSSD)、全部窦性RR间期的标准差(SDNN)、低频功率(LF)、高频功率(HF)、总功率(TP)、低频与高频(LF/HF)比值等HRV分析指标、HR、MAP和BIS。记录术后恶心呕吐例数和术后24 h内镇痛药使用情况。
结果 与C组比较,T1时PP组MAP明显降低,RMSSD、SDNN和logTP明显升高,LF/HF比值明显降低(P<0.05),T2—T4时PP组和CP组LF/HF比值明显降低(P<0.05),PP组和CP组瑞芬太尼诱导用量、术后恶心呕吐发生率和24 h镇痛药使用率明显降低(P<0.05)。与CP组比较,T1时PP组RMSSD、SDNN、logLF、logHF、logTP明显升高(P<0.05),T2、T4时PP组logHF明显升高,PP组入室Ramsay镇静评分明显升高,瑞芬太尼维持用量明显降低(P<0.05)。
结论 使用右美托咪定后,HRV分析中与应激水平相关的指标明显降低,并且可明显减少阿片类药物的用量,使用右美托咪定预先喷鼻联合泵注的方式能够进一步减少麻醉维持阶段的阿片类药物用量。  相似文献   

9.

目的 探讨利多卡因对妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后早期自主神经和肠道运动功能的影响。
方法 选择全麻下腹腔镜全子宫双附件切除术患者56例,年龄30~64岁,BMI 18~25 kg/m2,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。将患者随机分为两组:利多卡因组(L组)和对照组(C组),每组28例。L组麻醉诱导时静脉推注利多卡因1.5 mg/kg,术中泵注利多卡因1.5 mg·kg-1·h-1至手术结束,C组给予等量生理盐水。两组麻醉诱导与维持方案相同。记录术前1 d、术后第1、2天心率变异性(HRV)指标,包括总功率对数值(LogTP)、低频功率标准化值(LFnu)、高频功率标准化值(HFnu)、低频与高频功率比值(LF/HF)、全部窦性RR间期的标准差(SDNN)及相邻RR间期差值均方根(RMSSD)。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定术前1 d、术后第1、2天血清IL-6浓度。记录术后第1、2天40项术后恢复质量(QoR-40)评分。记录术后首次肠鸣音、肛门排气、排便和耐受固体食物时间。
结果 与C组比较,L组术后第1天LogTP、HFnu、SDNN、RMSSD明显升高(P<0.05),LFnu和LF/HF明显降低(P<0.05),术后第1、2天IL-6浓度明显降低(P<0.05),QoR-40恢复质量评分明显增高(P<0.05),术后首次肠鸣音、肛门排气、排便和耐受固体食物时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。
结论 术中静脉输注利多卡因可降低妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后早期的交感神经兴奋性,保护副交感活性,促进术后早期肠道运动功能的恢复。  相似文献   

10.

目的 探讨瑞马唑仑应用于经皮穿刺椎体后凸成形术(PKP)患者围术期镇静的效果。
方法 选择行PKP患者80例,男39例,女41例,年龄60~80岁,BMI 18~24 kg/m2,ASA Ⅱ或Ⅲ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组:瑞马唑仑组(RM组)和右美托咪定组(DM组),每组40例。两组依次缓慢静脉注射氟比洛芬酯1 mg/kg、舒芬太尼0.2 μg/kg后,RM组静脉输注瑞马唑仑0.2 mg/kg,DM组静脉输注右美托咪定0.3 μg/kg,输注时间均为10 min,待两组Ramsay评分为3分时,调整药物的输注速度持续镇静(RM组:0.3~0.5 mg·kg-1·h-1;DM组:0.20~0.75 μg·kg-1·h-1),术中镇静深度保持Ramsay评分为3~5分,BIS 60~80。记录镇静用药前(T0)、局麻开始时(T1)、骨水泥注入时(T2)、苏醒时(T3)及苏醒后30 min(T4)的Ramsay评分和BIS。记录镇静起效时间、苏醒时间和术中知晓的发生情况。
结果 与T0时比较,T1、T2时RM组Ramsay评分及BIS均明显降低(P<0.05),T1、T4时DM组Ramsay评分及BIS均明显降低(P<0.05)。与DM组比较,T3、T4时RM组Ramsay评分明显降低、BIS明显升高(P<0.05),RM组镇静起效时间和苏醒时间均明显缩短(P<0.05),RM组术中知晓发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。
结论 瑞马唑仑或右美托咪定用于PKP患者,术中均能获得良好的镇静效果且对患者呼吸及循环功能影响较小。与使用右美托咪定的患者比较,使用瑞马唑仑的患者镇静起效时间和苏醒时间明显缩短、术中知晓发生率明显降低,术后苏醒质量明显提升。  相似文献   

