用彗星试验研究饮用水中有机提取物对小鼠睾丸细胞DNA的损伤作用

目的通过彗星试验探讨饮用水两种不同消毒工艺所产生的非挥发性有机提取物对小鼠睾丸细胞DNA的损伤作用。方法设对照组,低、中和高剂量组共4个组,采用彗星试验检测NZ和XC水厂丰水期和枯水期水源水、自来水水样的非挥发性有机提取物对小鼠睾丸细胞DNA的损伤,并进行比较。结果各剂量组都出现了明显的拖尾现象,NZ与XC水厂的拖尾率比较差异无统计学意义。各剂量组的平均尾长明显高于对照组,NZ水厂低剂量组中,枯水期水源水平均尾长(19.3±2.7)μm高于自来水的(16.0±2.5)μm;高剂量组中,丰水期水源水高于自来水。水源水中,枯水期低剂量组低于丰水期、中剂量组高于丰水期;自来水中,枯水期中剂量组低于丰水期,高剂量组高于丰水期。XC水厂低剂量组中,丰水期的水源水平均尾长(15.5±1.0)μm低于自来水的(24.9±2.6)μm,中剂量组中,枯水期水源水高于自来水。水源水中,丰水期低剂量组低于枯水期,中剂量组和高剂量组丰水期高于枯水期;自来水中,丰水期中剂量组高于枯水期。结论 NZ和XC水厂的丰水期和枯水期有机提取物均含有导致小鼠睾丸细胞DNA损伤的物质;水源水与自来水、丰水期与枯水期表现为不同程度的DNA损伤。     

一起草菇中毒的急性毒性研究

目的:探讨草菇中毒的原因并对其毒性进行评价。方法:SPF级NIH小鼠、Hartly白化豚鼠经口灌胃(0.2 ml/10.0 g.bw)、腹腔注射(0.2 ml/10.0 g.bw)染毒,连续观察7 d。结果:草菇生品对NIH小鼠经口灌胃染毒未见明显毒性;对Hartly豚鼠经口灌胃染毒可出现明显中毒症状,并引起动物死亡。草菇生品对NIH小鼠腹腔注射染毒有较强毒性,草菇熟品未见引起中毒反应。结论:草菇生品有一定的毒性,可能引起中毒反应。     

砷化物急性中毒尿砷追踪检测分析

目的研究一起火药爆炸引起砷化物急性中毒治疗过程中尿砷含量变化情况,为防治此类事件引起砷中毒提供依据。方法应用二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银-三乙醇胺分光光度法测定尿砷,并采取切实可行的质量保证措施。结果3名患者尿砷水平均高于我国正常人群尿砷平均值0.13 mg/L,实验室确诊急性砷中毒。结论本地区需要调研制定尿砷正常参考值。凡遇到火药爆炸烧伤者应考虑砷化物急性中毒。     

阿立哌唑与利培酮对女性精神分裂症患者催乳素水平及体质量的影响

目的：探讨阿立哌唑与利培酮对女性精神分裂症患者催乳素（PROL ）水平和体质量的影响及其与临床疗效的关系。方法选取120例女性精神分裂症患者,采用随机对照研究,随机分为阿立哌唑组60例,利培酮组60例,分别给予阿立哌唑和利培酮治疗6个月,在治疗前及治疗后1、3、6个月末采用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）及治疗中出现的症状量表（T ESS ）对2组进行临床疗效和不良反应评定,采用贝克曼全自动微粒子化学发光分析仪进行血清催乳素水平测定。结果2组PANSS各项评分及临床有效率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;阿立哌唑组在PROL水平改变及体质量增加方面优于利培酮组（ P＜0.05或0.01）,泌乳、月经紊乱及闭经明显少于利培酮组。结论阿立哌唑与利培酮两药治疗女性精神分裂症均有较好疗效,阿立哌唑对女性内分泌影响较小,更适合于女性患者临床应用。     

