甘草酸对免疫诱导再生障碍性贫血小鼠骨髓造血功能的影响

目的:探讨甘草酸对免疫诱导再生障碍性贫血(再障)小鼠骨髓造血功能的影响,寻求治疗免疫诱导再障的方法。方法:BALB/c小鼠72只,适应性喂养1周后,随机分为实验组(64只)及正常对照组(8只)。实验组小鼠首先制造再障模型。将制模后小鼠再分为模型对照组(40只)及甘草酸组(24只)。将甘草酸组再分为低、中、高剂量组,每组8只,低、中、高剂量组小鼠每天经灌胃分别给予10、20、30mg/(kg.d)甘草酸,连续14 d,于第15天脱臼处死小鼠,分别检测血象、骨髓单个核细胞(BMNC)、CFU-GM、BFU-E,用原位末端标记法(TUNEL)测定胸腺淋巴结混合细胞、骨髓单个核细胞、外周血单个核细胞凋亡率。其余40只模型对照组小鼠每天经灌胃给予等体积生理盐水,并分别于第3、5、7、10、15天各处死一批次小鼠。8只正常对照组小鼠只给予等体积生理盐水。检测指标同上。结果:甘草酸组WBC、Hb、BMNC、CFU-GM、BFU-E明显高于模型对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),且具有剂量-效应关系。模型对照组骨髓单个核细胞凋亡率、胸腺淋巴结混合细胞凋亡率、外周血单个核细胞凋亡率均高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。甘草酸组骨髓单个核细胞凋亡率高于正常对照组(P<0.01)而低于模型对照组(P<0.01),外周血单个核细胞凋亡率高于正常对照组及模型对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),胸腺淋巴结混合细胞凋亡率高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论:甘草酸通过促进成熟淋巴细胞凋亡而有助于免疫诱导再障小鼠骨髓造血功能的恢复。     

Antiviral and Immune Stimulant Activities of Glycyrrhizin Against Duck Hepatitis Virus

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of glycyrrhizin as an immune stimulant against duck hepatitis virus (DHV). In vitro study was carried out to determine cytotoxic and antiviral effects of glycyrrhizin in VERO cells. In vivo study was performed on 40 one-day-old White Pekin ducklings. -and the birds weres divided into 4 groups: control, glycyrrhizin treated, vaccinated with live attenuated DHV vaccine and glycyrrhizin treated and vaccinated; to investigate the changes in immunity and challenge test. Blood samples were collected from each duckling for evaluation of cellular and humeral immunity. The in vitro results revealed that glycyrrhizin had antiviral and no toxic effects till 10⁶ dilutions. Higher antibody titer was observed from the 5^th week till the end of experiment in glycyrrhizin and vaccinated group. Treatment with glycyrrhizin alone or with DHV vaccine demonstrated a pronounced lymphocytic proliferation response after 4 days post-inoculation till the end of experiment, while vaccinated group revealed a pronounced proliferation response after 24 days post-inoculation. Treatment with glycyrrhizin alone or combination with DHV vaccine revealed good immune stimulant and antiviral effect against DHV.     

甘草甜素对人颊黏膜成纤维细胞炎症反应的初步研究

目的：观察甘草甜素对经脂多糖刺激后体外培养的人颊黏膜成纤维细胞炎症反应的作用。方法：取正常人颊黏膜,组织块法体外培养颊黏膜成纤维细胞,加入不同浓度的甘草甜素,培养24h、48h、72h后,经MTT法检测每孔的光密度值（OD）。用脂多糖（LPS）对细胞进行干预,用来模拟口腔扁平苔藓（0LP）的炎症状态。以第4代成纤维细胞为对照组、加入脂多糖为炎症组、同时加入脂多糖和甘草甜素为实验组,用ELISA法分别检测三组白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的浓度。结果：MTT法测出甘草甜素在一定范围内浓度越高、时间越长,抑制细胞的增殖作用就越强;ELISA法检测出炎症组较对照组上清液中IL-6浓度明显升高,实验组较炎症组上清液中IL-6浓度明显降低。结论：甘草甜素可明显抑制由脂多糖刺激的人颊黏膜成纤维细胞分泌IL-6。甘草甜素在治疗OLP的炎症反应中有重要作用。     