11.
The primary objective of neurophysiologic monitoring during surgery is to avoid permanent neurological injury resulting from surgical manipulation. To prevent motor deficits, either somatosensory (SSEP) or transcranial motor evoked potentials (MEP) are applied. This prospective study was conducted to evaluate if the combined use of SSEP and MEP might be beneficial. Combined SSEP/MEP monitoring was attempted in 100 consecutive procedures, including intracranial and spinal operations. Repetitive transcranial electric motor cortex stimulation was used to elicit MEP from muscles of the upper and lower limb. Stimulation of the tibial and median nerves was performed to record SSEP. Critical SSEP/MEP changes were defined as decreases in amplitude of more than 50% or increases in latency of more than 10% of baseline values. The operation was paused or the surgical strategy was modified in every case of SSEP/MEP changes. Combined SSEP/MEP monitoring was possible in 69 out of 100 operations. In 49 of the 69 operations (71%), SSEP/ MEP were stable, and the patients remained neurologically intact. Critical SSEP/ MEP changes were seen in six operations. Critical MEP changes with stable SSEP occurred in 12 operations. Overall, critical MEP changes were recorded in 18 operations (26%). In 12 of the 18 operations, MEP recovered to some extent after modification of the surgical strategy, and the patients either showed no (n = 10) or only a transient motor deficit (n = 2). In the remaining six operations, MEP did not recover and the patients either had a transient (n = 3) or a permanent (n = 3) motor deficit. Critical SSEP changes with stable MEP were observed in two operations; both patients did not show a new motor deficit. Our data again confirm that MEP monitoring is superior to SSEP monitoring in detecting impending impairment of the functional integrity of cerebral and spinal cord motor pathways during surgery. Detection of MEP changes and adjustment of the surgical strategy might allow to prevent irreversible pyramidal tract damage. Stable SSEP/MEP recordings reassure the surgeon that motor function is still intact and surgery can be continued safely. The combined SSEP/ MEP monitoring becomes advantageous, if one modality is not recordable.  相似文献   

12.
目的:评估体感诱发电位(somatosensory evoked potentials,SSEPs)联合经颅电刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial electric motor evoked potentials,TCe MEPs)在Chiari畸形伴脊柱侧凸患者脊柱后路矫形手术中的应用价值。方法:选取2013年10月~2015年7月在鼓楼医院行脊柱后路矫形手术的63例Chiari畸形伴脊柱侧凸患者,均行术中SSEPs监测,其中50例患者行TCe MEPs监测。回顾性分析患者的术中SSEPs和TCe MEPs等神经电生理监测资料。分别计算单模式SSEPs、单模式TCe MEPs和联合应用SSEPs与TCe MEPs的成功率、报警率、真假阳性率、真假阴性率、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、监测的敏感性和特异性。采用卡方检验比较三种监测模式的监测结果。结果:单模式SSEPs监测成功率为95%,单模式TCe MEPs监测成功率为96%,联合应用SSEPs和TCe MEPs监测成功率为100%;单模式SSEPs监测敏感性为100%,特异性为95%;单模式TCe MEPs监测敏感性为100%,特异性为98%;联合应用SSEPs和TCe MEPs监测敏感性和特异性均为100%;三种监测模式的阴性预测值均为100%;三种模式之间比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。单模式SSEPs监测阳性预测值为25%,单模式TCe MEPs监测阳性预测值为50%,联合应用SSEPs和TCe MEPs监测阳性预测值为100%;三种模式之间比较存在统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:SSEPs和TCe MEPs监测不同的神经传导通路,联合应用两种监测方法可提高Chiari畸形伴脊柱侧凸患者脊柱后路矫形手术中监护的预警价值,获得满意的监护成功率、敏感性及特异性。  相似文献   