武汉地区肢体残疾人群抑郁症状的现况调查

目的:调查武汉地区肢体残疾(肢残)人群抑郁症状的检出率及相关因素。方法:采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法抽取武汉地区残疾人注册系统的1467位肢残者,用自编问卷调查社会人口学特征,用流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)评估抑郁症状,用艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)评估人格特征。结果:根据CES-D评分,样本中有、肯定有和有严重抑郁症状的检出率分别为36.9%、29.2%和14.0%。肢残者抑郁症状的危险因素为目前无工作(OR=1.34),有宗教信仰(OR=1.66),自评家庭收入低(OR=1.87),肢残等级为一级和二级(OR=1.48),EPQ-RSC精神质因子分3分(OR=1.33)和神经质因子分5分(OR=4.13);保护因素为女性(OR=0.73)和外向因子分7分(OR=0.40)。结论:武汉地区肢残人群抑郁症状检出率较高;无业、有宗教信仰、经济条件差、肢残等级重和内倾、情绪不稳、精神质分高的人格特征可能增加了肢残者抑郁症状的发生风险。     

中西医结合治疗胃下垂临床观察

目的观察中西医结合治疗胃下垂的疗效。方法将患者150例随机分为三组A组用中药香砂枳术丸合半夏泻心汤,B组用中药合多潘立酮、曲美布汀,C组用西药多潘立酮、曲美布汀。结果 B组疗效明显优于A组和C组,A组疗效又优于C组。结论香砂枳术丸半夏泻心汤合用多潘立酮、曲美布汀治疗胃下垂效果满意。     

农村基层已婚育龄妇女宫内节育器使用效果分析

宫内节育器（intrauterine device，IUD）是一种避孕效果良好、使用简便、安全又经济且作用可逆的长效避孕方法。根据国家计生委2006年的统计资料，我国使用IUD的妇女约占育龄夫妇采取避孕措施的45％左右。随着人们对避孕方法知情选择的进一步开展．预计在今后几年间，IUD的使用还会有进一步增加^[1]。     

二吲哚甲烷诱导荷鼻咽癌裸鼠肿瘤转归及对MDA、SOD和GSH-Px的影响

[目的]探讨3,3-二吲哚基甲烷(3,3-diindolylmethane,DIM)对荷鼻咽癌裸鼠肿瘤体积、丙二醛(Malondiadehycle,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力及凋亡相关蛋白-半胱天冬酶-3信号分子的影响.[方法]采用完全随机的方式将48只BALB/C裸小鼠分为DIM低、中、高(0.004 g/kg.b.w、0.02 g/kg.b.w、0.1 g/kg.b.w)剂量组和溶剂对照组(体积分数为0.5%的羧甲基纤维素钠溶液),分别经口灌喂给予实验动物相应剂量的DIM或对照溶液10 d后,于其背部靠腋窝皮下接种人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE1,继续经口灌喂给予实验动物相应剂量的DIM或对照溶液.实验第30天时处死动物,计量肿瘤体积、留取肿瘤组织进行MDA含量、SOD和GSH-Px活力测定、活化型半胱天冬酶-3活性检测.[结果]DIM各剂量可不同程度地抑制肿瘤生长.与对照组比较,高剂量组SOD活力明显升高(P<0.05)、MDA含量明显降低(P<0.05)、GSH-Px活力明显升高(P<0.05).细胞凋亡的关键执行者活化型半胱天冬酶-3(Cleaved Caspase-3)表达随染毒剂量的增加逐渐增强(P<0.05).[结论]3,3-二吲哚基甲烷可抑制肿瘤生长,其机理可能与通过降低MDA含量,提高SOD活力、GSH-Px活力等途径降低氧化应激程度及通过Caspase-3信号分子诱导凋亡的作用相关.     

吲哚-3-甲醇对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨吲哚-3-甲醇(13C)对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721的增殖和凋亡的影响.方法 不同浓度的I3C(100、150、200、250、300、350 μmol/L)处理细胞48 h后,显微镜下观察细胞生长状况;采用WST-1法检测细胞增殖情况,Hoehest33258染色、TUNEL染色检测细胞凋亡情况,Western blot法检测凋亡相关蛋白.结果 I3C能够抑制SMMC-7721细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,处理浓度在250 μmol/L以下时,细胞生长变慢;处理浓度达到300μmol/L时,大量细胞凋亡.I3C浓度高于200 μmol/L时CytC、Cleaved caspase-9和Cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达明显增加,且随着I3C浓度的增加三种蛋白的表达也明显增加.结论 I3C在体外实验条件下可抑制人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721增殖并诱导其发生凋亡.     

