用彗星试验研究饮用水中有机提取物对小鼠睾丸细胞DNA的损伤作用

目的通过彗星试验探讨饮用水两种不同消毒工艺所产生的非挥发性有机提取物对小鼠睾丸细胞DNA的损伤作用。方法设对照组,低、中和高剂量组共4个组,采用彗星试验检测NZ和XC水厂丰水期和枯水期水源水、自来水水样的非挥发性有机提取物对小鼠睾丸细胞DNA的损伤,并进行比较。结果各剂量组都出现了明显的拖尾现象,NZ与XC水厂的拖尾率比较差异无统计学意义。各剂量组的平均尾长明显高于对照组,NZ水厂低剂量组中,枯水期水源水平均尾长(19.3±2.7)μm高于自来水的(16.0±2.5)μm;高剂量组中,丰水期水源水高于自来水。水源水中,枯水期低剂量组低于丰水期、中剂量组高于丰水期;自来水中,枯水期中剂量组低于丰水期,高剂量组高于丰水期。XC水厂低剂量组中,丰水期的水源水平均尾长(15.5±1.0)μm低于自来水的(24.9±2.6)μm,中剂量组中,枯水期水源水高于自来水。水源水中,丰水期低剂量组低于枯水期,中剂量组和高剂量组丰水期高于枯水期;自来水中,丰水期中剂量组高于枯水期。结论 NZ和XC水厂的丰水期和枯水期有机提取物均含有导致小鼠睾丸细胞DNA损伤的物质;水源水与自来水、丰水期与枯水期表现为不同程度的DNA损伤。     

一起草菇中毒的急性毒性研究

目的:探讨草菇中毒的原因并对其毒性进行评价。方法:SPF级NIH小鼠、Hartly白化豚鼠经口灌胃(0.2 ml/10.0 g.bw)、腹腔注射(0.2 ml/10.0 g.bw)染毒,连续观察7 d。结果:草菇生品对NIH小鼠经口灌胃染毒未见明显毒性;对Hartly豚鼠经口灌胃染毒可出现明显中毒症状,并引起动物死亡。草菇生品对NIH小鼠腹腔注射染毒有较强毒性,草菇熟品未见引起中毒反应。结论:草菇生品有一定的毒性,可能引起中毒反应。     

诊断“慢性支气管炎”要慎重

自2004年至2006年我院收治的所谓“慢性支气管炎”病人160例，其中被确诊为慢性支气管炎的病人只有40例，支气管炎扩张20例，咳嗽变异型哮喘30例，嗜酸细胞行支气管炎25例，鼻后滴液综合征25例．胃食管返流性咳嗽15例，吸烟5例。为什么会出现这种错误呢？是因为许多医生没有充分理解慢性支气管炎的定义。慢性支气管炎的定义为：慢性咳嗽、咳痰连续2年以上，每年至少3个月，排除其他心肺疾病，临床上很多医生没有意识到排除其他疾病蕴含的真正意义。只要是慢性咳嗽，X线检查没有明显异常，就给病人戴上“慢性支气管炎”这顶帽子。真所滑“慢性支气管炎是个筐．什么都往里面装。所以我们在诊治慢性咳嗽病人时要慎重，要注意以下几个方面的问题。     

微生物蛋白质的毒性检测

微生物蛋白质是利用木薯渣经CO_(13)菌株发酵的产品,蛋白质含量30％,由广东省微生物研究所提供。它可广泛用作猪、鸡及其他动物饲料。我们对其作了毒性检测,结果如下:     

亚硒酸钠对大鼠胚胎肢芽细胞增殖和分化的影响

目的 探讨亚硒酸钠对大鼠胚胎的致畸性。方法 采用胚胎肢芽细胞培养方法，观察亚硒酸钠对大白鼠胚胎肢芽细胞增殖和分化的影响。结果 试验显示亚硒酸钠对大鼠肢芽细胞半数抑制分化浓度（ID50）为10．92μmol/L，半数抑制细胞增殖浓度（IP50）为7．95μmol/L。结论 亚硒酸钠的IP50／ID50值为0．728（＜6）,表明亚硒酸钠只是一种细胞毒性物质，而非致畸物。     

降钙素在糖尿病骨质疏松症治疗的应用研究

骨质疏松症（OP），1997年中国发生率为8390万人，占全国总人口数的6．6％，到2010年约为11040万人，8．2％。文旨在观察降钙素治疗。     

二吲哚甲烷诱导荷鼻咽癌裸鼠肿瘤转归及对MDA、SOD和GSH-Px的影响

[目的]探讨3,3-二吲哚基甲烷(3,3-diindolylmethane,DIM)对荷鼻咽癌裸鼠肿瘤体积、丙二醛(Malondiadehycle,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力及凋亡相关蛋白-半胱天冬酶-3信号分子的影响.[方法]采用完全随机的方式将48只BALB/C裸小鼠分为DIM低、中、高(0.004 g/kg.b.w、0.02 g/kg.b.w、0.1 g/kg.b.w)剂量组和溶剂对照组(体积分数为0.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠溶液),分别经口灌喂给予实验动物相应剂量的DIM或对照溶液10 d后,于其背部靠腋窝皮下接种人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE1,继续经口灌喂给予实验动物相应剂量的DIM或对照溶液.实验第30天时处死动物,计量肿瘤体积、留取肿瘤组织进行MDA含量、SOD和GSH-Px活力测定、活化型半胱天冬酶-3活性检测.[结果]DIM各剂量可不同程度地抑制肿瘤生长.与对照组比较,高剂量组SOD活力明显升高(P<0.05)、MDA含量明显降低(P<0.05)、GSH-Px活力明显升高(P<0.05).细胞凋亡的关键执行者活化型半胱天冬酶-3(Cleaved Caspase-3)表达随染毒剂量的增加逐渐增强(P<0.05).[结论]3,3-二吲哚基甲烷可抑制肿瘤生长,其机理可能与通过降低MDA含量,提高SOD活力、GSH-Px活力等途径降低氧化应激程度及通过Caspase-3信号分子诱导凋亡的作用相关.     

