脑缺血再灌注后酪氨酸蛋白激酶和蛋白磷酸酶的活性变化及其机制(英文)

目的:研究脑缺血再灌注后沙土鼠海马突触体蛋白质酪氨酸激酶(PTK)和蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶(PTP)活性的变化及其引起变化的机制。方法:双侧颈总动脉结扎(15min)形成全脑缺血模型;放射性同位素γ-~(32)P掺入法和比色法分别测定了总PTK和PTP的活性,免疫沉淀和γ-~(32)P放射性同位素测定Src和PYK_2活性,免疫印渍测定Src和PYK_2蛋白表达量。结果:①脑缺血再灌注引起PTK活性升高,而PTP活性不变。②在假手术对照组中,Src比PYK_2活性高,脑缺血再灌引起Src活性明显升高,而PYK_2活性无显著变化。③脑缺血前腹腔分别给予氯胺酮和硝苯地平,都能拮抗脑缺血再灌注引起的PTK和Src活性的升高,但对PTP活性无影响。结论:脑缺血再灌注能诱导沙土鼠海马突触体总的PTK活性升高,而对PTP活性无影响,PTK活性的升高主要是Src活性的增加而与PYK_2无关;脑缺血再灌注诱导PTK和Src活性升高是通过NR和L-型电压门控钙通道介导的,即与这两种钙通道的激活有关,而与其蛋白表达量无关。     

Two new clerodane diterpenoids and a new pyran-2-one derivative with anti-neuroinflammatory activities from Croton crassifolius

Journal of Natural Medicines - Two new clerodane diterpenoids (1 and 2), a new pyran-2-one derivative (3), along with five known compounds (4?8), were isolated from Croton...     

偏头痛大鼠硬脑膜及三叉神经节上TRPV1的表达变化

目的:观察TRPV1在偏头痛大鼠硬脑膜及三叉神经节上的表达变化。方法:取健康成年雄性SD大鼠60只,按随机数字法分为对照组(control组)、实验复方致炎剂(inflammation soup,IS)1 d组(IS 1 d组)、实验IS 3 d组(IS 3 d组)和实验IS 6 d组(IS 6 d组)。在雄性SD大鼠硬脑膜上埋置PE-10管,实验组分别给予1 d、3 d、6 d IS 20μl/d及对照组给予6天等量生理盐水。采用WesternBlot、免疫荧光法和Real-Time PCR法检测TRPV1在硬脑膜及三叉神经节上的表达情况。结果:对照组和实验组大鼠硬脑膜及三叉神经节上均可见TRPV1表达;与对照组相比,实验组硬脑膜、三叉神经节上TRPV1蛋白表达量、阳性细胞数及mRNA明显升高,以实验IS 6 d组最高(P<0.05)。结论:TRPV1在偏头痛大鼠硬脑膜及三叉神经节上的表达增加。TRPV1表达上调可能是偏头痛外周敏化的重要机制之一。     

肝豆状核变性28例误诊分析

肝豆状核变性,又称Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ病,是一种以铜代谢障碍为特征的常染色体隐性遗传病,临床特点为肝硬化、大脑基底节软化和变性,以及角膜色素环（Ｋ－Ｆ环）,伴有铜代谢障碍、血清铜蓝蛋白减少和氨基酸尿症［１］。由于其首发症状复杂多样,易误诊。我们将１９９０年５...     

Rheumatologic manifestations of hepatic diseases

A possible link is suggested between hepatic diseases and rheumatic disease. Polyarthralgia and polyarthritis may be seen during the prodromal period of acute viral hepatitis, especially in hepatitis B virus (HBV). The symptoms of arthritis, mild, localized or generalized, mostly involve the small joints of hands. Joint symptoms frequently precede the onset of jaundice, no residual joint deformities. Circulating immune complexes are believed to play a causative role in the development of vasculitis and arthritis. Hemochromatosis is an antosomal recessive disorder of iron. About 43%-81% of patients with hemochromatosis have arthritis. The common extrahepatic manifestations of autoimmune hepatitis are arthralgia and skin rash. The reported prevalence of symptomatic inflammatory arthropathy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis ranges from 4% to 50%. Skeletal involvement with Wilson's disease is common. Such patients may complain of pain and stiffness, mainly in the knee, wrist, or other large joints. Shwachman's syndrome is a disorder of pancreatic exocrine. Symmetric bone lesions have been reported in 10% to 15% of patients. They are involved predominantly at the femoral neck. Rheumatic symptoms are seen in one third of adult patients with cystic fibrosis and arthritis in 2.5% to 12% of patients. The arthritis caused by pancreatic panniculitis is usually symmetrical and involves the small joints of the hand, wrist, and feet, but may involve such larger joints as the elbow, ankle, and knee.     

Detection of human liver-specific F antigen in serum and its preliminary application

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｓｐａｒｔａｔｅａｍｉｎｏｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒａｓｅ（ＡＳＴ）ａｎｄａｌａｎｉｎｅａｍｉｎｏｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒａｓｅ（ＡＬＴ）ａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙａｒｅｕｓｕａｌｙｕｓｅｄａｓｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｒｉｔｅｒｉａｆｏｒｔｈｅｅｖａｌ...     