吲哚-3-甲醇对荷鼻咽癌裸鼠肿瘤转归及抗氧化体系的影响

Objective To observe the effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on the outcome of the tumor as well as the changes of the anti-oxidative system in null mice grafted with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods 48 BALB/c null mice were divided by means of random number table into control group (0. 5% sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose),low dosage (0.02 g/kg),middle dosage (0. 1 g/kg) and high dosage(0. 5 g/kg) of I3C. The mice were administered with different solutions by gavage for 10 days before CNEI cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the back (near the armpit) of the nude mice,then the solutions were continually administered by gavage. The tumor volume was measured and the tumor inhibitory rate was calculated. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA),the activity of superoxide dismutases (SOD),the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 were determined on the 31th day of the study. Results I3C could reduce the tumor volume [the tumor volumes of the control group,the middle dosage group and the high dosage group were(4. 13±0. 53)×10-6m3, (3.14±0.71)×10-6m3, (2. 72±0. 29)×10-6m3], as compared with the control, the shrinkage of tumor volume of the middle dosage group and the high dosage group were significant (the t valued at 0. 990 and 1.510, P< 0.01). The tumor inhibitory rates of 3 groups were 3.8%,20.5% and 34.9%,respectively. The contents of MDA in the tumor tissue tended to decrease [the values of control group,the low dosage group,the middle dosage group and the high dosage group were(31.29±2. 51)×10-6mol/L, (30. 12±2. 37)×10-6 mol/ L, (23. 32±1.93)×10-6 mol/L, (16.45±1.43)×10-6 mol/L](F=98. 752, P < 0. 01), and that of the high and the middle dosage group could obviously be reduced (t=8. 970,14. 840, P < 0.01) as compared with the control. The activity of SOD seemed to be elevated according to the increase of I3C dosage [the values were (387.24±23.16)×103 U/L, (399. 37±34. 45)×103 U/L, (431.63±31.24)×103 U/L, (476.45±44. 67)×103 U/L](F=53.444,P < 0. 01). When compared with the control, the SOD activity of the middle and the high dosage group be obviously increased (t=44. 390,89. 210,P <0.01). I3C could also elevate the GSHPx activity [the GSHPx values of the four groups were (226. 98±18.35)×103 U/L, (234.65±15.59)×103 U/L, (247.72±22. 73)×103 U/L, (300. 37±26. 02)×103 U/L](F=25.916,P < 0. 01). The GSHPx of the high dosage group was enhanced remarkable(t=73. 390, P < 0. 01) as compared with the control. The expression of cleaved caspase-3 (relative molecular weight=19 000 000) seemed to be elevated according to the increase of I3C dosage and the relative expression levels of wbich were 0. 87±0. 01,0. 97±0. 01,1.02±0. 06 and 1.14±0.02 (F=39. 864, P < 0. 01). When compared with the eontrol,the elevation of this kind of cleaved easpase-3 was considered statistical significant (the t values were 0. 100,0. 086 and 0. 303, respectively, P < 0. 05). When 13C dosage increased, the expression of cleaved caspase-3 (relative molecular weight=17 000 000) seemed to increased too [the relative expression levels of which were 0.00±0.00,0.05±0.02,0. 11±0.02,0.20±0.02(F=56.629,P<0.01)],and the increase of this kind of cleaved caspase-3 was esteemed significantly as compared with those of the control (the t valued at 0. 046,0. 103 and 0. 193, respectively, P < 0. 05). Linear correlate analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between the shrinkage of tumor volume and the expression of the two kinds of cleaved caspase-3 protein was-0.732 (t=3. 404, P < 0. 01) and-0. 901 (t=6. 642, P < 0. 01). Conclusion I3C could reduce the growth of tumor, the mechanism underlie it could be related to the decrease of the content of MDA as well as the elevated levels of SOD,GSHPx,and perhaps could be related to the apoptosis transducted by cleaved caspase-3.