复方甘草酸苷注射液联合复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效观察

目的探索复方甘草酸苷注射液联合复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊治疗溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效。方法选取2014年2月—2017年4月西安市中医医院收治的124例溃疡性结肠炎患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各62例。对照组口服复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊,4粒/次,3次/d。治疗组患者在对照组治疗基础上静脉滴注复方甘草酸苷注射液,20 m L/次加入到生理盐水500 m L中,1次/d。两组患者均连续治疗30 d。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组腹痛程度、疾病活动指数(DAI)、黏液脓血便消失时间。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为82.26%、96.77%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者腹痛程度评分、DAI指数均较治疗前显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组腹痛程度评分、DAI指数均低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组黏液脓血便消失时间显著短于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论复方甘草酸苷注射液联合复方谷氨酰胺肠溶胶囊治疗溃疡性结肠炎具有较好的临床疗效,可显著降低腹痛程度,降低DAI指数,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

复方甘草酸苷注射液改善慢性乙型肝炎肝损伤疗效和安全性的系统评价与Meta分析

为系统评价复方甘草酸苷注射液(Compound Glycyrrhizin Injection,CGI)改善慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)肝损伤的有效性和安全性。该研究系统检索了PubMed、Web of Science、CBM、CNKI、Wanfang和VIP数据库,检索时限为建库至2020年2月10日。纳入CGI治疗CHB的随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT),由2名作者独立对纳入研究进行资料提取,并采用Cochrane偏倚风险评价工具对纳入研究进行方法学质量评价。应用RevMan 5.3软件进行数据统计分析。最终纳入18项双臂RCT,1915例受试者。所有纳入研究的方法学质量总体不高。对于CGI vs甘草酸二铵,CGI在提高临床总有效率上优于对照组,而在提高ALT复常率、降低ALT及AST水平上2组无统计学差异;对于CGI vs甘草酸二铵+其他一般保肝药,CGI在降低AST水平上优于对照组,而在降低ALT水平和提高临床总有效率上2组无统计学差异;对于CGI+其他常用药(包括能量合剂、谷胱甘肽、维生素及门冬氨酸钾镁等)vs甘草酸二铵+其他常用药,CGI联合其他常用药在降低ALT及AST水平、提高临床总有效率上均优于对照组,而在提高ALT复常率上2组无统计学差异;对于CGI+其他常用药vs其他常用药,CGI联合其他常用药在降低ALT及AST水平、提高临床总有效率上均优于对照组;对于CGI+维生素vs甘草酸二铵+门冬氨酸钾镁+维生素,在降低AST水平上2组无统计学差异。少数纳入研究报告了CGI单独或联合其他药物使用过程中会引起轻度不良反应。研究结果表明,CGI对改善CHB肝损伤具有一定疗效,目前证据尚不足以证明CGI会引起较严重安全性问题。未来仍需更多严格设计、足够样本量并严格实施的RCT进一步评价CGI改善CHB肝损伤的效果。     

Hypokaliémie avec pseudo-hyperaldostéronisme : est-ce un syndrome de Lidl® ?

IntroductionIntoxication induced by glycyrrhizin is a common cause of hypokalaemia by pseudo-hyperaldosteronism.ObservationWe hereby present the observation of a 68-year old patient hospitalised following a full hip-prosthesis operation after a deep hypokalaemia at 2.5mM was observed, with ECG signs (flat T waves and appearance of U waves). The kaliuresis was not adapted at 8,4mmol/mmol of creatininuria. We noted a history of axonal and demyelinising polyneuropathy, of psoriasis and chronic ethylism.The evolution after intravenous potassic supplementation and then per os was favourable leading to a normalisation of the blood and urinary potassic concentrations. The blood concentrations of renin and of aldosterone upon admission were lower than the detection threshold and the tests carried out 7 days later were normal with a plasmatic renin of 35.2 pg/mL and a plasmatic aldosterone of 74 pg/mL, therefore indicating a toxic cause. It is the interview of the patient that allowed for the diagnosis, identifying a daily, prolonged and important consumption (around 1L every 2-3 days for several years) of a pastis produced by supermarket brand Lidl®. The composition of the drink mentions ‘liquorice infusion’ without giving any more information as regards to the real concentration; it was later estimated at 170 mg/L by the distributor.DiscussionThe consumption of glycyrrhizin is a well-known aetiology for pseudo-hyperaldosteronism. It is commonly mentioned amongst excessive consumers of liquorice or of non-alcoholic anise drinks. Drinks that are derived from original pastis contain varying levels of glycyrrhizin, which is used as a flavour enhancer and can become toxic in cases of prolonged and important consumption.     

