当归龙荟片联合普芦卡必利治疗慢性功能性便秘的临床研究

目的探讨当归龙荟片联合普芦卡必利治疗慢性功能性便秘的临床疗效。方法选取2018年5月-2019年5月在北京市肛肠医院治疗的慢性功能性便秘患者122例,根据用药的差别分为对照组(61例)和治疗组(61例)。对照组口服琥珀酸普芦卡必利片,2mg/次,1次/d;治疗组在对照组基础上口服当归龙荟片,4片/次,2次/d。两组患者均经4周治疗。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者临床症状评分、PAC-QOL积分、结肠传输试验积分、Bristol和SF-36评分,及血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)、P物质(SP)和一氧化氮(NO)水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组临床有效率分别为80.33%和96.72%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经治疗,两组症状积分均明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗组比对照组降低更明显(P<0.05)。经治疗,两组患者PAC-QOL积分和结肠传输试验积分明显降低(P<0.05),而Bristol和SF-36评分明显升高(P<0.05),且治疗组患者明显好于对照组(P<0.05)。经治疗,两组患者血清SP、5-HT水平均显著升高(P<0.05),而VIP和NO水平均明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗组患者SP、5-HT、VIP和NO水平明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论当归龙荟片联合普芦卡必利治疗慢性功能性便秘可有效改善患者临床症状,促进患者生活质量改善,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Genetic polymorphisms of pharmacogenomic VIP variants in the lhoba population of southwest China

Background: It is well-established that differences among ethnic groups in drug responses are primarily due to the genetic diversity of pharmacogenes. A number of genes or variants that play a crucial role in drug responses have been designated Very Important Pharmacogenes (VIP) by the PharmGKB database. Clarifying the polymorphic distribution of VIPs in different ethnic groups will aid in personalized medicine for specific populations. Methods: We sequenced 85 VIP variants in the Lhoba population based on the PharmGKB database. The polymorphic distribution of the 85 VIP variants in 100 Lhoba subjects was determined and compared with that of 11 major HapMap populations, including ASW, CEU, CHB, CHD, GIH, JPT, LWK, MEX, MKK, TSI, and YRI. We used χ² tests to identify significantly different loci between these populations. We downloaded SNP allele frequencies from the ALlele FREquency Database to observe the global genetic variation distribution for these specific loci. And then we used Structure software to perform the genetic structure analysis of 12 populations. Results: Based on comparisons of selected available loci, we found that 23, 28, 16, 10, 20, 16, 24, 19, 22, 21 and 36 of the selected VIP variant genotype frequencies in the Lhoba population differed from those of the ASW, CEU, CHB, CHD, GIH, JPT, LWK, MEX, MKK, TSI, and YRI populations, respectively. In addition, Pairwise FST values and clustering analyses also showed the VIP variants in Lhoba exhibited a close genetic affinity with CHD, CHB and JPT populations. Conclusion: Our results complement pharmacogenomic data on the Lhoba ethnic group and may be helpful in the diagnosis of certain diseases in minorities.     

益气开秘方联合西药治疗便秘疗效及对患者血清5-HT、胃动素、血管活性肠肽水平的影响

目的:研究益气开秘方联合伊托必利及乳果糖对气阴两虚型便秘患者疗效及血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、胃动素(MOT)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)水平的影响。方法:选择气阴两虚型便秘患者168例。依据随机数字表法将其分成观察组和对照组各84例,对照组应用伊托必利和乳果糖。观察组加用益气开秘方。两组均治疗4周,对比两组疗效,临床症状评分,血清5-HT、MOT及VIP水平及并发症。结果:观察组总有效率97.62%,较对照组89.29%明显更高(P<0.05)。治疗后两组临床症状评分均明显低于治疗前,且观察组较对照组明显降低(P<0.05)。治疗后两组血清5-HT及VIP水平均明显低于治疗前,且观察组较对照组明显降低(P<0.05); 治疗后两组血清MOT水平明显高于治疗前,且观察组较对照组明显升高(P<0.05)。观察组并发症总发生率3.57%较对照组11.90%明显更低(P<0.05)。结论:应用益气开秘方联合伊托必利及乳果糖对气阴两虚型便秘患者的疗效较好,安全性较高,并可改善患者的血清5-HT、MOT及VIP水平。     

复方阿嗪米特联合多酶片治疗功能性消化不良的效果观察

目的 研究复方阿嗪米特肠溶片联合多酶片治疗功能性消化不良的效果。方法 选择2016年1月—2018年12月泰州市第三人民医院收治的60例功能性消化不良患者,随机分为两组,每组各30例。对照组患者口服多酶片,3片/次,3次/d。观察组在对照组的基础上加服复方阿嗪米特肠溶片,10 mg/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗1个月。比较两组的临床治疗效果,症状改善情况和胃肠激素水平。结果 治疗后,观察组的有效率为93.33%,明显高于对照组的70.00%（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组餐后饱胀、嗳气、上腹痛以及上腹部烧灼感评分均明显降低（P<0.05）,且观察组症状评分明显更低（P<0.05）。治疗后,两组的胃动素（MTL）和神经肽Y（NPY）水平明显升高,血管活性肽（VIP）水平均明显降低（P<0.05）,且观察组胃肠激素水平明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。两组腹胀、腹泻、呕吐和头晕的发生率无明显的差异（P>0.05）。结论 复方阿嗪米特肠溶片联合多酶片能更为显著地改善功能性消化不良的症状,提高疗效,调节胃肠激素水平。     