吲哚-3-甲醇对荷鼻咽癌裸鼠肿瘤转归及抗氧化体系的影响

Objective To observe the effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on the outcome of the tumor as well as the changes of the anti-oxidative system in null mice grafted with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods 48 BALB/c null mice were divided by means of random number table into control group (0. 5% sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose),low dosage (0.02 g/kg),middle dosage (0. 1 g/kg) and high dosage(0. 5 g/kg) of I3C. The mice were administered with different solutions by gavage for 10 days before CNEI cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the back (near the armpit) of the nude mice,then the solutions were continually administered by gavage. The tumor volume was measured and the tumor inhibitory rate was calculated. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA),the activity of superoxide dismutases (SOD),the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 were determined on the 31th day of the study. Results I3C could reduce the tumor volume [the tumor volumes of the control group,the middle dosage group and the high dosage group were(4. 13±0. 53)×10-6m3, (3.14±0.71)×10-6m3, (2. 72±0. 29)×10-6m3], as compared with the control, the shrinkage of tumor volume of the middle dosage group and the high dosage group were significant (the t valued at 0. 990 and 1.510, P< 0.01). The tumor inhibitory rates of 3 groups were 3.8%,20.5% and 34.9%,respectively. The contents of MDA in the tumor tissue tended to decrease [the values of control group,the low dosage group,the middle dosage group and the high dosage group were(31.29±2. 51)×10-6mol/L, (30. 12±2. 37)×10-6 mol/ L, (23. 32±1.93)×10-6 mol/L, (16.45±1.43)×10-6 mol/L](F=98. 752, P < 0. 01), and that of the high and the middle dosage group could obviously be reduced (t=8. 970,14. 840, P < 0.01) as compared with the control. The activity of SOD seemed to be elevated according to the increase of I3C dosage [the values were (387.24±23.16)×103 U/L, (399. 37±34. 45)×103 U/L, (431.63±31.24)×103 U/L, (476.45±44. 67)×103 U/L](F=53.444,P < 0. 01). When compared with the control, the SOD activity of the middle and the high dosage group be obviously increased (t=44. 390,89. 210,P <0.01). I3C could also elevate the GSHPx activity [the GSHPx values of the four groups were (226. 98±18.35)×103 U/L, (234.65±15.59)×103 U/L, (247.72±22. 73)×103 U/L, (300. 37±26. 02)×103 U/L](F=25.916,P < 0. 01). The GSHPx of the high dosage group was enhanced remarkable(t=73. 390, P < 0. 01) as compared with the control. The expression of cleaved caspase-3 (relative molecular weight=19 000 000) seemed to be elevated according to the increase of I3C dosage and the relative expression levels of wbich were 0. 87±0. 01,0. 97±0. 01,1.02±0. 06 and 1.14±0.02 (F=39. 864, P < 0. 01). When compared with the eontrol,the elevation of this kind of cleaved easpase-3 was considered statistical significant (the t values were 0. 100,0. 086 and 0. 303, respectively, P < 0. 05). When 13C dosage increased, the expression of cleaved caspase-3 (relative molecular weight=17 000 000) seemed to increased too [the relative expression levels of which were 0.00±0.00,0.05±0.02,0. 11±0.02,0.20±0.02(F=56.629,P<0.01)],and the increase of this kind of cleaved caspase-3 was esteemed significantly as compared with those of the control (the t valued at 0. 046,0. 103 and 0. 193, respectively, P < 0. 05). Linear correlate analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the shrinkage of tumor volume and the expression of the two kinds of cleaved caspase-3 protein was-0.732 (t=3. 404, P < 0. 01) and-0. 901 (t=6. 642, P < 0. 01). Conclusion I3C could reduce the growth of tumor, the mechanism underlie it could be related to the decrease of the content of MDA as well as the elevated levels of SOD,GSHPx,and perhaps could be related to the apoptosis transducted by cleaved caspase-3.     

急性纤维蛋白性喉气管支气管炎1例

患儿,男,12岁,因发热5 d伴咽痛,呼吸困难3 d入院。5 d前患儿出现发热,呈不规则热,诉咽部不适,轻咳,时有呕吐,当地医院予阿齐霉素、双黄连治疗2 d,体温正常,但患儿出现呼吸困难。查体:烦躁,咽充血,三凹征阳性,右肺呼吸音稍低,双肺底可闻及散在喘鸣音,心音低钝,余未见异常。     

烹饪油烟对大鼠SOD、MDA及免疫器官影响的研究

目的 :研究烹饪油烟对大鼠血清 SOD (超氧化物歧化酶 )活性、MDA (丙二醛 )含量及免疫器官的影响。方法 :给大鼠分别经腹腔一次注入 80 0 0 mg/ kg、 40 0 0 mg/ kg、 2 0 0 0 mg/ kg的烹饪油烟凝集物 ,同时设对照组 ,6d后颈动脉取血并处死动物 ,测定血清中 SOD活性、 MDA含量 ,观察对免疫器官的影响。结果 :烹饪油烟可使大鼠血清中 SOD活性显著降低 ,MDA含量明显升高 ,与对照组比较 P<0 .0 5及 P<0 .0 1,并对胸腺和脾脏产生不同程度的病理损伤。结论 :烹饪油烟可破坏机体氧化与抗氧化的动态平衡 ,并损及机体免疫器官的结构和功能