脓疱型银屑病患者静脉滴注复方甘草酸苷致严重过敏反应二例

复方甘草酸苷具有抗炎、抗过敏及调节免疫作用,皮肤科常选用于治疗湿疹、药疹等变态反应性疾病的治疗。本文报道2例脓疱型银屑病患者静脉滴注复方甘草酸苷后导致严重过敏反应案例,希望能够提醒临床用药时密切监护该药物的此类不良反应。     

恩替卡韦联合复方甘草酸苷治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化患者疗效及对肠道菌群的影响*

目的 观察恩替卡韦联合复方甘草酸苷治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化患者的疗效及对肠道菌群的影响。方法 2013年1月～2020年12月我院诊治的乙型肝炎肝硬化患者73例,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组40例和观察组33例,分别给予恩替卡韦或恩替卡韦联合复方甘草酸苷治疗48周。采用ELISA法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)和IL-10水平,使用法国生物梅里埃公司的ATB半自动微生物鉴定系统进行细菌鉴定,使用美国GE公司 LOGIQ E9或PHILIPS EPIQ7型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪检测门静脉内径(DPV)、脾静脉内径(DSV)和脾脏厚度(SPT)。结果 在治疗48周末,观察组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平为(43.7±7.6)U/L,显著低于对照组【55.9±6.5)U/L,P<0.05】,而血清白蛋白、总胆红素和凝血酶原时间分别为(35.3±4.5)g/L、(15.2±3.6)μmol/L和(13.3±0.8)s,与对照组【分别为(34.5±4.2)g/L、17.6±2.9)μmol/L和(13.9±0.7)s】比,差异无显著意义(P>0.05);观察组血清HBV DNA水平为(1.3±0.3)lg copies/ml,与对照组的(1.4±0.4)lg copies/ml比,无显著性差异(P>0.05);观察组粪便拟杆菌和双歧杆菌数分别为(7.9±0.8)lg GFU/g和(9.3±1.5)lg GFU/g,显著高于对照组【分别为(5.5±0.6)lg GFU/g和(7.6±1.0)lg GFU/g,P<0.05】,而大肠杆菌、肠球菌和乳酸杆菌数量分别为(7.3±0.9)lg GFU/g、(7.0±1.2)lg GFU/g和(9.8±0.6)lg GFU/g,与对照组【分别为(7.9±0.7)lg GFU/g、(7.3±1.3)lg GFU/g和(9.5±0.5)lg GFU/g】比,差异无显著意义(P>0.05);观察组血清TNF-α和IL-6水平分别为(39.6±6.5)ng/L和(33.5±5.9)ng/L,显著低于对照组【分别为(48.7±7.6)ng/L和(40.6±4.3)ng/L,P<0.05】,而两组血清IL-10水平无显著性差异【(20.3±4.1)ng/L对(23.7±4.2)ng/L,P>0.05】;观察组DPV、DSV和SPT分别为(12.9±0.9)mm、(9.2±1.3)mm和(42.5±5.1)mm,与对照组【分别为(13.1±1.0)mm、(9.7±1.4)mm和(43.8±4.9)mm】比,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论 应用恩替卡韦联合复方甘草酸苷治疗乙型肝炎肝硬化患者能帮助改善肝功能,或可促进肠道菌群的恢复,值得进一步观察。     

Protective effects of glycyrrhizin on sub-chronic diazinon-induced biochemical,hematological alterations and oxidative stress indices in male Wistar rats

The aim of this study was to elucidate the protective effect of glycyrrhizin on diazinon-induced changes in body and organ weights, blood hematology, lipid profile, biochemistry parameters and tissue markers of oxidative stress in male Wistar rats over a 7-week period. Rats were orally given sublethal dose of diazinon (10?mg/kg daily; 0.008 LD50), while glycyrrhizin (25?mg kg^?1 daily) was given alone or in combination with diazinon. At the end of 7th week, statistically significant decrease of pseudocholinesterase activity was detected when diazinon- and glycyrrhizin?+?diazinon-treated groups were compared to the control group. Diazinon treated rats showed weight loss and organ weight changes which were comparable to other groups. There was a statistically significance in hematological indices except mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) when diazinon treated group was compared to glycyrrhizin?+?diazinon treated rats. Glycyrrhizin protected the liver and kidney from diazinon toxic effects with significantly decrease in serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activities as well as ameliorated hepatic and renal function indices (such as bilirubin, total protein, albumin, BUN, creatinine glucose). In addition, glycyrrhizin minimized the hazardous effect of diazinon on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. The protective effects of glycyrrhizin were confirmed by tissue markers of oxidative stress analysis as glycyrrhizin in combination diminished malondialdehyde and glycyrrhizin alone or in combination enhanced thiol group and the ferric reducing power. In accordance to these results, our observations demonstrated the beneficial effects of glycyrrhizin in reducing the toxicity of diazinon.