13.
Different and complex neuronal systems are involved in the control of continence. Detrusor overactivity has been divided by the International Continence Society into two functional subgroups: a) detrusor instability and b) detrusor hypereflexia. Only in the latter group has neurological damage been shown, but pathophysiological mechanisms are still unknown. In order to complete a full investigation of sensory and motor pathways 12 female patients affected by idiopathic detrusor instability (mean age 60.2 years; range 49–73) and 13 age-matched healthy women were studied. All patients were submitted to a subtracted cistometrogram (CMG), anal sphincter electromyography (EMG) with a bipolar coaxial needle, sacral reflex analysis after stimulation of the dorsal nerve of the clitoris, tibial and pudendal somatosensory evoked potentials, motor evoked potentials after magnetic cortical coil stimulation, and recording from anal sphincter and abductor brevis hallucis muscles. All patients had normal neurophysiological tests, and no significant differences between patients and controls could be seen. Our data confirms the absence of both clinical and subclinical damage of central sensory or motor pathways in detrusor instability; an alteration of suprasegmental mechanisms cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

14.
Electrical activity evoked in a sensory pathway by an external stimulus is termed an evoked potential (EP). EPs are one class of investigations within electrophysiology which also includes areas such as electromyography and electroencephalography. The methodology of recording an EP is well-documented and primarily relies on techniques to detect and extract small responses from a somewhat noisier background signal. The activity being recorded from suitably sited electrodes, typically surface scalp electrodes. The three main modes of stimulation in clinical practice are auditory, visual and somatosensory and each provides a valuable, objective means of investigating the functioning of their respective pathways and diagnosis of pathology. EPs also play a major part in the intraoperative monitoring of surgical procedures. The practical application of EPs will be discussed both in their diagnostic role and as monitoring tools in the operating theatre.  相似文献   

15.
目的:研究右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine, Dex)对特发性脊柱侧弯矫形术中体感诱发电位(somatosensory evoked potentials, SEPs)和经颅电刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial electric motor evoked potentials, TCeMEPs)的影响...  相似文献   

16.
目的 :评估体感诱发电位(somatosensory evoked potentials,SSEPs)联合经颅电刺激运动诱发电位(transcranial electric motor evoked potentials,TCeMEPs)在严重脊柱侧后凸畸形患者矫形内固定术中的应用价值。方法:2015年8月~2017年10月在我院行脊柱后路矫形手术的69例严重僵硬性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者(侧凸或后凸Cobb角90°)术中应用SSEPs和TCeMEPs监测,回顾性分析患者术中SSEPs和TCeMEPs的监测结果,分别计算单模式SSEPs、单模式TCe MEPs和联合应用SSEPs与TCeMEPs的成功率、报警率、真假阳性率、真假阴性率、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、监测的敏感性和特异性等。比较分析采用卡方检验。结果:58例患者SSEPs得到稳定的监测基线,其中5例监测改变达到报警标准,术后2例患者出现了神经损害,3例患者术中监测逐渐恢复,术后无明显神经损害。67例患者TCeMEPs得到稳定基线,术中预警3例,术后2例为真阳性,1例术后无神经损害。单模式SSEPs监测的成功率为84.1%(58/69),预警率为8.6%(5/58),真阳性率为3.4%(2/58),误检率为5.2%(3/58),真阴性率为91.4%(53/58),漏检率为0(0/58),阳性预测值为40%(2/5),阴性预测值为100%(53/53),敏感性为100%(53/53),特异性为94.6%(53/56)。TCeMEPs监测的成功率为97.1%(67/69),预警率为4.4%(3/67),真阳性率为3.0%(2/67),误检率为1.5%(1/67),真阴性率为95.5%(64/67),漏检率为0(0/67)、阳性预测值为66%(2/3),阴性预测值为100%(64/64),敏感性为100%(64/64),特异性为98.5%(64/65)。联合应用SSEPs和TCe MEPs监测的预警率为3.4%(2/58),真阳性率为3.4%(2/58),误检率为0(0/58),真阴性率为96.6%(56/58),漏检率为0(0/58),阳性预测值、阴性预测值、敏感性与特异性均为100%。三种模式的成功率、预警率、真阳性率、真阴性率、漏检率、阴性预测值、敏感性及特异性无统计学差异(P0.05),误检率及阳性预测值有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论 :联合应用SSEPs和TCeMEPs两种监测方法可提高严重脊柱侧后凸畸形患者矫形手术中神经监测的预警价值,降低术中不可逆神经损伤风险。  相似文献   