白术茯苓汤中用生白术或熟白术对湿困脾阻模型大鼠的影响

目的:研究白术茯苓汤中用生白术或熟白术对湿困脾阻模型大鼠的影响。方法:复制大鼠湿困脾阻模型。50只SD大鼠分为正常对照(等容生理盐水)组、模型(等容生理盐水)组、白术茯苓汤(生,8 g/kg)组、白术茯苓汤(熟,8 g/kg)组、平胃散(8 g/kg)组。测量大鼠体质量、腹围、腿围、平均进食量、饮水量,检测大鼠血清Na+-K+-ATP酶活性,神经降压素(NT)、P物质(SP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)含量。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠体质量减少,腹围、腿围增加,平均进食量、平均饮水量减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大鼠血清Na+-K+-ATP酶活性减弱,SP含量减少,NT、VIP含量增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,白术茯苓汤(生)组大鼠体质量增加、腹围减少,平均进食量、平均饮水量增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大鼠血清Na+-K+-ATP酶活性增强,NT、VIP含量减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:生白术之白术茯苓汤对湿困脾阻模型大鼠的保护作用较熟白术之白术茯苓汤为好,其作用机制可能是通过同时调节Na+-K+-ATP酶、NT及胃肠激素(SP、VIP)的分泌而达到治疗湿困脾阻的目的,白术茯苓汤中的生白术不可用熟白术替代。     

Differential roles of hypothalamic serotonin receptor subtypes in the regulation of prolactin secretion in the turkey hen

In the turkey, exogenous serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) increases prolactin (PRL) secretion by acting through the dopaminergic (DAergic) system. In the present study, infusion of the 5-HT_2C receptor agonist, (R)(−)-DOI hydrochloride (DOI), into the third ventricle stimulates PRL secretion, whereas the 5-HT_1A receptor agonist, (+/−)-8-OH-DPAT hydrobromide (DPAT), inhibits PRL secretion. Using the immediate-early gene, c-fos, as an indicator of neuronal activity, in situ hybridization histochemistry showed preferential c-fos co-localization within tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons (the rate limiting enzyme in DA synthesis) in the areas of the nucleus preopticus medialis (POM) and the nucleus premammillaris (PMM), in response to DPAT and DOI, respectively. To clarify the involvement of 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_2C receptors in PRL regulation, their mRNA expression was determined on hypothalamic tissue sections from birds in different reproductive stages. A significant difference in 5-HT_1A receptor was observed, with the POM of hypoprolactinemic short day and photorefractory birds showing the highest expression. 5-HT_2C receptors mRNA did not change during the reproductive cycle. The data presented support the notion that DA neurons in the PMM and POM mediate the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of 5-HT, respectively, on PRL secretion and the 5-HTergic system can both stimulate and inhibit PRL secretion.     

肝硬化患者血浆VIP、CCK水平与胆囊排空功能的关系

探讨肝硬化时血浆胃肠激素水平对胆囊运动的影响。用放免法测定肝硬化患者及对照者血浆血管活性肠肽 (VIP)和胆囊收缩素 (CCK)含量 ;用B超测定餐前、餐后胆囊容积及排空率。结果 :肝硬化时血浆VIP、CCK均明显增高 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 ) ;胆囊空腹容积、剩余容积均明显增大 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 0 1) ,最大排空率较对照组无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但Child -PughC级降低 (P <0 0 5 )。肝硬化组胆囊最大排空率与VIP呈负相关 ,胆囊空腹容积及剩余容积与VIP均呈正相关 ,胆囊空腹容积、剩余容积及最大排空率与CCK均无相关。提示肝硬化时VIP增高既抑制胆囊运动 ,又明显降低胆囊张力 ,肝硬化时可能存在对CCK的抵抗。     

Visualization of the inferoposterior thoracic wall (VIP) and boomerang signs-novel sonographic signs of right pleural effusion

Objectives

This study is to present the diagnostic values of the novel sonographic visualization of the inferoposterior thoracic wall (VIP) and boomerang signs in detecting right pleural effusion by sonologists with little to no experience in ultrasound.

Different metabolic profiles of K1 serotype and non-serotype K1 and K2 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in oral infection mice model

K1 or K2 serotype Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate caused clinical pyogenic liver abscess (KLA) infection is prevalent in many areas. It has been identified that K1 or K2 serotype K. pneumoniae isolates caused KLA infection in mice by oral inoculation. In our study, K1 serotype K. pneumoniae isolate Kp1002 with hypermucoviscosity (HV)-positive phenotype caused KLA infection in C57BL/6 mice by oral inoculation. Simultaneously, non-serotype K1 and K2 isolate Kp1014 with HV-negative phenotype failed to cause KLA infection in the same manner. It seems that gastrointestinal tract translocation is the pathway by which K1 or K2 serotype K. pneumoniae caused KLA infection. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to further analyze metabolic profile changes in mice with KLA infection. Data showed that after Kp1002 or Kp1014 oral inoculation, serum Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) levels significantly changed in mice. Some PC and LPC molecules showed changes both in the Kp1002 KLA group and the Kp1014 no-KLA group compared with the control group. The level of 18:1/18:2-PC significantly changed in the Kp1002 KLA group compared with the control group, but showed no change between the Kp1014 no-KLA group and the control group. The level of 18:1/18:2-PC might have been particularly affected by KLA infection caused by K1 serotype K. pneumoniae Kp1002. It may be a potential biomarker for KLA infection.     

Non-targeted metabolomic biomarkers and metabotypes of type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study of PREDIMED trial participants

Aim

To characterize the urinary metabolomic fingerprint and multi-metabolite signature associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and to classify the population into metabotypes related to T2D.