环磷酰胺对小鼠肝细胞色素P450含量的影响

目的　了解环磷酰胺 (CP)对小鼠肝细胞色素P4 5 0含量的影响。方法　小鼠腹腔注射CP 2 0mg·kg-1·d-1和CP 4 0mg·kg-1·d-1,连续 4天。以聚乙二醇法制备微粒体 ,测定肝微粒体中P4 5 0的含量。结果　CP 2 0mg·kg-1和CP 4 0mg·kg-1两组动物肝微粒体P4 5 0含量与对照组相比明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　CP具有抑制P4 5 0的作用     

农村正常老年人49例的心电图、动态心电图和心机械图分析

流行学调查发现,我国农村中猝死相当多见。本文拟通过对农村正常老年人的心电图、动态心电图(动心图),和心机械图(心机图)等项资料和农村正常成人的同样资料,进行对比分析,为防治猝死,提供一些必要的数据。     

吸入氧化铜烟雾致金属烟热事故一起

Qian Yalin;Ran Zheng;Li Feng     

GSTT1及GSTM1和CYP2E1基因多态性与二甲基甲酰胺所致肝脏损害的关系

Objective To investigate abnormal liver function associated with polymorphism of GSTT1,GSTM1 and CYP2E1 in workers exposed to N,N- dimethylformamide.Methods Sixty-nine workers with abnormal liver function in a synthetic leather factory were recruited as case.One hundred and twenty five control subjects with similar work tasks were selected from the same factory.Genotypes for GSTT1 and GSTM1 were determined by multiplex PCR,and for CYP2E1 PstI by PCR-RFLP assay.Results The frequency of positive GSTM1 was 59.42% in cases and 38.40% in control,with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.34,95% CI:1.29～4.29 (P=0.005).For GSTT1 and CYP2E1 PstI,the frequencies of genotypes showed no significant difference between case and control.Conclusion GSTM1 positive genotype may be genetic risk factors for development of abnormal liver function in workers exposed to N,N- diroethylformamide.     

294 护理的消极行为及其变革

在美国,护士存在着一些典型的消极行为,这些行为影响了护士表达自己的愤怒或相互支持.但承认这些行为是消极行为是努力变革的第一步.     

动态心电图的临床应用

动态心电图(Dynamic Electrocardiography,DCG,动心图,下同)或称非卧床心电图(Ambulatory Electrocardiography)系美国Holter首创并于1961年用于临床,故又有Holter心电图之称。     

二甲基甲酰胺作业工人皮肤污染量研究

Objective To establish a method for the determination of dimethylformamide(DMF) and investigate dermal contamination and absorption among workers occupationally exposed to DMF. Method 37 workers exposed to DMF were divided randomly into two groups. DMF was washed down by isopropyl alcohol in A group (16 workers) and water in B group(21 workers).Gas chromatography was used for the quantification of dermal contamination and N-methylformamide(NMF) in urine, correlative study was done between them. Results DMF could be detected in all samples in A group, but could not be detected in B group. The miscel-laneous peaks could be completely separated from the DMF peak in the sample spectrum, without matual in-ference. The highest degree of total dermal contamination was observed in wet spinning workshop[(2.84±1.31 ) ing], postprocessing workshop[(2.50±0.95) mg] and dry spinning workshop[( 1.95±0.61) mg] were lower. The respiratory cumulative exposure dosages were 351.3, 201.3 and 135.2 mg respectively. The average DMP concentration in air of the third printing processing workshop, the dry spirning workshop and the wet spinning workshop was 60.2, 89.6, 156.4 mg/m3 respectively, and the respiratory tract contamination in the workers of the three workshops were 135.2, 201.3 and 351.3 mg respectively. There was statistical independence between the quantification of total dermal contamination and NMF in urine (r=0.176,P>0.05). Conclusion Isopropyl alcohol is the effective washing solvent.When the concentration of DMF in workplace air is above the occupa-tional exposure limit, respiratory tract absorption is the principal pathway of DMF absorption,but dermal con-tamination of DMF should not be ignored.     

军校医学生心理素质教育的思考与实践

本文以心理素质教学思想为指导，从教学目的的确立、教学内容的结构、教学方法的实施等环节，对军校医学生的心理素质培养进行了理性的思考和深入的实践探讨。     

二甲基乙酰胺职业接触及与尿中甲基乙酰胺的关系

[目的]探讨职业二甲基乙酰胺（DMAC）接触与尿中甲基乙酰胺（NMAC）的相关性。[方法]对3家氨纶生产企业6个工种201名工人进行空气中DMAC暴露浓度监测及工作周末班末尿样采集,同时对20名纺丝工连续一周空气样品和班末尿样的采集;分别用气相色谱测定空气中DMAC和尿中NMAC含量。[结果]氨纶生产过程中组件清洗工、纺丝工接触DMAC水平最高（P〈0.0033）,中位数分别为32.10、22.02mg/m3,其尿中NMAC浓度较其他工种高（P〈0.0033）,中位数分别为30.09、22.72mg/gCr;工作周末班末尿NMAC含量与空气中DMAC浓度呈直线相关,直线方程为log（U-NMAC）=0.685＋0.455×log（A-DMAC）（r=0.698,P=0.001）;长期DMAC接触者,接触2d后尿中NMAC呈较高水平（P〈0.0033）;个体DMAC接触代谢转化为NMAC的相对内暴露指数（RIE）与DMAC接触浓度呈负相关（rs=-0.781,P=0.001）。[结论]工作周末班末尿NMAC含量与空气中DMAC浓度呈良好对数线性关系。     

肿瘤化疗药物代谢酶遗传多态性的研究进展

肿瘤化疗的药物反应和毒性具有明显的个体差异 ,这种差异往往是由于药物代谢酶或受体表达在遗传上发生了变化。遗传多态性对药代动力学有重要的影响 ,它使一部分个体的毒性反应明显 ,而对另一部分病人则达不到理想治疗效果。本文对硫嘌呤甲基转移酶 (TPMT)、细胞色素氧化酶 (CYP4 5 0 )、双氢嘧啶脱氢酶 (DPD)、尿甘二磷酸 -葡萄糖醛酸转移酶(UGTS)作了详细的综述 ,并阐明了其多态性对肿瘤化疗效果的意义。