17.
本文对146例阴茎勃起障碍病人的阴部神经诱发电位(PudendalEPs)进行了检测分析,其中骨盆骨折31例,腰椎骨折11例,盆腔手术9例,高血压16例,糖尿病17例,严重手淫62例。分析结果:阴部皮层体感神经诱发电位(CPEP)、骶髓反射时(SRL)和生殖皮层运动诱发电位(CMEP)总体异常率在骨盆骨折、腰椎损伤、盆腔手术、高血压、糖尿病及严重手淫组分别为51.61%、54.55%、77.77%、31.25%、47.05和32.26%,超强度电流刺激在骨盆骨折、腰椎损伤、盆腔手术、高血压、糖尿病及严重手淫组依次为55.55%、45.54%、41.17%、38.70%、30.60%和6.25%。研究结果表明:在骨盆骨折、腰椎损伤、盆腔手术及糖尿病人,其PudendalEPs异常率及超强度刺激率都相当高。提示在这些病人中阴部神经受损的机率较高,而PudendalEPs检测将有助于阴茎勃起障碍的病因学诊断  相似文献   

18.
Both brainstem auditory evoked potentials and short latency somatosensory evoked potentials were studied in a surgically successfully treated case of brainstem hematoma. The brainstem lesion, evaluated neurologically, radiologically, and surgically, was restricted to the right side of the pons. Comparison between the preoperative and postoperative evoked potentials indicated that wave III is dependent on an intact auditory pathway in the pons of the same side. Wave V appears to have a projection mainly, but not exclusively, from the generator of wave III on the same side. The neural generator of the P15, recorded from the scalp with an ear reference, appears to be in the medial lemniscus above the level of the pons.  相似文献   

19.
Multimodally evoked potentials were registered in 85 patients who fulfilled the criteria for brain death. While samatosensory and visual evoked potentials have been found to be of limited value for the diagnosis of brain death, the stepwise abolition of brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) confirmed brain death in 26 out of 85 patients, i. e. 31%.Registration of the abolition of BAEP is concluded to be a safe and acceptable confirmatory test. It is, however, more feasible for institutions, in which BAEP are analysed routinely. In spite of all efforts sequential BAEP could not be used for the diagnosis of brain death in the majority of cases either because of absence of reproducible responses at the initial registration or because the patient was already apnoic at the time of the initial BAEP. Assuming that bilateral preservation of wave I has the same significance as the stepwise abolition of BAEP, since it also proves the integrity of the peripheral receptor, BAEP are relevant for the declaration of brain death in approximately 30% of patients.  相似文献   

20.
Previous studies have yielded conflicting data concerning the value of evoked potential parameters in the assessment of clinical relevance of cervical cord compression in clinically “silent” cases. The aim of this study was to assess the value of somatosensory (SEP) and motor evoked potentials (MEP) in the evaluation and prediction of the clinical course, by means of a 2-year follow-up prospective electrophysiological and clinical study performed in patients with clinically “silent” spondylotic cervical cord compression. Thirty patients with MR signs of spondylotic cervical cord compression but without clinical signs of myelopathy were evaluated clinically and using SEPs and MEPs during a 2-year period. The results of the study showed that SEPs and MEPs documented subclinical involvement of cervical cord in 50% of patients with clinically “silent” spondylotic cervical cord compression. During the 2-year period clinical signs of cervical myelopathy were observed in one-third of patients with entry EP abnormality in comparison with no patients with normal EP tests. Combined SEPs and MEPs proved to be a valuable tool in the assessment of the functional relevance of subclinical spondylotic cervical cord compression. Normal EP findings predict a favourable 2-year clinical outcome. Received: 27 February 1998 Revised: 8 June 1998 Accepted: 30 June 1998  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号