有氧训练对阿尔茨海默病模型大鼠海马神经细胞凋亡及再生的影响

目的:观察有氧训练对Aβ_25-35诱导的阿尔茨海默病（AD）大鼠海马神经细胞凋亡及再生的影响。方法:SD大鼠48只,随机分为3组（均n=16）:①假手术组（于大鼠侧脑室注射等量生理盐水+4周有氧训练）;②AD+有氧训练组(于大鼠侧脑室注射Aβ_25-35制作AD大鼠模型+4周有氧训练);③AD组(仅于大鼠侧脑室注射Aβ_25-35制作AD模型)。AD造模后第3天开始进行连续4周的无负重游泳训练,训练结束后各组大鼠分别行Morris水迷宫行为学检测认知行为能力、Hoechst染色观察海马神经细胞凋亡、BrdU/NeuN荧光双染观察齿状回（DG）区新生神经细胞分化及成熟。结果:①Morris水迷宫实验显示,与对照组相比,AD组逃避潜伏期显著延长（P<0.05）;AD+有氧训练组逃避潜伏期较AD组显著缩短（P<0.05）。②与对照组比,AD组齿状回区Hoechst阳性细胞显著增多（P<0.05）;AD+有氧训练组Hoechst阳性细胞较AD组显著减少（P<0.05）。③与对照组比,AD组齿状回Brdu、Brdu/NeuN双染阳性细胞明显减少（P<0.05）;AD+有氧训练组较AD组相比齿状回Brdu、Brdu/NeuN双染阳性细胞明显增多（P<0.05）。结论:有氧训练后,AD大鼠海马亚颗粒细胞区神经细胞的凋亡减少,齿状回神经再生增加,上述改变可能为有氧训练改善AD大鼠认知行为能力的机制之一。     

γ-谷氨酰转移酶与急性脑梗死的关系研究

目的探讨γ-谷氨酰转移酶(γ-GT)与急性脑梗死的关系,为急性脑梗死的防治提供参考。方法本研究采用回顾性分析,纳入急性脑梗死患者131例,对照组随机选取健康体检人群108例。收集基线资料及血液检测指标,对所收集的数据均进行统计分析。结果急性脑梗死组患者性别、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、γ-GT水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。吸烟(OR=3. 286,P=0. 001)、高血压(OR=6. 072,P=0. 000)、糖尿病(OR=2. 046,P=0. 043)和γ-GT (OR=1. 027,P=0. 002)为急性脑梗死的危险因素。γ-GT水平的曲线下面积AUC为0. 686(95%CI 0. 617～0. 754,P 0. 05)。结论血清γ-GT是急性脑梗死的危险因素,γ-GT水平对急性脑梗死的发生具有一定预测作用。     

Conductive keratoplasty: an approach for the correction of residual hyperopia in post-lasik pseudophakia

Although there are many formulae for the calculation of intraocular lens power in the eyes with previous kerato-refractive surgeries, unexpected refractive bias still exists. Hyperopic bias is particularly disliked because it affects both uncorrected distance and near visual acuity. Surgical treatment of the residual hyperopia for the eyes with both laser in situ keratomileusis and cataract surgery remains to be a big problem. Conductive keratoplasty has been shown to be an effective, safe and predictable method for low and moderate hyperopia in the pseudophakic eyes or in the eyes with kerato-refractive surgeries. However, the efficacy and safety of conductive keratoplasty in the correction of residual hyperopia after both corneal and lens refractive surgeries has not been reported. Herein, we reported the surgical correction with conductive keratoplasty for cases of residual hyperopia with/without astigmatism after previous laser in situ keratomileusis for high myopia and following phacoemulsification combined with posterior intraocular lens implantation for complicated cataract.     

Elimination of anti-Gal B cells by alpha-Gal ricin1

BACKGROUND: A major barrier in pig to human organ transplantation is the binding of human anti-Gal to alpha-gal epitopes (Gal alpha 1-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc-R) on pig cells, resulting in hyperacute and acute vascular rejection of pig xenografts. Moreover, the immune system in xenograft recipients is activated by these epitopes to produce high affinity anti-Gal, which is also detrimental to xenografts. Production of anti-Gal can be prevented by specific elimination of anti-Gal B cells. This was achieved with the toxin ricin A, coupled to human alpha1-acid glycoprotein modified to carry alpha-gal epitopes. This complex, designated alpha-gal ricin, is targeted in vivo to anti-Gal B cells by interaction with the immunoglobulin molecules (i.e., B cell receptors) on these cells. METHODS: Carbohydrate chains on alpha 1-acid glycoprotein were converted to carry alpha-gal epitopes by enzymatic treatment with recombinant alpha 1,3 galactosyltransferase (alpha 1,3GT). This molecule and ricin A were biotinylated and coupled by avidin to generate alpha-gal ricin. The efficacy of alpha-gal ricin in eliminating anti-Gal B cells was studied in the experimental model of alpha 1,3GT knockout (KO) mice. These mice produce large amounts of anti-Gal immunoglobulin G when immunized with pig kidney membranes, as measured by ELISA with alpha-gal epitopes linked to bovine serum albumin (BSA). In the absence of anti-Gal B cells, these mice lack the ability to produce anti-Gal. RESULTS: Repeated administration of alpha-gal ricin into alpha1,3GT KO mice resulted in elimination of anti-Gal B cells, thereby preventing production of anti-Gal immunoglobulin G after immunization with pig kidney membranes. This prevention of anti-Gal production occurred with doses of alpha-gal ricin that were not toxic to the mice and did not affect production of antibodies with other specificities. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of alpha-gal ricin results in specific elimination of anti-Gal B cells in alpha 1,3GT KO mice. The elimination of these B cells may prove to be helpful in attempts to achieve immune tolerance to alpha-gal epitopes in primates.